github.com/containers/podman/v5@v5.1.0-rc1/docs/source/markdown/podman.1.md (about) 1 % podman 1 2 3 ## NAME 4 podman - Simple management tool for pods, containers and images 5 6 ## SYNOPSIS 7 **podman** [*options*] *command* 8 9 ## DESCRIPTION 10 Podman (Pod Manager) is a fully featured container engine that is a simple daemonless tool. 11 Podman provides a Docker-CLI comparable command line that eases the transition from other 12 container engines and allows the management of pods, containers and images. Simply put: `alias docker=podman`. 13 Most Podman commands can be run as a regular user, without requiring additional 14 privileges. 15 16 Podman uses Buildah(1) internally to create container images. Both tools share image 17 (not container) storage, hence each can use or manipulate images (but not containers) 18 created by the other. 19 20 Default settings for flags are defined in `containers.conf`. Most settings for 21 Remote connections use the server's containers.conf, except when documented in 22 man pages. 23 24 **podman [GLOBAL OPTIONS]** 25 26 ## GLOBAL OPTIONS 27 28 #### **--cgroup-manager**=*manager* 29 30 The CGroup manager to use for container cgroups. Supported values are __cgroupfs__ or __systemd__. Default is _systemd_ unless overridden in the containers.conf file. 31 32 Note: Setting this flag can cause certain commands to break when called on containers previously created by the other CGroup manager type. 33 Note: CGroup manager is not supported in rootless mode when using CGroups Version V1. 34 35 #### **--config** 36 Location of config file. Mainly for docker compatibility, only the authentication parts of the config are supported. 37 38 #### **--conmon** 39 Path of the conmon binary (Default path is configured in `containers.conf`) 40 41 #### **--connection**, **-c** 42 Connection to use for remote podman, including Mac and Windows (excluding WSL2) machines, (Default connection is configured in `containers.conf`) 43 Setting this option switches the **--remote** option to true. 44 Remote connections use local containers.conf for default. 45 46 #### **--events-backend**=*type* 47 48 Backend to use for storing events. Allowed values are **file**, **journald**, and 49 **none**. When *file* is specified, the events are stored under 50 `<tmpdir>/events/events.log` (see **--tmpdir** below). 51 52 #### **--help**, **-h** 53 54 Print usage statement 55 56 #### **--hooks-dir**=*path* 57 58 Each `*.json` file in the path configures a hook for Podman containers. For more details on the syntax of the JSON files and the semantics of hook injection, see `oci-hooks(5)`. Podman and libpod currently support both the 1.0.0 and 0.1.0 hook schemas, although the 0.1.0 schema is deprecated. 59 60 This option may be set multiple times; paths from later options have higher precedence (`oci-hooks(5)` discusses directory precedence). 61 62 For the annotation conditions, libpod uses any annotations set in the generated OCI configuration. 63 64 For the bind-mount conditions, only mounts explicitly requested by the caller via `--volume` are considered. Bind mounts that libpod inserts by default (e.g. `/dev/shm`) are not considered. 65 66 If `--hooks-dir` is unset for root callers, Podman and libpod currently default to `/usr/share/containers/oci/hooks.d` and `/etc/containers/oci/hooks.d` in order of increasing precedence. Using these defaults is deprecated. Migrate to explicitly setting `--hooks-dir`. 67 68 Podman and libpod currently support an additional `precreate` state which is called before the runtime's `create` operation. Unlike the other stages, which receive the container state on their standard input, `precreate` hooks receive the proposed runtime configuration on their standard input. They may alter that configuration as they see fit, and write the altered form to their standard output. 69 70 **WARNING**: the `precreate` hook allows powerful changes to occur, such as adding additional mounts to the runtime configuration. That power also makes it easy to break things. Before reporting libpod errors, try running a container with `precreate` hooks disabled to see if the problem is due to one of the hooks. 71 72 #### **--identity**=*path* 73 74 Path to ssh identity file. If the identity file has been encrypted, podman prompts the user for the passphrase. 75 If no identity file is provided and no user is given, podman defaults to the user running the podman command. 76 Podman prompts for the login password on the remote server. 77 78 Identity value resolution precedence: 79 - command line value 80 - environment variable `CONTAINER_SSHKEY`, if `CONTAINER_HOST` is found 81 - `containers.conf` 82 Remote connections use local containers.conf for default. 83 84 #### **--imagestore**=*path* 85 86 Path of the imagestore where images are stored. By default, the storage library stores all the images in the graphroot but if an imagestore is provided, then the storage library will store newly pulled images in the provided imagestore and keep using the graphroot for everything else. If the user is using the overlay driver, then the images which were already part of the graphroot will still be accessible. 87 88 This will override *imagestore* option in `containers-storage.conf(5)`, refer to `containers-storage.conf(5)` for more details. 89 90 #### **--log-level**=*level* 91 92 Log messages at and above specified level: __debug__, __info__, __warn__, __error__, __fatal__ or __panic__ (default: _warn_) 93 94 #### **--module**=*path* 95 96 Load the specified `containers.conf(5)` module. Can be an absolute or relative path. Please refer to `containers.conf(5)` for details. 97 98 This flag is not supported on the remote client, including Mac and Windows (excluding WSL2) machines. 99 Further note that the flag is a root-level flag and must be specified before any Podman sub-command. 100 101 #### **--network-cmd-path**=*path* 102 Path to the `slirp4netns(1)` command binary to use for setting up a slirp4netns network. 103 If "" is used, then the binary will first be searched using the `helper_binaries_dir` option in `containers.conf`, and second using the `$PATH` environment variable. 104 **Note:** This option is deprecated and will be removed with Podman 5.0. Use the `helper_binaries_dir` option in `containers.conf` instead. 105 106 #### **--network-config-dir**=*directory* 107 108 Path to the directory where network configuration files are located. 109 For the netavark backend "/etc/containers/networks" is used as root 110 and "$graphroot/networks" as rootless. 111 For the CNI backend the default is "/etc/cni/net.d" as root 112 and "$HOME/.config/cni/net.d" as rootless. 113 CNI is deprecated and will be removed in the next major Podman version 5.0 in preference of Netavark. 114 115 #### **--out**=*path* 116 Redirect the output of podman to the specified path without affecting the container output or its logs. This parameter can be used to capture the output from any of podman's commands directly into a file and enable suppression of podman's output by specifying /dev/null as the path. To explicitly disable the container logging, the **--log-driver** option should be used. 117 118 #### **--remote**, **-r** 119 When true, access to the Podman service is remote. Defaults to false. 120 Settings can be modified in the containers.conf file. If the CONTAINER_HOST 121 environment variable is set, the **--remote** option defaults to true. 122 123 #### **--root**=*value* 124 125 Storage root dir in which data, including images, is stored (default: "/var/lib/containers/storage" for UID 0, "$HOME/.local/share/containers/storage" for other users). 126 Default root dir configured in `containers-storage.conf(5)`. 127 128 Overriding this option causes the *storage-opt* settings in `containers-storage.conf(5)` to be ignored. The user must specify additional options via the `--storage-opt` flag. 129 130 #### **--runroot**=*value* 131 132 Storage state directory where all state information is stored (default: "/run/containers/storage" for UID 0, "/run/user/$UID/run" for other users). 133 Default state dir configured in `containers-storage.conf(5)`. 134 135 #### **--runtime**=*value* 136 137 Name of the OCI runtime as specified in containers.conf or absolute path to the OCI compatible binary used to run containers. 138 139 #### **--runtime-flag**=*flag* 140 141 Adds global flags for the container runtime. To list the supported flags, please 142 consult the manpages of the selected container runtime (`runc` is the default 143 runtime, the manpage to consult is `runc(8)`. When the machine is configured 144 for cgroup V2, the default runtime is `crun`, the manpage to consult is `crun(8)`.). 145 146 Note: Do not pass the leading `--` to the flag. To pass the runc flag `--log-format json` 147 to podman build, the option given can be `--runtime-flag log-format=json`. 148 149 150 #### **--ssh**=*value* 151 152 This option allows the user to change the ssh mode, meaning that rather than using the default **golang** mode, one can instead use **--ssh=native** 153 to use the installed ssh binary and config file declared in containers.conf. 154 155 #### **--storage-driver**=*value* 156 157 Storage driver. The default storage driver for UID 0 is configured in `containers-storage.conf(5)` in rootless mode), and is *vfs* for non-root users when *fuse-overlayfs* is not available. The `STORAGE_DRIVER` environment variable overrides the default. The --storage-driver specified driver overrides all. 158 159 Overriding this option causes the *storage-opt* settings in `containers-storage.conf(5)` to be ignored. The user must 160 specify additional options via the `--storage-opt` flag. 161 162 #### **--storage-opt**=*value* 163 164 Specify a storage driver option. Default storage driver options are configured in `containers-storage.conf(5)`. The `STORAGE_OPTS` environment variable overrides the default. The --storage-opt specified options override all. Specify --storage-opt="" so no storage options is used. 165 166 #### **--syslog** 167 168 Output logging information to syslog as well as the console (default *false*). 169 170 On remote clients, including Mac and Windows (excluding WSL2) machines, logging is directed to the file $HOME/.config/containers/podman.log. 171 172 #### **--tmpdir**=*path* 173 174 Path to the tmp directory, for libpod runtime content. Defaults to `$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/libpod/tmp` as rootless and `/run/libpod/tmp` as rootful. 175 176 NOTE --tmpdir is not used for the temporary storage of downloaded images. Use the environment variable `TMPDIR` to change the temporary storage location of downloaded container images. Podman defaults to use `/var/tmp`. 177 178 #### **--transient-store** 179 180 Enables a global transient storage mode where all container metadata is stored on non-persistent media (i.e. in the location specified by `--runroot`). 181 This mode allows starting containers faster, as well as guaranteeing a fresh state on boot in case of unclean shutdowns or other problems. However 182 it is not compatible with a traditional model where containers persist across reboots. 183 184 Default value for this is configured in `containers-storage.conf(5)`. 185 186 #### **--url**=*value* 187 URL to access Podman service (default from `containers.conf`, rootless `unix:///run/user/$UID/podman/podman.sock` or as root `unix:///run/podman/podman.sock`). 188 Setting this option switches the **--remote** option to true. 189 190 - `CONTAINER_HOST` is of the format `<schema>://[<user[:<password>]@]<host>[:<port>][<path>]` 191 192 Details: 193 - `schema` is one of: 194 * `ssh` (default): a local unix(7) socket on the named `host` and `port`, reachable via SSH 195 * `tcp`: an unencrypted, unauthenticated TCP connection to the named `host` and `port` 196 * `unix`: a local unix(7) socket at the specified `path`, or the default for the user 197 - `user` defaults to either `root` or the current running user (`ssh` only) 198 - `password` has no default (`ssh` only) 199 - `host` must be provided and is either the IP or name of the machine hosting the Podman service (`ssh` and `tcp`) 200 - `port` defaults to 22 (`ssh` and `tcp`) 201 - `path` defaults to either `/run/podman/podman.sock`, or `/run/user/$UID/podman/podman.sock` if running rootless (`unix`), or must be explicitly specified (`ssh`) 202 203 URL value resolution precedence: 204 - command line value 205 - environment variable `CONTAINER_HOST` 206 - `engine.service_destinations` table in containers.conf, excluding the /usr/share/containers directory 207 - `unix:///run/podman/podman.sock` 208 209 Remote connections use local containers.conf for default. 210 211 Some example URL values in valid formats: 212 - unix:///run/podman/podman.sock 213 - unix:///run/user/$UID/podman/podman.sock 214 - ssh://notroot@localhost:22/run/user/$UID/podman/podman.sock 215 - ssh://root@localhost:22/run/podman/podman.sock 216 - tcp://localhost:34451 217 - tcp://127.0.0.1:34451 218 219 #### **--version**, **-v** 220 221 Print the version 222 223 #### **--volumepath**=*value* 224 225 Volume directory where builtin volume information is stored (default: "/var/lib/containers/storage/volumes" for UID 0, "$HOME/.local/share/containers/storage/volumes" for other users). Default volume path can be overridden in `containers.conf`. 226 227 ## Environment Variables 228 229 Podman can set up environment variables from env of [engine] table in containers.conf. These variables can be overridden by passing environment variables before the `podman` commands. 230 231 #### **CONTAINERS_CONF** 232 233 Set default locations of containers.conf file 234 235 #### **CONTAINERS_REGISTRIES_CONF** 236 237 Set default location of the registries.conf file. 238 239 #### **CONTAINERS_STORAGE_CONF** 240 241 Set default location of the storage.conf file. 242 243 #### **CONTAINER_CONNECTION** 244 245 Override default `--connection` value to access Podman service. Automatically enables the --remote option. 246 247 #### **CONTAINER_HOST** 248 249 Set default `--url` value to access Podman service. Automatically enables --remote option. 250 251 #### **CONTAINER_SSHKEY** 252 253 Set default `--identity` path to ssh key file value used to access Podman service. 254 255 #### **PODMAN_CONNECTIONS_CONF** 256 257 The path to the file where the system connections and farms created with `podman system connection add` 258 and `podman farm add` are stored, by default it uses `~/.config/containers/podman-connections.json`. 259 260 #### **STORAGE_DRIVER** 261 262 Set default `--storage-driver` value. 263 264 #### **STORAGE_OPTS** 265 266 Set default `--storage-opts` value. 267 268 #### **TMPDIR** 269 270 Set the temporary storage location of downloaded container images. Podman defaults to use `/var/tmp`. 271 272 #### **XDG_CONFIG_HOME** 273 274 In Rootless mode configuration files are read from `XDG_CONFIG_HOME` when 275 specified, otherwise in the home directory of the user under 276 `$HOME/.config/containers`. 277 278 #### **XDG_DATA_HOME** 279 280 In Rootless mode images are pulled under `XDG_DATA_HOME` when specified, 281 otherwise in the home directory of the user under 282 `$HOME/.local/share/containers/storage`. 283 284 #### **XDG_RUNTIME_DIR** 285 286 In Rootless mode temporary configuration data is stored in `${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/containers`. 287 288 ## Remote Access 289 290 The Podman command can be used with remote services using the `--remote` flag. Connections can 291 be made using local unix domain sockets, ssh or directly to tcp sockets. When specifying the 292 podman --remote flag, only the global options `--url`, `--identity`, `--log-level`, `--connection` are used. 293 294 Connection information can also be managed using the containers.conf file. 295 296 ## Exit Codes 297 298 The exit code from `podman` gives information about why the container 299 failed to run or why it exited. When `podman` commands exit with a non-zero code, 300 the exit codes follow the `chroot` standard, see below: 301 302 **125** The error is with podman **_itself_** 303 304 $ podman run --foo busybox; echo $? 305 Error: unknown flag: --foo 306 125 307 308 **126** Executing a _container command_ and the _command_ cannot be invoked 309 310 $ podman run busybox /etc; echo $? 311 Error: container_linux.go:346: starting container process caused "exec: \"/etc\": permission denied": OCI runtime error 312 126 313 314 **127** Executing a _container command_ and the _command_ cannot be found 315 316 $ podman run busybox foo; echo $? 317 Error: container_linux.go:346: starting container process caused "exec: \"foo\": executable file not found in $PATH": OCI runtime error 318 127 319 320 **Exit code** otherwise, `podman` returns the exit code of the _container command_ 321 322 $ podman run busybox /bin/sh -c 'exit 3'; echo $? 323 3 324 325 326 ## COMMANDS 327 328 | Command | Description | 329 | ------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 330 | [podman-attach(1)](podman-attach.1.md) | Attach to a running container. | 331 | [podman-auto-update(1)](podman-auto-update.1.md) | Auto update containers according to their auto-update policy | 332 | [podman-build(1)](podman-build.1.md) | Build a container image using a Containerfile. | 333 | [podman-farm(1)](podman-farm.1.md) | Farm out builds to machines running podman for different architectures | 334 | [podman-commit(1)](podman-commit.1.md) | Create new image based on the changed container. | 335 | [podman-completion(1)](podman-completion.1.md) | Generate shell completion scripts | 336 | [podman-compose(1)](podman-compose.1.md) | Run Compose workloads via an external compose provider. | 337 | [podman-container(1)](podman-container.1.md) | Manage containers. | 338 | [podman-cp(1)](podman-cp.1.md) | Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem. | 339 | [podman-create(1)](podman-create.1.md) | Create a new container. | 340 | [podman-diff(1)](podman-diff.1.md) | Inspect changes on a container or image's filesystem. | 341 | [podman-events(1)](podman-events.1.md) | Monitor Podman events | 342 | [podman-exec(1)](podman-exec.1.md) | Execute a command in a running container. | 343 | [podman-export(1)](podman-export.1.md) | Export a container's filesystem contents as a tar archive. | 344 | [podman-generate(1)](podman-generate.1.md) | Generate structured data based on containers, pods or volumes. | 345 | [podman-healthcheck(1)](podman-healthcheck.1.md) | Manage healthchecks for containers | 346 | [podman-history(1)](podman-history.1.md) | Show the history of an image. | 347 | [podman-image(1)](podman-image.1.md) | Manage images. | 348 | [podman-images(1)](podman-images.1.md) | List images in local storage. | 349 | [podman-import(1)](podman-import.1.md) | Import a tarball and save it as a filesystem image. | 350 | [podman-info(1)](podman-info.1.md) | Display Podman related system information. | 351 | [podman-init(1)](podman-init.1.md) | Initialize one or more containers | 352 | [podman-inspect(1)](podman-inspect.1.md) | Display a container, image, volume, network, or pod's configuration. | 353 | [podman-kill(1)](podman-kill.1.md) | Kill the main process in one or more containers. | 354 | [podman-load(1)](podman-load.1.md) | Load image(s) from a tar archive into container storage. | 355 | [podman-login(1)](podman-login.1.md) | Log in to a container registry. | 356 | [podman-logout(1)](podman-logout.1.md) | Log out of a container registry. | 357 | [podman-logs(1)](podman-logs.1.md) | Display the logs of one or more containers. | 358 | [podman-machine(1)](podman-machine.1.md) | Manage Podman's virtual machine | 359 | [podman-manifest(1)](podman-manifest.1.md) | Create and manipulate manifest lists and image indexes. | 360 | [podman-mount(1)](podman-mount.1.md) | Mount a working container's root filesystem. | 361 | [podman-network(1)](podman-network.1.md) | Manage Podman networks. | 362 | [podman-pause(1)](podman-pause.1.md) | Pause one or more containers. | 363 | [podman-kube(1)](podman-kube.1.md) | Play containers, pods or volumes based on a structured input file. | 364 | [podman-pod(1)](podman-pod.1.md) | Management tool for groups of containers, called pods. | 365 | [podman-port(1)](podman-port.1.md) | List port mappings for a container. | 366 | [podman-ps(1)](podman-ps.1.md) | Print out information about containers. | 367 | [podman-pull(1)](podman-pull.1.md) | Pull an image from a registry. | 368 | [podman-push(1)](podman-push.1.md) | Push an image, manifest list or image index from local storage to elsewhere.| 369 | [podman-rename(1)](podman-rename.1.md) | Rename an existing container. | 370 | [podman-restart(1)](podman-restart.1.md) | Restart one or more containers. | 371 | [podman-rm(1)](podman-rm.1.md) | Remove one or more containers. | 372 | [podman-rmi(1)](podman-rmi.1.md) | Remove one or more locally stored images. | 373 | [podman-run(1)](podman-run.1.md) | Run a command in a new container. | 374 | [podman-save(1)](podman-save.1.md) | Save image(s) to an archive. | 375 | [podman-search(1)](podman-search.1.md) | Search a registry for an image. | 376 | [podman-secret(1)](podman-secret.1.md) | Manage podman secrets. | 377 | [podman-start(1)](podman-start.1.md) | Start one or more containers. | 378 | [podman-stats(1)](podman-stats.1.md) | Display a live stream of one or more container's resource usage statistics. | 379 | [podman-stop(1)](podman-stop.1.md) | Stop one or more running containers. | 380 | [podman-system(1)](podman-system.1.md) | Manage podman. | 381 | [podman-tag(1)](podman-tag.1.md) | Add an additional name to a local image. | 382 | [podman-top(1)](podman-top.1.md) | Display the running processes of a container. | 383 | [podman-unmount(1)](podman-unmount.1.md) | Unmount a working container's root filesystem. | 384 | [podman-unpause(1)](podman-unpause.1.md) | Unpause one or more containers. | 385 | [podman-unshare(1)](podman-unshare.1.md) | Run a command inside of a modified user namespace. | 386 | [podman-untag(1)](podman-untag.1.md) | Remove one or more names from a locally-stored image. | 387 | [podman-update(1)](podman-update.1.md) | Update the configuration of a given container. | 388 | [podman-version(1)](podman-version.1.md) | Display the Podman version information. | 389 | [podman-volume(1)](podman-volume.1.md) | Simple management tool for volumes. | 390 | [podman-wait(1)](podman-wait.1.md) | Wait on one or more containers to stop and print their exit codes. | 391 392 ## CONFIGURATION FILES 393 394 **containers.conf** (`/usr/share/containers/containers.conf`, `/etc/containers/containers.conf`, `$HOME/.config/containers/containers.conf`) 395 396 Podman has builtin defaults for command line options. These defaults can be overridden using the containers.conf configuration files. 397 398 Distributions ship the `/usr/share/containers/containers.conf` file with their default settings. Administrators can override fields in this file by creating the `/etc/containers/containers.conf` file. Users can further modify defaults by creating the `$HOME/.config/containers/containers.conf` file. Podman merges its builtin defaults with the specified fields from these files, if they exist. Fields specified in the users file override the administrator's file, which overrides the distribution's file, which override the built-in defaults. 399 400 Podman uses builtin defaults if no containers.conf file is found. 401 402 If the **CONTAINERS_CONF** environment variable is set, then its value is used for the containers.conf file rather than the default. 403 404 **mounts.conf** (`/usr/share/containers/mounts.conf`) 405 406 The mounts.conf file specifies volume mount directories that are automatically mounted inside containers when executing the `podman run` or `podman start` commands. Administrators can override the defaults file by creating `/etc/containers/mounts.conf`. 407 408 When Podman runs in rootless mode, the file `$HOME/.config/containers/mounts.conf` overrides the default if it exists. For details, see containers-mounts.conf(5). 409 410 **policy.json** (`/etc/containers/policy.json`) 411 412 Signature verification policy files are used to specify policy, e.g. trusted keys, applicable when deciding whether to accept an image, or individual signatures of that image, as valid. 413 414 **registries.conf** (`/etc/containers/registries.conf`, `$HOME/.config/containers/registries.conf`) 415 416 registries.conf is the configuration file which specifies which container registries is consulted when completing image names which do not include a registry or domain portion. 417 418 Non root users of Podman can create the `$HOME/.config/containers/registries.conf` file to be used instead of the system defaults. 419 420 If the **CONTAINERS_REGISTRIES_CONF** environment variable is set, then its value is used for the registries.conf file rather than the default. 421 422 **storage.conf** (`/etc/containers/storage.conf`, `$HOME/.config/containers/storage.conf`) 423 424 storage.conf is the storage configuration file for all tools using containers/storage 425 426 The storage configuration file specifies all of the available container storage options for tools using shared container storage. 427 428 When Podman runs in rootless mode, the file `$HOME/.config/containers/storage.conf` is used instead of the system defaults. 429 430 If the **CONTAINERS_STORAGE_CONF** environment variable is set, then its value is used for the storage.conf file rather than the default. 431 432 ## Rootless mode 433 Podman can also be used as non-root user. When podman runs in rootless mode, a user namespace is automatically created for the user, defined in /etc/subuid and /etc/subgid. 434 435 Containers created by a non-root user are not visible to other users and are not seen or managed by Podman running as root. 436 437 It is required to have multiple UIDS/GIDS set for a user. Be sure the user is present in the files `/etc/subuid` and `/etc/subgid`. 438 439 Execute the following commands to add the ranges to the files 440 441 $ sudo usermod --add-subuids 10000-75535 USERNAME 442 $ sudo usermod --add-subgids 10000-75535 USERNAME 443 444 Or just add the content manually. 445 446 $ echo USERNAME:10000:65536 >> /etc/subuid 447 $ echo USERNAME:10000:65536 >> /etc/subgid 448 449 See the `subuid(5)` and `subgid(5)` man pages for more information. 450 451 452 453 Note: whitespace in any row of /etc/subuid or /etc/subgid, including trailing blanks, may result in no entry failures. 454 455 Images are pulled under `XDG_DATA_HOME` when specified, otherwise in the home directory of the user under `.local/share/containers/storage`. 456 457 Currently slirp4netns or pasta is required to be installed to create a network 458 device, otherwise rootless containers need to run in the network namespace of 459 the host. 460 461 In certain environments like HPC (High Performance Computing), users cannot take advantage of the additional UIDs and GIDs from the /etc/subuid and /etc/subgid systems. However, in this environment, rootless Podman can operate with a single UID. To make this work, set the `ignore_chown_errors` option in the `containers-storage.conf(5)` file. This option tells Podman when pulling an image to ignore chown errors when attempting to change a file in a container image to match the non-root UID in the image. This means all files get saved as the user's UID. Note this can cause issues when running the container. 462 463 ### **NOTE:** Unsupported file systems in rootless mode 464 465 The Overlay file system (OverlayFS) is not supported with kernels prior to 5.12.9 in rootless mode. The fuse-overlayfs package is a tool that provides the functionality of OverlayFS in user namespace that allows mounting file systems in rootless environments. It is recommended to install the fuse-overlayfs package. In rootless mode, Podman automatically uses the fuse-overlayfs program as the mount_program if installed, as long as the $HOME/.config/containers/storage.conf file was not previously created. If storage.conf exists in the homedir, add `mount_program = "/usr/bin/fuse-overlayfs"` under `[storage.options.overlay]` to enable this feature. 466 467 The Network File System (NFS) and other distributed file systems (for example: Lustre, Spectrum Scale, the General Parallel File System (GPFS)) are not supported when running in rootless mode as these file systems do not understand user namespace. However, rootless Podman can make use of an NFS Homedir by modifying the `$HOME/.config/containers/storage.conf` to have the `graphroot` option point to a directory stored on local (Non NFS) storage. 468 469 For more information, see the [Podman Troubleshooting Page](https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/troubleshooting.md). 470 471 ## SEE ALSO 472 **[containers-mounts.conf(5)](https://github.com/containers/common/blob/main/docs/containers-mounts.conf.5.md)**, **[containers.conf(5)](https://github.com/containers/common/blob/main/docs/containers.conf.5.md)**, **[containers-registries.conf(5)](https://github.com/containers/image/blob/main/docs/containers-registries.conf.5.md)**, **[containers-storage.conf(5)](https://github.com/containers/storage/blob/main/docs/containers-storage.conf.5.md)**, **[buildah(1)](https://github.com/containers/buildah/blob/main/docs/buildah.1.md)**, **oci-hooks(5)**, **[containers-policy.json(5)](https://github.com/containers/image/blob/main/docs/containers-policy.json.5.md)**, **[crun(1)](https://github.com/containers/crun/blob/main/crun.1.md)**, **[runc(8)](https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/blob/main/man/runc.8.md)**, **[subuid(5)](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/5/subuid)**, **[subgid(5)](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/5/subgid)**, **[slirp4netns(1)](https://github.com/rootless-containers/slirp4netns/blob/master/slirp4netns.1.md)**, **[pasta(1)](https://passt.top/builds/latest/web/passt.1.html)**, **[conmon(8)](https://github.com/containers/conmon/blob/main/docs/conmon.8.md)** 473 474 ## HISTORY 475 Dec 2016, Originally compiled by Dan Walsh <dwalsh@redhat.com>