github.com/cockroachdb/pebble@v1.1.2/testdata/manual_compaction_set_with_del (about) 1 batch 2 set a 1 3 set b 2 4 ---- 5 6 compact a-b 7 ---- 8 6: 9 000005:[a#10,SET-b#11,SET] 10 11 batch 12 set c 3 13 set d 4 14 ---- 15 16 compact c-d 17 ---- 18 6: 19 000005:[a#10,SET-b#11,SET] 20 000007:[c#12,SET-d#13,SET] 21 22 batch 23 set b 5 24 set c 6 25 ---- 26 27 compact a-d 28 ---- 29 6: 30 000010:[a#0,SET-d#0,SET] 31 32 # This also tests flushing a memtable that only contains range 33 # deletions. 34 35 batch 36 del-range a e 37 ---- 38 39 compact a-d 40 ---- 41 42 # Test that a multi-output-file compaction generates non-overlapping files. 43 44 define target-file-sizes=(100, 1) 45 L0 46 b.SET.1:v 47 L0 48 a.SET.2:v 49 ---- 50 0.0: 51 000005:[a#2,SET-a#2,SET] 52 000004:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 53 54 compact a-b 55 ---- 56 1: 57 000006:[a#0,SET-a#0,SET] 58 000007:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 59 60 # A range tombstone extends past the grandparent file boundary used to limit the 61 # size of future compactions. Verify the range tombstone is split at that file 62 # boundary. 63 64 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1, 1) 65 L1 66 a.SET.3:v 67 L2 68 a.RANGEDEL.2:e 69 L3 70 a.SET.0:v 71 b.SET.0:v 72 L3 73 c.SET.0:v 74 d.SET.0:v 75 ---- 76 1: 77 000004:[a#3,SET-a#3,SET] 78 2: 79 000005:[a#2,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 80 3: 81 000006:[a#0,SET-b#0,SET] 82 000007:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 83 84 wait-pending-table-stats 85 000005 86 ---- 87 num-entries: 1 88 num-deletions: 1 89 num-range-key-sets: 0 90 point-deletions-bytes-estimate: 0 91 range-deletions-bytes-estimate: 1278 92 93 compact a-e L1 94 ---- 95 2: 96 000008:[a#3,SETWITHDEL-c#inf,RANGEDEL] 97 000009:[c#2,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 98 3: 99 000006:[a#0,SET-b#0,SET] 100 000007:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 101 102 wait-pending-table-stats 103 000008 104 ---- 105 num-entries: 2 106 num-deletions: 1 107 num-range-key-sets: 0 108 point-deletions-bytes-estimate: 0 109 range-deletions-bytes-estimate: 639 110 111 # Same as above, except range tombstone covers multiple grandparent file boundaries. 112 113 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1, 1) 114 L1 115 a.SET.3:v 116 L2 117 a.RANGEDEL.2:g 118 L3 119 a.SET.0:v 120 b.SET.0:v 121 L3 122 c.SET.0:v 123 d.SET.0:v 124 L3 125 e.SET.0:v 126 f.SET.1:v 127 L3 128 f.SET.0:v 129 g.SET.0:v 130 ---- 131 1: 132 000004:[a#3,SET-a#3,SET] 133 2: 134 000005:[a#2,RANGEDEL-g#inf,RANGEDEL] 135 3: 136 000006:[a#0,SET-b#0,SET] 137 000007:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 138 000008:[e#0,SET-f#1,SET] 139 000009:[f#0,SET-g#0,SET] 140 141 compact a-e L1 142 ---- 143 2: 144 000010:[a#3,SETWITHDEL-c#inf,RANGEDEL] 145 000011:[c#2,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 146 000012:[e#2,RANGEDEL-f#inf,RANGEDEL] 147 000013:[f#2,RANGEDEL-g#inf,RANGEDEL] 148 3: 149 000006:[a#0,SET-b#0,SET] 150 000007:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 151 000008:[e#0,SET-f#1,SET] 152 000009:[f#0,SET-g#0,SET] 153 154 # A range tombstone covers multiple grandparent file boundaries between point keys, 155 # rather than after all point keys. 156 157 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1, 1) 158 L1 159 a.SET.3:v 160 h.SET.3:v 161 L2 162 a.RANGEDEL.2:g 163 L3 164 a.SET.0:v 165 b.SET.0:v 166 L3 167 c.SET.0:v 168 d.SET.0:v 169 L3 170 e.SET.0:v 171 f.SET.1:v 172 ---- 173 1: 174 000004:[a#3,SET-h#3,SET] 175 2: 176 000005:[a#2,RANGEDEL-g#inf,RANGEDEL] 177 3: 178 000006:[a#0,SET-b#0,SET] 179 000007:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 180 000008:[e#0,SET-f#1,SET] 181 182 compact a-e L1 183 ---- 184 2: 185 000009:[a#3,SETWITHDEL-c#inf,RANGEDEL] 186 000010:[c#2,RANGEDEL-h#3,SET] 187 3: 188 000006:[a#0,SET-b#0,SET] 189 000007:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 190 000008:[e#0,SET-f#1,SET] 191 192 # A range tombstone is the first and only item output by a compaction, and it 193 # extends past the grandparent file boundary used to limit the size of future 194 # compactions. Verify the range tombstone is split at that file boundary. 195 196 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1, 1) 197 L1 198 a.RANGEDEL.3:e 199 L2 200 a.SET.2:v 201 L3 202 a.SET.0:v 203 b.SET.0:v 204 L3 205 c.SET.0:v 206 d.SET.0:v 207 ---- 208 1: 209 000004:[a#3,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 210 2: 211 000005:[a#2,SET-a#2,SET] 212 3: 213 000006:[a#0,SET-b#0,SET] 214 000007:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 215 216 compact a-e L1 217 ---- 218 2: 219 000008:[a#3,RANGEDEL-c#inf,RANGEDEL] 220 000009:[c#3,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 221 3: 222 000006:[a#0,SET-b#0,SET] 223 000007:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 224 225 # An elided range tombstone is the first item encountered by a compaction, 226 # and the grandparent limit set by it extends to the next item, also a range 227 # tombstone. The first item should be elided, and the second item should 228 # reset the grandparent limit. 229 230 define target-file-sizes=(100, 100, 100, 100) 231 L1 232 a.RANGEDEL.4:d 233 L1 234 grandparent.RANGEDEL.2:z 235 h.SET.3:v 236 L2 237 grandparent.SET.1:v 238 L3 239 grandparent.SET.0:v 240 L3 241 m.SET.0:v 242 ---- 243 1: 244 000004:[a#4,RANGEDEL-d#inf,RANGEDEL] 245 000005:[grandparent#2,RANGEDEL-z#inf,RANGEDEL] 246 2: 247 000006:[grandparent#1,SET-grandparent#1,SET] 248 3: 249 000007:[grandparent#0,SET-grandparent#0,SET] 250 000008:[m#0,SET-m#0,SET] 251 252 compact a-h L1 253 ---- 254 2: 255 000009:[grandparent#2,RANGEDEL-m#inf,RANGEDEL] 256 000010:[m#2,RANGEDEL-z#inf,RANGEDEL] 257 3: 258 000007:[grandparent#0,SET-grandparent#0,SET] 259 000008:[m#0,SET-m#0,SET] 260 261 # Setup such that grandparent overlap limit is exceeded multiple times at the same user key ("b"). 262 # Ensures the compaction output files are non-overlapping. 263 264 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1, 1) 265 L1 266 a.SET.2:v 267 c.SET.2:v 268 L2 269 a.RANGEDEL.3:c 270 L3 271 b.SET.2:v 272 L3 273 b.SET.1:v 274 L3 275 b.SET.0:v 276 ---- 277 1: 278 000004:[a#2,SET-c#2,SET] 279 2: 280 000005:[a#3,RANGEDEL-c#inf,RANGEDEL] 281 3: 282 000006:[b#2,SET-b#2,SET] 283 000007:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 284 000008:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 285 286 compact a-c L1 287 ---- 288 2: 289 000009:[a#3,RANGEDEL-b#inf,RANGEDEL] 290 000010:[b#3,RANGEDEL-c#2,SET] 291 3: 292 000006:[b#2,SET-b#2,SET] 293 000007:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 294 000008:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 295 296 # Regression test for a bug where compaction would stop process range 297 # tombstones for an input level upon finding an sstable in the input 298 # level with no range tombstones. In the scenario below, sstable 6 299 # does not contain any range tombstones while sstable 7 does. Both are 300 # compacted together with sstable 5. 301 302 reset 303 ---- 304 305 batch 306 set a 1 307 set b 1 308 set c 1 309 set d 1 310 set z 1 311 ---- 312 313 compact a-z 314 ---- 315 6: 316 000005:[a#10,SET-z#14,SET] 317 318 build ext1 319 set a 2 320 ---- 321 322 build ext2 323 set b 2 324 del-range c z 325 ---- 326 327 ingest ext1 ext2 328 ---- 329 0.0: 330 000006:[a#15,SET-a#15,SET] 331 000007:[b#16,SET-z#inf,RANGEDEL] 332 6: 333 000005:[a#10,SET-z#14,SET] 334 335 iter 336 first 337 next 338 next 339 next 340 ---- 341 a: (2, .) 342 b: (2, .) 343 z: (1, .) 344 . 345 346 compact a-z 347 ---- 348 6: 349 000008:[a#0,SET-z#0,SET] 350 351 iter 352 first 353 next 354 next 355 next 356 ---- 357 a: (2, .) 358 b: (2, .) 359 z: (1, .) 360 . 361 362 # Regresion test for a bug in sstable smallest boundary generation 363 # where the smallest key for an sstable was set to a key "larger" than 364 # the start key of the first range tombstone. This in turn fouled up 365 # the processing logic of range tombstones used by mergingIter which 366 # allowed stepping out of an sstable even though it contained a range 367 # tombstone that covered keys in lower levels. 368 369 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1, 1) 370 L0 371 c.SET.4:4 372 L1 373 a.SET.3:3 374 L2 375 a.RANGEDEL.2:e 376 L3 377 b.SET.1:1 378 ---- 379 0.0: 380 000004:[c#4,SET-c#4,SET] 381 1: 382 000005:[a#3,SET-a#3,SET] 383 2: 384 000006:[a#2,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 385 3: 386 000007:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 387 388 compact a-e L1 389 ---- 390 0.0: 391 000004:[c#4,SET-c#4,SET] 392 2: 393 000008:[a#3,SETWITHDEL-b#inf,RANGEDEL] 394 000009:[b#2,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 395 3: 396 000007:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 397 398 # We should only see a:3 and c:4 at this point. 399 400 iter 401 first 402 next 403 next 404 ---- 405 a: (3, .) 406 c: (4, .) 407 . 408 409 # The bug allowed seeing b:1 during reverse iteration. 410 411 iter 412 last 413 prev 414 prev 415 ---- 416 c: (4, .) 417 a: (3, .) 418 . 419 420 # This is a similar scenario to the one above. In older versions of Pebble this 421 # case necessitated adjusting the seqnum of the range tombstone to 422 # prev.LargestKey.SeqNum-1. We no longer allow user keys to be split across 423 # sstables, and the seqnum adjustment is no longer necessary. 424 # 425 # Note the target-file-size of 26 is specially tailored to get the 426 # desired compaction output. 427 428 define target-file-sizes=(26, 26, 26, 26) snapshots=(1, 2, 3) 429 L1 430 a.SET.4:4 431 L1 432 b.SET.2:2 433 b.RANGEDEL.3:e 434 L3 435 b.SET.1:1 436 ---- 437 1: 438 000004:[a#4,SET-a#4,SET] 439 000005:[b#3,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 440 3: 441 000006:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 442 443 compact a-e L1 444 ---- 445 2: 446 000007:[a#4,SET-a#4,SET] 447 000008:[b#3,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 448 3: 449 000006:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 450 451 iter 452 first 453 next 454 last 455 prev 456 ---- 457 a: (4, .) 458 . 459 a: (4, .) 460 . 461 462 # Similar to the preceding scenario, except the range tombstone has 463 # the same seqnum as the largest key in the preceding file. 464 465 define target-file-sizes=(26, 26, 26, 26) snapshots=(1, 2, 3) 466 L1 467 a.SET.4:4 468 L1 469 b.SET.3:3 470 b.RANGEDEL.3:e 471 L3 472 b.SET.1:1 473 ---- 474 1: 475 000004:[a#4,SET-a#4,SET] 476 000005:[b#3,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 477 3: 478 000006:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 479 480 compact a-e L1 481 ---- 482 2: 483 000007:[a#4,SET-a#4,SET] 484 000008:[b#3,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 485 3: 486 000006:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 487 488 iter 489 first 490 next 491 next 492 last 493 prev 494 prev 495 ---- 496 a: (4, .) 497 b: (3, .) 498 . 499 b: (3, .) 500 a: (4, .) 501 . 502 503 # Similar to the preceding scenario, except the range tombstone has 504 # a smaller seqnum than the largest key in the preceding file. 505 506 define target-file-sizes=(26, 26, 26, 26) snapshots=(1, 2, 3) 507 L1 508 a.SET.4:4 509 L1 510 b.SET.4:4 511 b.RANGEDEL.2:e 512 L3 513 b.SET.1:1 514 ---- 515 1: 516 000004:[a#4,SET-a#4,SET] 517 000005:[b#4,SET-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 518 3: 519 000006:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 520 521 compact a-e L1 522 ---- 523 2: 524 000007:[a#4,SET-a#4,SET] 525 000008:[b#4,SET-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 526 3: 527 000006:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 528 529 iter 530 first 531 next 532 next 533 last 534 prev 535 prev 536 ---- 537 a: (4, .) 538 b: (4, .) 539 . 540 b: (4, .) 541 a: (4, .) 542 . 543 544 # Test a scenario where the last point key in an sstable has a seqnum 545 # of 0. 546 547 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 26) snapshots=(2) 548 L1 549 a.SET.3:3 550 b.RANGEDEL.3:e 551 b.SET.0:0 552 L3 553 a.RANGEDEL.2:b 554 L3 555 c.SET.0:0 556 d.SET.0:0 557 ---- 558 1: 559 000004:[a#3,SET-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 560 3: 561 000005:[a#2,RANGEDEL-b#inf,RANGEDEL] 562 000006:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 563 564 iter 565 last 566 prev 567 ---- 568 a: (3, .) 569 . 570 571 compact a-e L1 572 ---- 573 2: 574 000007:[a#3,SET-c#inf,RANGEDEL] 575 000008:[c#3,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 576 3: 577 000005:[a#2,RANGEDEL-b#inf,RANGEDEL] 578 000006:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 579 580 iter 581 last 582 prev 583 ---- 584 a: (3, .) 585 . 586 587 # Test a scenario where the last point key in an sstable before the 588 # grandparent limit is reached has a seqnum of 0. We want to cut the 589 # sstable after the next point key is added, rather than continuing to 590 # add keys indefinitely (or till the size limit is reached). 591 592 define target-file-sizes=(100, 1, 52) snapshots=(2) 593 L1 594 a.SET.3:3 595 b.RANGEDEL.3:e 596 b.SET.0:0 597 c.SET.3:1 598 d.SET.1:1 599 L3 600 c.RANGEDEL.2:d 601 ---- 602 1: 603 000004:[a#3,SET-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 604 3: 605 000005:[c#2,RANGEDEL-d#inf,RANGEDEL] 606 607 compact a-f L1 608 ---- 609 2: 610 000006:[a#3,SET-c#inf,RANGEDEL] 611 000007:[c#3,RANGEDEL-e#inf,RANGEDEL] 612 3: 613 000005:[c#2,RANGEDEL-d#inf,RANGEDEL] 614 615 616 # Test a scenario where we the last point key in an sstable has a 617 # seqnum of 0, but there is another range tombstone later in the 618 # compaction. This scenario was previously triggering an assertion due 619 # to the rangedel.Fragmenter being finished prematurely. 620 621 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1) 622 L1 623 a.SET.0:0 624 c.RANGEDEL.1:d 625 L3 626 b.SET.0:0 627 ---- 628 1: 629 000004:[a#0,SET-d#inf,RANGEDEL] 630 3: 631 000005:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 632 633 compact a-e L1 634 ---- 635 2: 636 000006:[a#0,SET-a#0,SET] 637 3: 638 000005:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 639 640 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1, 1) 641 L0 642 b.SET.1:v 643 L0 644 a.SET.2:v 645 ---- 646 0.0: 647 000005:[a#2,SET-a#2,SET] 648 000004:[b#1,SET-b#1,SET] 649 650 add-ongoing-compaction startLevel=0 outputLevel=1 start=a end=z 651 ---- 652 653 async-compact a-b L0 654 ---- 655 manual compaction blocked until ongoing finished 656 1: 657 000006:[a#0,SET-a#0,SET] 658 000007:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 659 660 compact a-b L1 661 ---- 662 2: 663 000008:[a#0,SET-a#0,SET] 664 000009:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 665 666 add-ongoing-compaction startLevel=0 outputLevel=1 start=a end=z 667 ---- 668 669 async-compact a-b L2 670 ---- 671 manual compaction blocked until ongoing finished 672 3: 673 000010:[a#0,SET-a#0,SET] 674 000011:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 675 676 add-ongoing-compaction startLevel=0 outputLevel=1 start=a end=z 677 ---- 678 679 set-concurrent-compactions num=2 680 ---- 681 682 async-compact a-b L3 683 ---- 684 manual compaction did not block for ongoing 685 4: 686 000012:[a#0,SET-a#0,SET] 687 000013:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 688 689 remove-ongoing-compaction 690 ---- 691 692 add-ongoing-compaction startLevel=4 outputLevel=5 start=a end=b 693 ---- 694 695 async-compact a-b L4 696 ---- 697 manual compaction blocked until ongoing finished 698 5: 699 000014:[a#0,SET-a#0,SET] 700 000015:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 701 702 # Test of a scenario where consecutive elided range tombstones and grandparent 703 # boundaries could result in an invariant violation in the rangedel fragmenter. 704 705 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1, 1) 706 L1 707 a.RANGEDEL.4:b 708 c.RANGEDEL.4:d 709 e.RANGEDEL.4:f 710 L1 711 g.RANGEDEL.6:h 712 i.RANGEDEL.4:j 713 L1 714 k.RANGEDEL.5:q 715 m.RANGEDEL.4:q 716 L2 717 a.SET.2:foo 718 L3 719 a.SET.1:foo 720 c.SET.1:foo 721 L3 722 ff.SET.1:v 723 L3 724 k.SET.1:foo 725 ---- 726 1: 727 000004:[a#4,RANGEDEL-f#inf,RANGEDEL] 728 000005:[g#6,RANGEDEL-j#inf,RANGEDEL] 729 000006:[k#5,RANGEDEL-q#inf,RANGEDEL] 730 2: 731 000007:[a#2,SET-a#2,SET] 732 3: 733 000008:[a#1,SET-c#1,SET] 734 000009:[ff#1,SET-ff#1,SET] 735 000010:[k#1,SET-k#1,SET] 736 737 compact a-q L1 738 ---- 739 2: 740 000011:[a#4,RANGEDEL-d#inf,RANGEDEL] 741 000012:[k#5,RANGEDEL-m#inf,RANGEDEL] 742 3: 743 000008:[a#1,SET-c#1,SET] 744 000009:[ff#1,SET-ff#1,SET] 745 000010:[k#1,SET-k#1,SET] 746 747 # Test a case where a new output file is started, there are no previous output 748 # files, there are no additional keys (key = nil) and the rangedel fragmenter 749 # is non-empty. 750 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1) 751 L1 752 a.RANGEDEL.10:b 753 d.RANGEDEL.9:e 754 q.RANGEDEL.8:r 755 L2 756 g.RANGEDEL.7:h 757 L3 758 q.SET.6:6 759 ---- 760 1: 761 000004:[a#10,RANGEDEL-r#inf,RANGEDEL] 762 2: 763 000005:[g#7,RANGEDEL-h#inf,RANGEDEL] 764 3: 765 000006:[q#6,SET-q#6,SET] 766 767 compact a-r L1 768 ---- 769 2: 770 000007:[q#8,RANGEDEL-r#inf,RANGEDEL] 771 3: 772 000006:[q#6,SET-q#6,SET] 773 774 define target-file-sizes=(100, 100, 100) 775 L1 776 a.RANGEDEL.10:b 777 b.SET.0:foo 778 d.RANGEDEL.0:e 779 j.SET.10:foo 780 L2 781 f.RANGEDEL.7:g 782 L3 783 c.SET.6:6 784 L3 785 c.SET.5:5 786 L3 787 c.SET.4:4 788 L4 789 a.SET.0:0 790 f.SET.0:0 791 ---- 792 1: 793 000004:[a#10,RANGEDEL-j#10,SET] 794 2: 795 000005:[f#7,RANGEDEL-g#inf,RANGEDEL] 796 3: 797 000006:[c#6,SET-c#6,SET] 798 000007:[c#5,SET-c#5,SET] 799 000008:[c#4,SET-c#4,SET] 800 4: 801 000009:[a#0,SET-f#0,SET] 802 803 compact a-r L1 804 ---- 805 2: 806 000010:[a#10,RANGEDEL-b#0,SET] 807 000011:[d#0,RANGEDEL-j#10,SET] 808 3: 809 000006:[c#6,SET-c#6,SET] 810 000007:[c#5,SET-c#5,SET] 811 000008:[c#4,SET-c#4,SET] 812 4: 813 000009:[a#0,SET-f#0,SET] 814 815 # Test a snapshot that separates a range deletion from all the data that it 816 # deletes. Ensure that we respect the target-file-size and split into multiple 817 # outputs. 818 819 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1) snapshots=(14) 820 L1 821 a.RANGEDEL.15:z 822 b.SET.11:foo 823 c.SET.11:foo 824 L2 825 c.SET.0:foo 826 d.SET.0:foo 827 ---- 828 1: 829 000004:[a#15,RANGEDEL-z#inf,RANGEDEL] 830 2: 831 000005:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 832 833 compact a-z L1 834 ---- 835 2: 836 000006:[a#15,RANGEDEL-c#inf,RANGEDEL] 837 000007:[c#15,RANGEDEL-d#inf,RANGEDEL] 838 000008:[d#15,RANGEDEL-z#inf,RANGEDEL] 839 840 # Test an interaction between a range deletion that will be elided with 841 # output splitting. Ensure that the output is still split (previous versions 842 # of the code did not, because of intricacies around preventing a zero 843 # sequence number in an output's largest key). 844 845 define target-file-sizes=(1, 1, 1) 846 L1 847 a.RANGEDEL.10:z 848 b.SET.11:foo 849 c.SET.11:foo 850 L2 851 c.SET.0:foo 852 d.SET.0:foo 853 ---- 854 1: 855 000004:[a#10,RANGEDEL-z#inf,RANGEDEL] 856 2: 857 000005:[c#0,SET-d#0,SET] 858 859 compact a-z L1 860 ---- 861 2: 862 000006:[b#0,SET-b#0,SET] 863 000007:[c#0,SET-c#0,SET]