github.com/btcsuite/btcd@v0.24.0/integration/rpctest/blockgen.go

// Copyright (c) 2016 The btcsuite developers
// Use of this source code is governed by an ISC
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package rpctest

import (
	"errors"
	"math"
	"math/big"
	"runtime"
	"time"

	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/blockchain"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcutil"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/mining"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/txscript"
	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/wire"
)

// solveBlock attempts to find a nonce which makes the passed block header hash
// to a value less than the target difficulty. When a successful solution is
// found true is returned and the nonce field of the passed header is updated
// with the solution. False is returned if no solution exists.
func solveBlock(header *wire.BlockHeader, targetDifficulty *big.Int) bool {
	// sbResult is used by the solver goroutines to send results.
	type sbResult struct {
		found bool
		nonce uint32
	}

	// solver accepts a block header and a nonce range to test. It is
	// intended to be run as a goroutine.
	quit := make(chan bool)
	results := make(chan sbResult)
	solver := func(hdr wire.BlockHeader, startNonce, stopNonce uint32) {
		// We need to modify the nonce field of the header, so make sure
		// we work with a copy of the original header.
		for i := startNonce; i >= startNonce && i <= stopNonce; i++ {
			select {
			case <-quit:
				return
			default:
				hdr.Nonce = i
				hash := hdr.BlockHash()
				if blockchain.HashToBig(&hash).Cmp(targetDifficulty) <= 0 {
					select {
					case results <- sbResult{true, i}:
						return
					case <-quit:
						return
					}
				}
			}
		}
		select {
		case results <- sbResult{false, 0}:
		case <-quit:
			return
		}
	}

	startNonce := uint32(0)
	stopNonce := uint32(math.MaxUint32)
	numCores := uint32(runtime.NumCPU())
	noncesPerCore := (stopNonce - startNonce) / numCores
	for i := uint32(0); i < numCores; i++ {
		rangeStart := startNonce + (noncesPerCore * i)
		rangeStop := startNonce + (noncesPerCore * (i + 1)) - 1
		if i == numCores-1 {
			rangeStop = stopNonce
		}
		go solver(*header, rangeStart, rangeStop)
	}
	for i := uint32(0); i < numCores; i++ {
		result := <-results
		if result.found {
			close(quit)
			header.Nonce = result.nonce
			return true
		}
	}

	return false
}

// standardCoinbaseScript returns a standard script suitable for use as the
// signature script of the coinbase transaction of a new block. In particular,
// it starts with the block height that is required by version 2 blocks.
func standardCoinbaseScript(nextBlockHeight int32, extraNonce uint64) ([]byte, error) {
	return txscript.NewScriptBuilder().AddInt64(int64(nextBlockHeight)).
		AddInt64(int64(extraNonce)).Script()
}

// createCoinbaseTx returns a coinbase transaction paying an appropriate
// subsidy based on the passed block height to the provided address.
func createCoinbaseTx(coinbaseScript []byte, nextBlockHeight int32,
	addr btcutil.Address, mineTo []wire.TxOut,
	net *chaincfg.Params) (*btcutil.Tx, error) {

	// Create the script to pay to the provided payment address.
	pkScript, err := txscript.PayToAddrScript(addr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	tx := wire.NewMsgTx(wire.TxVersion)
	tx.AddTxIn(&wire.TxIn{
		// Coinbase transactions have no inputs, so previous outpoint is
		// zero hash and max index.
		PreviousOutPoint: *wire.NewOutPoint(&chainhash.Hash{},
			wire.MaxPrevOutIndex),
		SignatureScript: coinbaseScript,
		Sequence:        wire.MaxTxInSequenceNum,
	})
	if len(mineTo) == 0 {
		tx.AddTxOut(&wire.TxOut{
			Value:    blockchain.CalcBlockSubsidy(nextBlockHeight, net),
			PkScript: pkScript,
		})
	} else {
		for i := range mineTo {
			tx.AddTxOut(&mineTo[i])
		}
	}
	return btcutil.NewTx(tx), nil
}

// CreateBlock creates a new block building from the previous block with a
// specified blockversion and timestamp. If the timestamp passed is zero (not
// initialized), then the timestamp of the previous block will be used plus 1
// second is used. Passing nil for the previous block results in a block that
// builds off of the genesis block for the specified chain.
func CreateBlock(prevBlock *btcutil.Block, inclusionTxs []*btcutil.Tx,
	blockVersion int32, blockTime time.Time, miningAddr btcutil.Address,
	mineTo []wire.TxOut, net *chaincfg.Params) (*btcutil.Block, error) {

	var (
		prevHash      *chainhash.Hash
		blockHeight   int32
		prevBlockTime time.Time
	)

	// If the previous block isn't specified, then we'll construct a block
	// that builds off of the genesis block for the chain.
	if prevBlock == nil {
		prevHash = net.GenesisHash
		blockHeight = 1
		prevBlockTime = net.GenesisBlock.Header.Timestamp.Add(time.Minute)
	} else {
		prevHash = prevBlock.Hash()
		blockHeight = prevBlock.Height() + 1
		prevBlockTime = prevBlock.MsgBlock().Header.Timestamp
	}

	// If a target block time was specified, then use that as the header's
	// timestamp. Otherwise, add one second to the previous block unless
	// it's the genesis block in which case use the current time.
	var ts time.Time
	switch {
	case !blockTime.IsZero():
		ts = blockTime
	default:
		ts = prevBlockTime.Add(time.Second)
	}

	extraNonce := uint64(0)
	coinbaseScript, err := standardCoinbaseScript(blockHeight, extraNonce)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	coinbaseTx, err := createCoinbaseTx(coinbaseScript, blockHeight,
		miningAddr, mineTo, net)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Create a new block ready to be solved.
	blockTxns := []*btcutil.Tx{coinbaseTx}
	if inclusionTxs != nil {
		blockTxns = append(blockTxns, inclusionTxs...)
	}

	// We must add the witness commitment to the coinbase if any
	// transactions are segwit.
	witnessIncluded := false
	for i := 1; i < len(blockTxns); i++ {
		if blockTxns[i].MsgTx().HasWitness() {
			witnessIncluded = true
			break
		}
	}

	if witnessIncluded {
		_ = mining.AddWitnessCommitment(coinbaseTx, blockTxns)
	}

	merkleRoot := blockchain.CalcMerkleRoot(blockTxns, false)
	var block wire.MsgBlock
	block.Header = wire.BlockHeader{
		Version:    blockVersion,
		PrevBlock:  *prevHash,
		MerkleRoot: merkleRoot,
		Timestamp:  ts,
		Bits:       net.PowLimitBits,
	}
	for _, tx := range blockTxns {
		if err := block.AddTransaction(tx.MsgTx()); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	found := solveBlock(&block.Header, net.PowLimit)
	if !found {
		return nil, errors.New("Unable to solve block")
	}

	utilBlock := btcutil.NewBlock(&block)
	utilBlock.SetHeight(blockHeight)
	return utilBlock, nil
}