github.com/ader1990/go@v0.0.0-20140630135419-8c24447fa791/src/pkg/image/gif/reader.go (about)

     1  // Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  // Package gif implements a GIF image decoder and encoder.
     6  //
     7  // The GIF specification is at http://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt.
     8  package gif
     9  
    10  import (
    11  	"bufio"
    12  	"compress/lzw"
    13  	"errors"
    14  	"fmt"
    15  	"image"
    16  	"image/color"
    17  	"io"
    18  )
    19  
    20  var (
    21  	errNotEnough = errors.New("gif: not enough image data")
    22  	errTooMuch   = errors.New("gif: too much image data")
    23  	errBadPixel  = errors.New("gif: invalid pixel value")
    24  )
    25  
    26  // If the io.Reader does not also have ReadByte, then decode will introduce its own buffering.
    27  type reader interface {
    28  	io.Reader
    29  	io.ByteReader
    30  }
    31  
    32  // Masks etc.
    33  const (
    34  	// Fields.
    35  	fColorMapFollows = 1 << 7
    36  
    37  	// Image fields.
    38  	ifLocalColorTable = 1 << 7
    39  	ifInterlace       = 1 << 6
    40  	ifPixelSizeMask   = 7
    41  
    42  	// Graphic control flags.
    43  	gcTransparentColorSet = 1 << 0
    44  )
    45  
    46  // Section indicators.
    47  const (
    48  	sExtension       = 0x21
    49  	sImageDescriptor = 0x2C
    50  	sTrailer         = 0x3B
    51  )
    52  
    53  // Extensions.
    54  const (
    55  	eText           = 0x01 // Plain Text
    56  	eGraphicControl = 0xF9 // Graphic Control
    57  	eComment        = 0xFE // Comment
    58  	eApplication    = 0xFF // Application
    59  )
    60  
    61  // decoder is the type used to decode a GIF file.
    62  type decoder struct {
    63  	r reader
    64  
    65  	// From header.
    66  	vers            string
    67  	width           int
    68  	height          int
    69  	flags           byte
    70  	headerFields    byte
    71  	backgroundIndex byte
    72  	loopCount       int
    73  	delayTime       int
    74  
    75  	// Unused from header.
    76  	aspect byte
    77  
    78  	// From image descriptor.
    79  	imageFields byte
    80  
    81  	// From graphics control.
    82  	transparentIndex    byte
    83  	hasTransparentIndex bool
    84  
    85  	// Computed.
    86  	pixelSize      uint
    87  	globalColorMap color.Palette
    88  
    89  	// Used when decoding.
    90  	delay []int
    91  	image []*image.Paletted
    92  	tmp   [1024]byte // must be at least 768 so we can read color map
    93  }
    94  
    95  // blockReader parses the block structure of GIF image data, which
    96  // comprises (n, (n bytes)) blocks, with 1 <= n <= 255.  It is the
    97  // reader given to the LZW decoder, which is thus immune to the
    98  // blocking.  After the LZW decoder completes, there will be a 0-byte
    99  // block remaining (0, ()), which is consumed when checking that the
   100  // blockReader is exhausted.
   101  type blockReader struct {
   102  	r     reader
   103  	slice []byte
   104  	err   error
   105  	tmp   [256]byte
   106  }
   107  
   108  func (b *blockReader) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
   109  	if b.err != nil {
   110  		return 0, b.err
   111  	}
   112  	if len(p) == 0 {
   113  		return 0, nil
   114  	}
   115  	if len(b.slice) == 0 {
   116  		var blockLen uint8
   117  		blockLen, b.err = b.r.ReadByte()
   118  		if b.err != nil {
   119  			return 0, b.err
   120  		}
   121  		if blockLen == 0 {
   122  			b.err = io.EOF
   123  			return 0, b.err
   124  		}
   125  		b.slice = b.tmp[0:blockLen]
   126  		if _, b.err = io.ReadFull(b.r, b.slice); b.err != nil {
   127  			return 0, b.err
   128  		}
   129  	}
   130  	n := copy(p, b.slice)
   131  	b.slice = b.slice[n:]
   132  	return n, nil
   133  }
   134  
   135  // decode reads a GIF image from r and stores the result in d.
   136  func (d *decoder) decode(r io.Reader, configOnly bool) error {
   137  	// Add buffering if r does not provide ReadByte.
   138  	if rr, ok := r.(reader); ok {
   139  		d.r = rr
   140  	} else {
   141  		d.r = bufio.NewReader(r)
   142  	}
   143  
   144  	err := d.readHeaderAndScreenDescriptor()
   145  	if err != nil {
   146  		return err
   147  	}
   148  	if configOnly {
   149  		return nil
   150  	}
   151  
   152  	if d.headerFields&fColorMapFollows != 0 {
   153  		if d.globalColorMap, err = d.readColorMap(); err != nil {
   154  			return err
   155  		}
   156  	}
   157  
   158  	for {
   159  		c, err := d.r.ReadByte()
   160  		if err != nil {
   161  			return err
   162  		}
   163  		switch c {
   164  		case sExtension:
   165  			if err = d.readExtension(); err != nil {
   166  				return err
   167  			}
   168  
   169  		case sImageDescriptor:
   170  			m, err := d.newImageFromDescriptor()
   171  			if err != nil {
   172  				return err
   173  			}
   174  			if d.imageFields&fColorMapFollows != 0 {
   175  				m.Palette, err = d.readColorMap()
   176  				if err != nil {
   177  					return err
   178  				}
   179  			} else {
   180  				m.Palette = d.globalColorMap
   181  			}
   182  			if d.hasTransparentIndex && int(d.transparentIndex) < len(m.Palette) {
   183  				m.Palette[d.transparentIndex] = color.RGBA{}
   184  			}
   185  			litWidth, err := d.r.ReadByte()
   186  			if err != nil {
   187  				return err
   188  			}
   189  			if litWidth < 2 || litWidth > 8 {
   190  				return fmt.Errorf("gif: pixel size in decode out of range: %d", litWidth)
   191  			}
   192  			// A wonderfully Go-like piece of magic.
   193  			br := &blockReader{r: d.r}
   194  			lzwr := lzw.NewReader(br, lzw.LSB, int(litWidth))
   195  			defer lzwr.Close()
   196  			if _, err = io.ReadFull(lzwr, m.Pix); err != nil {
   197  				if err != io.ErrUnexpectedEOF {
   198  					return err
   199  				}
   200  				return errNotEnough
   201  			}
   202  			// Both lzwr and br should be exhausted. Reading from them
   203  			// should yield (0, io.EOF).
   204  			if n, err := lzwr.Read(d.tmp[:1]); n != 0 || err != io.EOF {
   205  				if err != nil {
   206  					return err
   207  				}
   208  				return errTooMuch
   209  			}
   210  			if n, err := br.Read(d.tmp[:1]); n != 0 || err != io.EOF {
   211  				if err != nil {
   212  					return err
   213  				}
   214  				return errTooMuch
   215  			}
   216  
   217  			// Check that the color indexes are inside the palette.
   218  			if len(m.Palette) < 256 {
   219  				for _, pixel := range m.Pix {
   220  					if int(pixel) >= len(m.Palette) {
   221  						return errBadPixel
   222  					}
   223  				}
   224  			}
   225  
   226  			// Undo the interlacing if necessary.
   227  			if d.imageFields&ifInterlace != 0 {
   228  				uninterlace(m)
   229  			}
   230  
   231  			d.image = append(d.image, m)
   232  			d.delay = append(d.delay, d.delayTime)
   233  			// The GIF89a spec, Section 23 (Graphic Control Extension) says:
   234  			// "The scope of this extension is the first graphic rendering block
   235  			// to follow." We therefore reset the GCE fields to zero.
   236  			d.delayTime = 0
   237  			d.hasTransparentIndex = false
   238  
   239  		case sTrailer:
   240  			if len(d.image) == 0 {
   241  				return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
   242  			}
   243  			return nil
   244  
   245  		default:
   246  			return fmt.Errorf("gif: unknown block type: 0x%.2x", c)
   247  		}
   248  	}
   249  }
   250  
   251  func (d *decoder) readHeaderAndScreenDescriptor() error {
   252  	_, err := io.ReadFull(d.r, d.tmp[0:13])
   253  	if err != nil {
   254  		return err
   255  	}
   256  	d.vers = string(d.tmp[0:6])
   257  	if d.vers != "GIF87a" && d.vers != "GIF89a" {
   258  		return fmt.Errorf("gif: can't recognize format %s", d.vers)
   259  	}
   260  	d.width = int(d.tmp[6]) + int(d.tmp[7])<<8
   261  	d.height = int(d.tmp[8]) + int(d.tmp[9])<<8
   262  	d.headerFields = d.tmp[10]
   263  	d.backgroundIndex = d.tmp[11]
   264  	d.aspect = d.tmp[12]
   265  	d.loopCount = -1
   266  	d.pixelSize = uint(d.headerFields&7) + 1
   267  	return nil
   268  }
   269  
   270  func (d *decoder) readColorMap() (color.Palette, error) {
   271  	if d.pixelSize > 8 {
   272  		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gif: can't handle %d bits per pixel", d.pixelSize)
   273  	}
   274  	numColors := 1 << d.pixelSize
   275  	if d.imageFields&ifLocalColorTable != 0 {
   276  		numColors = 1 << ((d.imageFields & ifPixelSizeMask) + 1)
   277  	}
   278  	numValues := 3 * numColors
   279  	_, err := io.ReadFull(d.r, d.tmp[0:numValues])
   280  	if err != nil {
   281  		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gif: short read on color map: %s", err)
   282  	}
   283  	colorMap := make(color.Palette, numColors)
   284  	j := 0
   285  	for i := range colorMap {
   286  		colorMap[i] = color.RGBA{d.tmp[j+0], d.tmp[j+1], d.tmp[j+2], 0xFF}
   287  		j += 3
   288  	}
   289  	return colorMap, nil
   290  }
   291  
   292  func (d *decoder) readExtension() error {
   293  	extension, err := d.r.ReadByte()
   294  	if err != nil {
   295  		return err
   296  	}
   297  	size := 0
   298  	switch extension {
   299  	case eText:
   300  		size = 13
   301  	case eGraphicControl:
   302  		return d.readGraphicControl()
   303  	case eComment:
   304  		// nothing to do but read the data.
   305  	case eApplication:
   306  		b, err := d.r.ReadByte()
   307  		if err != nil {
   308  			return err
   309  		}
   310  		// The spec requires size be 11, but Adobe sometimes uses 10.
   311  		size = int(b)
   312  	default:
   313  		return fmt.Errorf("gif: unknown extension 0x%.2x", extension)
   314  	}
   315  	if size > 0 {
   316  		if _, err := io.ReadFull(d.r, d.tmp[0:size]); err != nil {
   317  			return err
   318  		}
   319  	}
   320  
   321  	// Application Extension with "NETSCAPE2.0" as string and 1 in data means
   322  	// this extension defines a loop count.
   323  	if extension == eApplication && string(d.tmp[:size]) == "NETSCAPE2.0" {
   324  		n, err := d.readBlock()
   325  		if n == 0 || err != nil {
   326  			return err
   327  		}
   328  		if n == 3 && d.tmp[0] == 1 {
   329  			d.loopCount = int(d.tmp[1]) | int(d.tmp[2])<<8
   330  		}
   331  	}
   332  	for {
   333  		n, err := d.readBlock()
   334  		if n == 0 || err != nil {
   335  			return err
   336  		}
   337  	}
   338  }
   339  
   340  func (d *decoder) readGraphicControl() error {
   341  	if _, err := io.ReadFull(d.r, d.tmp[0:6]); err != nil {
   342  		return fmt.Errorf("gif: can't read graphic control: %s", err)
   343  	}
   344  	d.flags = d.tmp[1]
   345  	d.delayTime = int(d.tmp[2]) | int(d.tmp[3])<<8
   346  	if d.flags&gcTransparentColorSet != 0 {
   347  		d.transparentIndex = d.tmp[4]
   348  		d.hasTransparentIndex = true
   349  	}
   350  	return nil
   351  }
   352  
   353  func (d *decoder) newImageFromDescriptor() (*image.Paletted, error) {
   354  	if _, err := io.ReadFull(d.r, d.tmp[0:9]); err != nil {
   355  		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gif: can't read image descriptor: %s", err)
   356  	}
   357  	left := int(d.tmp[0]) + int(d.tmp[1])<<8
   358  	top := int(d.tmp[2]) + int(d.tmp[3])<<8
   359  	width := int(d.tmp[4]) + int(d.tmp[5])<<8
   360  	height := int(d.tmp[6]) + int(d.tmp[7])<<8
   361  	d.imageFields = d.tmp[8]
   362  
   363  	// The GIF89a spec, Section 20 (Image Descriptor) says:
   364  	// "Each image must fit within the boundaries of the Logical
   365  	// Screen, as defined in the Logical Screen Descriptor."
   366  	bounds := image.Rect(left, top, left+width, top+height)
   367  	if bounds != bounds.Intersect(image.Rect(0, 0, d.width, d.height)) {
   368  		return nil, errors.New("gif: frame bounds larger than image bounds")
   369  	}
   370  	return image.NewPaletted(bounds, nil), nil
   371  }
   372  
   373  func (d *decoder) readBlock() (int, error) {
   374  	n, err := d.r.ReadByte()
   375  	if n == 0 || err != nil {
   376  		return 0, err
   377  	}
   378  	return io.ReadFull(d.r, d.tmp[0:n])
   379  }
   380  
   381  // interlaceScan defines the ordering for a pass of the interlace algorithm.
   382  type interlaceScan struct {
   383  	skip, start int
   384  }
   385  
   386  // interlacing represents the set of scans in an interlaced GIF image.
   387  var interlacing = []interlaceScan{
   388  	{8, 0}, // Group 1 : Every 8th. row, starting with row 0.
   389  	{8, 4}, // Group 2 : Every 8th. row, starting with row 4.
   390  	{4, 2}, // Group 3 : Every 4th. row, starting with row 2.
   391  	{2, 1}, // Group 4 : Every 2nd. row, starting with row 1.
   392  }
   393  
   394  // uninterlace rearranges the pixels in m to account for interlaced input.
   395  func uninterlace(m *image.Paletted) {
   396  	var nPix []uint8
   397  	dx := m.Bounds().Dx()
   398  	dy := m.Bounds().Dy()
   399  	nPix = make([]uint8, dx*dy)
   400  	offset := 0 // steps through the input by sequential scan lines.
   401  	for _, pass := range interlacing {
   402  		nOffset := pass.start * dx // steps through the output as defined by pass.
   403  		for y := pass.start; y < dy; y += pass.skip {
   404  			copy(nPix[nOffset:nOffset+dx], m.Pix[offset:offset+dx])
   405  			offset += dx
   406  			nOffset += dx * pass.skip
   407  		}
   408  	}
   409  	m.Pix = nPix
   410  }
   411  
   412  // Decode reads a GIF image from r and returns the first embedded
   413  // image as an image.Image.
   414  func Decode(r io.Reader) (image.Image, error) {
   415  	var d decoder
   416  	if err := d.decode(r, false); err != nil {
   417  		return nil, err
   418  	}
   419  	return d.image[0], nil
   420  }
   421  
   422  // GIF represents the possibly multiple images stored in a GIF file.
   423  type GIF struct {
   424  	Image     []*image.Paletted // The successive images.
   425  	Delay     []int             // The successive delay times, one per frame, in 100ths of a second.
   426  	LoopCount int               // The loop count.
   427  }
   428  
   429  // DecodeAll reads a GIF image from r and returns the sequential frames
   430  // and timing information.
   431  func DecodeAll(r io.Reader) (*GIF, error) {
   432  	var d decoder
   433  	if err := d.decode(r, false); err != nil {
   434  		return nil, err
   435  	}
   436  	gif := &GIF{
   437  		Image:     d.image,
   438  		LoopCount: d.loopCount,
   439  		Delay:     d.delay,
   440  	}
   441  	return gif, nil
   442  }
   443  
   444  // DecodeConfig returns the global color model and dimensions of a GIF image
   445  // without decoding the entire image.
   446  func DecodeConfig(r io.Reader) (image.Config, error) {
   447  	var d decoder
   448  	if err := d.decode(r, true); err != nil {
   449  		return image.Config{}, err
   450  	}
   451  	return image.Config{
   452  		ColorModel: d.globalColorMap,
   453  		Width:      d.width,
   454  		Height:     d.height,
   455  	}, nil
   456  }
   457  
   458  func init() {
   459  	image.RegisterFormat("gif", "GIF8?a", Decode, DecodeConfig)
   460  }