github.com/dominant-strategies/go-quai@v0.28.2/core/rawdb/database.go

// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package rawdb

import (
	"bytes"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"github.com/dominant-strategies/go-quai/common"
	"github.com/dominant-strategies/go-quai/ethdb"
	"github.com/dominant-strategies/go-quai/ethdb/leveldb"
	"github.com/dominant-strategies/go-quai/ethdb/memorydb"
	"github.com/dominant-strategies/go-quai/log"
	"github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter"
)

// freezerdb is a database wrapper that enabled freezer data retrievals.
type freezerdb struct {
	ethdb.KeyValueStore
	ethdb.AncientStore
}

// Close implements io.Closer, closing both the fast key-value store as well as
// the slow ancient tables.
func (frdb *freezerdb) Close() error {
	var errs []error
	if err := frdb.AncientStore.Close(); err != nil {
		errs = append(errs, err)
	}
	if err := frdb.KeyValueStore.Close(); err != nil {
		errs = append(errs, err)
	}
	if len(errs) != 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("%v", errs)
	}
	return nil
}

// Freeze is a helper method used for external testing to trigger and block until
// a freeze cycle completes, without having to sleep for a minute to trigger the
// automatic background run.
func (frdb *freezerdb) Freeze(threshold uint64) error {
	if frdb.AncientStore.(*freezer).readonly {
		return errReadOnly
	}
	// Set the freezer threshold to a temporary value
	defer func(old uint64) {
		atomic.StoreUint64(&frdb.AncientStore.(*freezer).threshold, old)
	}(atomic.LoadUint64(&frdb.AncientStore.(*freezer).threshold))
	atomic.StoreUint64(&frdb.AncientStore.(*freezer).threshold, threshold)

	// Trigger a freeze cycle and block until it's done
	trigger := make(chan struct{}, 1)
	frdb.AncientStore.(*freezer).trigger <- trigger
	<-trigger
	return nil
}

// nofreezedb is a database wrapper that disables freezer data retrievals.
type nofreezedb struct {
	ethdb.KeyValueStore
}

// HasAncient returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
func (db *nofreezedb) HasAncient(kind string, number uint64) (bool, error) {
	return false, errNotSupported
}

// Ancient returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
func (db *nofreezedb) Ancient(kind string, number uint64) ([]byte, error) {
	return nil, errNotSupported
}

// Ancients returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
func (db *nofreezedb) Ancients() (uint64, error) {
	return 0, errNotSupported
}

// AncientSize returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
func (db *nofreezedb) AncientSize(kind string) (uint64, error) {
	return 0, errNotSupported
}

// AppendAncient returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
func (db *nofreezedb) AppendAncient(number uint64, hash, header, body, receipts, etxSet []byte) error {
	return errNotSupported
}

// TruncateAncients returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
func (db *nofreezedb) TruncateAncients(items uint64) error {
	return errNotSupported
}

// Sync returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
func (db *nofreezedb) Sync() error {
	return errNotSupported
}

// NewDatabase creates a high level database on top of a given key-value data
// store without a freezer moving immutable chain segments into cold storage.
func NewDatabase(db ethdb.KeyValueStore) ethdb.Database {
	return &nofreezedb{
		KeyValueStore: db,
	}
}

// NewDatabaseWithFreezer creates a high level database on top of a given key-
// value data store with a freezer moving immutable chain segments into cold
// storage.
func NewDatabaseWithFreezer(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, freezer string, namespace string, readonly bool) (ethdb.Database, error) {
	// Create the idle freezer instance
	frdb, err := newFreezer(freezer, namespace, readonly)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Since the freezer can be stored separately from the user's key-value database,
	// there's a fairly high probability that the user requests invalid combinations
	// of the freezer and database. Ensure that we don't shoot ourselves in the foot
	// by serving up conflicting data, leading to both datastores getting corrupted.
	//
	//   - If both the freezer and key-value store is empty (no genesis), we just
	//     initialized a new empty freezer, so everything's fine.
	//   - If the key-value store is empty, but the freezer is not, we need to make
	//     sure the user's genesis matches the freezer. That will be checked in the
	//     blockchain, since we don't have the genesis block here (nor should we at
	//     this point care, the key-value/freezer combo is valid).
	//   - If neither the key-value store nor the freezer is empty, cross validate
	//     the genesis hashes to make sure they are compatible. If they are, also
	//     ensure that there's no gap between the freezer and sunsequently leveldb.
	//   - If the key-value store is not empty, but the freezer is we might just be
	//     upgrading to the freezer release, or we might have had a small chain and
	//     not frozen anything yet. Ensure that no blocks are missing yet from the
	//     key-value store, since that would mean we already had an old freezer.

	// If the genesis hash is empty, we have a new key-value store, so nothing to
	// validate in this method. If, however, the genesis hash is not nil, compare
	// it to the freezer content.
	if kvgenesis, _ := db.Get(headerHashKey(0)); len(kvgenesis) > 0 {
		if frozen, _ := frdb.Ancients(); frozen > 0 {
			// If the freezer already contains something, ensure that the genesis blocks
			// match, otherwise we might mix up freezers across chains and destroy both
			// the freezer and the key-value store.
			frgenesis, err := frdb.Ancient(freezerHashTable, 0)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve genesis from ancient %v", err)
			} else if !bytes.Equal(kvgenesis, frgenesis) {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("genesis mismatch: %#x (leveldb) != %#x (ancients)", kvgenesis, frgenesis)
			}
			// Key-value store and freezer belong to the same network. Ensure that they
			// are contiguous, otherwise we might end up with a non-functional freezer.
			if kvhash, _ := db.Get(headerHashKey(frozen)); len(kvhash) == 0 {
				// Subsequent header after the freezer limit is missing from the database.
				// Reject startup is the database has a more recent head.
				if *ReadHeaderNumber(db, ReadHeadHeaderHash(db)) > frozen-1 {
					return nil, fmt.Errorf("gap (#%d) in the chain between ancients and leveldb", frozen)
				}
				// Database contains only older data than the freezer, this happens if the
				// state was wiped and reinited from an existing freezer.
			}
			// Otherwise, key-value store continues where the freezer left off, all is fine.
			// We might have duplicate blocks (crash after freezer write but before key-value
			// store deletion, but that's fine).
		} else {
			// If the freezer is empty, ensure nothing was moved yet from the key-value
			// store, otherwise we'll end up missing data. We check block #1 to decide
			// if we froze anything previously or not, but do take care of databases with
			// only the genesis block.
			if ReadHeadHeaderHash(db) != common.BytesToHash(kvgenesis) {
				// Key-value store contains more data than the genesis block, make sure we
				// didn't freeze anything yet.
				if kvblob, _ := db.Get(headerHashKey(1)); len(kvblob) == 0 {
					return nil, errors.New("ancient chain segments already extracted, please set --datadir.ancient to the correct path")
				}
				// Block #1 is still in the database, we're allowed to init a new feezer
			}
			// Otherwise, the head header is still the genesis, we're allowed to init a new
			// feezer.
		}
	}
	return &freezerdb{
		KeyValueStore: db,
		AncientStore:  frdb,
	}, nil
}

// NewMemoryDatabase creates an ephemeral in-memory key-value database without a
// freezer moving immutable chain segments into cold storage.
func NewMemoryDatabase() ethdb.Database {
	return NewDatabase(memorydb.New())
}

// NewMemoryDatabaseWithCap creates an ephemeral in-memory key-value database
// with an initial starting capacity, but without a freezer moving immutable
// chain segments into cold storage.
func NewMemoryDatabaseWithCap(size int) ethdb.Database {
	return NewDatabase(memorydb.NewWithCap(size))
}

// NewLevelDBDatabase creates a persistent key-value database without a freezer
// moving immutable chain segments into cold storage.
func NewLevelDBDatabase(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, readonly bool) (ethdb.Database, error) {
	db, err := leveldb.New(file, cache, handles, namespace, readonly)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	log.Info("Using LevelDB as the backing database")
	return NewDatabase(db), nil
}

const (
	dbPebble  = "pebble"
	dbLeveldb = "leveldb"
)

// hasPreexistingDb checks the given data directory whether a database is already
// instantiated at that location, and if so, returns the type of database (or the
// empty string).
func hasPreexistingDb(path string) string {
	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(path, "CURRENT")); err != nil {
		return "" // No pre-existing db
	}
	if matches, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(path, "OPTIONS*")); len(matches) > 0 || err != nil {
		if err != nil {
			panic(err) // only possible if the pattern is malformed
		}
		return dbPebble
	}
	return dbLeveldb
}

// OpenOptions contains the options to apply when opening a database.
// OBS: If AncientsDirectory is empty, it indicates that no freezer is to be used.
type OpenOptions struct {
	Type              string // "leveldb" | "pebble"
	Directory         string // the datadir
	AncientsDirectory string // the ancients-dir
	Namespace         string // the namespace for database relevant metrics
	Cache             int    // the capacity(in megabytes) of the data caching
	Handles           int    // number of files to be open simultaneously
	ReadOnly          bool
}

// openKeyValueDatabase opens a disk-based key-value database, e.g. leveldb or pebble.
//
//	                      type == null          type != null
//	                   +----------------------------------------
//	db is non-existent |  leveldb default  |  specified type
//	db is existent     |  from db          |  specified type (if compatible)
func openKeyValueDatabase(o OpenOptions) (ethdb.Database, error) {
	existingDb := hasPreexistingDb(o.Directory)
	if len(existingDb) != 0 && len(o.Type) != 0 && o.Type != existingDb {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("db.engine choice was %v but found pre-existing %v database in specified data directory", o.Type, existingDb)
	}
	if o.Type == dbPebble || existingDb == dbPebble {
		if PebbleEnabled {
			log.Info("Using pebble as the backing database")
			return NewPebbleDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
		} else {
			return nil, errors.New("db.engine 'pebble' not supported on this platform")
		}
	}
	if len(o.Type) != 0 && o.Type != dbLeveldb {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown db.engine %v", o.Type)
	}
	log.Info("Using leveldb as the backing database")
	// Use leveldb, either as default (no explicit choice), or pre-existing, or chosen explicitly
	return NewLevelDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
}

// Open opens both a disk-based key-value database such as leveldb or pebble, but also
// integrates it with a freezer database -- if the AncientDir option has been
// set on the provided OpenOptions.
// The passed o.AncientDir indicates the path of root ancient directory where
// the chain freezer can be opened.
func Open(o OpenOptions) (ethdb.Database, error) {
	kvdb, err := openKeyValueDatabase(o)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if len(o.AncientsDirectory) == 0 {
		return kvdb, nil
	}
	frdb, err := NewDatabaseWithFreezer(kvdb, o.AncientsDirectory, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
	if err != nil {
		kvdb.Close()
		return nil, err
	}
	return frdb, nil
}

type counter uint64

func (c counter) String() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", c)
}

func (c counter) Percentage(current uint64) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", current*100/uint64(c))
}

// stat stores sizes and count for a parameter
type stat struct {
	size  common.StorageSize
	count counter
}

// Add size to the stat and increase the counter by 1
func (s *stat) Add(size common.StorageSize) {
	s.size += size
	s.count++
}

func (s *stat) Size() string {
	return s.size.String()
}

func (s *stat) Count() string {
	return s.count.String()
}

// InspectDatabase traverses the entire database and checks the size
// of all different categories of data.
func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
	it := db.NewIterator(keyPrefix, keyStart)
	defer it.Release()

	var (
		count  int64
		start  = time.Now()
		logged = time.Now()

		// Key-value store statistics
		headers         stat
		bodies          stat
		receipts        stat
		tds             stat
		numHashPairings stat
		hashNumPairings stat
		tries           stat
		codes           stat
		txLookups       stat
		accountSnaps    stat
		storageSnaps    stat
		preimages       stat
		bloomBits       stat

		// Ancient store statistics
		ancientHeadersSize  common.StorageSize
		ancientBodiesSize   common.StorageSize
		ancientReceiptsSize common.StorageSize
		ancientTdsSize      common.StorageSize
		ancientHashesSize   common.StorageSize

		// Les statistic
		chtTrieNodes   stat
		bloomTrieNodes stat

		// Meta- and unaccounted data
		metadata    stat
		unaccounted stat

		// Totals
		total common.StorageSize
	)
	// Inspect key-value database first.
	for it.Next() {
		var (
			key  = it.Key()
			size = common.StorageSize(len(key) + len(it.Value()))
		)
		total += size
		switch {
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, headerPrefix) && len(key) == (len(headerPrefix)+8+common.HashLength):
			headers.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, blockBodyPrefix) && len(key) == (len(blockBodyPrefix)+8+common.HashLength):
			bodies.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, blockReceiptsPrefix) && len(key) == (len(blockReceiptsPrefix)+8+common.HashLength):
			receipts.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, headerPrefix) && bytes.HasSuffix(key, headerTDSuffix):
			tds.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, headerPrefix) && bytes.HasSuffix(key, headerHashSuffix):
			numHashPairings.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, headerNumberPrefix) && len(key) == (len(headerNumberPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			hashNumPairings.Add(size)
		case len(key) == common.HashLength:
			tries.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, CodePrefix) && len(key) == len(CodePrefix)+common.HashLength:
			codes.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, txLookupPrefix) && len(key) == (len(txLookupPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			txLookups.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, SnapshotAccountPrefix) && len(key) == (len(SnapshotAccountPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			accountSnaps.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, SnapshotStoragePrefix) && len(key) == (len(SnapshotStoragePrefix)+2*common.HashLength):
			storageSnaps.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, preimagePrefix) && len(key) == (len(preimagePrefix)+common.HashLength):
			preimages.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, configPrefix) && len(key) == (len(configPrefix)+common.HashLength):
			metadata.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, bloomBitsPrefix) && len(key) == (len(bloomBitsPrefix)+10+common.HashLength):
			bloomBits.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, BloomBitsIndexPrefix):
			bloomBits.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, []byte("cht-")) ||
			bytes.HasPrefix(key, []byte("chtIndexV2-")) ||
			bytes.HasPrefix(key, []byte("chtRootV2-")): // Canonical hash trie
			chtTrieNodes.Add(size)
		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, []byte("blt-")) ||
			bytes.HasPrefix(key, []byte("bltIndex-")) ||
			bytes.HasPrefix(key, []byte("bltRoot-")): // Bloomtrie sub
			bloomTrieNodes.Add(size)
		default:
			var accounted bool
			for _, meta := range [][]byte{
				databaseVersionKey, headHeaderKey, headBlockKey, lastPivotKey,
				fastTrieProgressKey, snapshotDisabledKey, snapshotRootKey, snapshotJournalKey,
				snapshotGeneratorKey, snapshotRecoveryKey, txIndexTailKey, fastTxLookupLimitKey,
				uncleanShutdownKey, badBlockKey,
			} {
				if bytes.Equal(key, meta) {
					metadata.Add(size)
					accounted = true
					break
				}
			}
			if !accounted {
				unaccounted.Add(size)
			}
		}
		count++
		if count%1000 == 0 && time.Since(logged) > 8*time.Second {
			log.Info("Inspecting database", "count", count, "elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(start)))
			logged = time.Now()
		}
	}
	// Inspect append-only file store then.
	ancientSizes := []*common.StorageSize{&ancientHeadersSize, &ancientBodiesSize, &ancientReceiptsSize, &ancientHashesSize, &ancientTdsSize}
	for i, category := range []string{freezerHeaderTable, freezerBodiesTable, freezerReceiptTable, freezerHashTable, freezerDifficultyTable, freezerEtxSetsTable} {
		if size, err := db.AncientSize(category); err == nil {
			*ancientSizes[i] += common.StorageSize(size)
			total += common.StorageSize(size)
		}
	}
	// Get number of ancient rows inside the freezer
	ancients := counter(0)
	if count, err := db.Ancients(); err == nil {
		ancients = counter(count)
	}
	// Display the database statistic.
	stats := [][]string{
		{"Key-Value store", "Headers", headers.Size(), headers.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Bodies", bodies.Size(), bodies.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Receipt lists", receipts.Size(), receipts.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Difficulties", tds.Size(), tds.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Block number->hash", numHashPairings.Size(), numHashPairings.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Block hash->number", hashNumPairings.Size(), hashNumPairings.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Transaction index", txLookups.Size(), txLookups.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Bloombit index", bloomBits.Size(), bloomBits.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Contract codes", codes.Size(), codes.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Trie nodes", tries.Size(), tries.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Trie preimages", preimages.Size(), preimages.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Account snapshot", accountSnaps.Size(), accountSnaps.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Storage snapshot", storageSnaps.Size(), storageSnaps.Count()},
		{"Key-Value store", "Singleton metadata", metadata.Size(), metadata.Count()},
		{"Ancient store", "Headers", ancientHeadersSize.String(), ancients.String()},
		{"Ancient store", "Bodies", ancientBodiesSize.String(), ancients.String()},
		{"Ancient store", "Receipt lists", ancientReceiptsSize.String(), ancients.String()},
		{"Ancient store", "Difficulties", ancientTdsSize.String(), ancients.String()},
		{"Ancient store", "Block number->hash", ancientHashesSize.String(), ancients.String()},
		{"Light client", "CHT trie nodes", chtTrieNodes.Size(), chtTrieNodes.Count()},
		{"Light client", "Bloom trie nodes", bloomTrieNodes.Size(), bloomTrieNodes.Count()},
	}
	table := tablewriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
	table.SetHeader([]string{"Database", "Category", "Size", "Items"})
	table.SetFooter([]string{"", "Total", total.String(), " "})
	table.AppendBulk(stats)
	table.Render()

	if unaccounted.size > 0 {
		log.Error("Database contains unaccounted data", "size", unaccounted.size, "count", unaccounted.count)
	}

	return nil
}