github.com/dotlike13/wemix30_go@v1.8.23/p2p/discover/udp.go (about)

     1  // Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
     2  // This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
     3  //
     4  // The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
     5  // it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
     6  // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
     7  // (at your option) any later version.
     8  //
     9  // The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    10  // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    11  // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
    12  // GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
    13  //
    14  // You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
    15  // along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
    16  
    17  package discover
    18  
    19  import (
    20  	"bytes"
    21  	"container/list"
    22  	"crypto/ecdsa"
    23  	"errors"
    24  	"fmt"
    25  	"net"
    26  	"sync"
    27  	"time"
    28  
    29  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
    30  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
    31  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/enode"
    32  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/netutil"
    33  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
    34  )
    35  
    36  // Errors
    37  var (
    38  	errPacketTooSmall   = errors.New("too small")
    39  	errBadHash          = errors.New("bad hash")
    40  	errExpired          = errors.New("expired")
    41  	errUnsolicitedReply = errors.New("unsolicited reply")
    42  	errUnknownNode      = errors.New("unknown node")
    43  	errTimeout          = errors.New("RPC timeout")
    44  	errClockWarp        = errors.New("reply deadline too far in the future")
    45  	errClosed           = errors.New("socket closed")
    46  )
    47  
    48  // Timeouts
    49  const (
    50  	respTimeout    = 500 * time.Millisecond
    51  	expiration     = 20 * time.Second
    52  	bondExpiration = 24 * time.Hour
    53  
    54  	ntpFailureThreshold = 32               // Continuous timeouts after which to check NTP
    55  	ntpWarningCooldown  = 10 * time.Minute // Minimum amount of time to pass before repeating NTP warning
    56  	driftThreshold      = 10 * time.Second // Allowed clock drift before warning user
    57  )
    58  
    59  // RPC packet types
    60  const (
    61  	pingPacket = iota + 1 // zero is 'reserved'
    62  	pongPacket
    63  	findnodePacket
    64  	neighborsPacket
    65  )
    66  
    67  // RPC request structures
    68  type (
    69  	ping struct {
    70  		senderKey *ecdsa.PublicKey // filled in by preverify
    71  
    72  		Version    uint
    73  		From, To   rpcEndpoint
    74  		Expiration uint64
    75  		// Ignore additional fields (for forward compatibility).
    76  		Rest []rlp.RawValue `rlp:"tail"`
    77  	}
    78  
    79  	// pong is the reply to ping.
    80  	pong struct {
    81  		// This field should mirror the UDP envelope address
    82  		// of the ping packet, which provides a way to discover the
    83  		// the external address (after NAT).
    84  		To rpcEndpoint
    85  
    86  		ReplyTok   []byte // This contains the hash of the ping packet.
    87  		Expiration uint64 // Absolute timestamp at which the packet becomes invalid.
    88  		// Ignore additional fields (for forward compatibility).
    89  		Rest []rlp.RawValue `rlp:"tail"`
    90  	}
    91  
    92  	// findnode is a query for nodes close to the given target.
    93  	findnode struct {
    94  		Target     encPubkey
    95  		Expiration uint64
    96  		// Ignore additional fields (for forward compatibility).
    97  		Rest []rlp.RawValue `rlp:"tail"`
    98  	}
    99  
   100  	// reply to findnode
   101  	neighbors struct {
   102  		Nodes      []rpcNode
   103  		Expiration uint64
   104  		// Ignore additional fields (for forward compatibility).
   105  		Rest []rlp.RawValue `rlp:"tail"`
   106  	}
   107  
   108  	rpcNode struct {
   109  		IP  net.IP // len 4 for IPv4 or 16 for IPv6
   110  		UDP uint16 // for discovery protocol
   111  		TCP uint16 // for RLPx protocol
   112  		ID  encPubkey
   113  	}
   114  
   115  	rpcEndpoint struct {
   116  		IP  net.IP // len 4 for IPv4 or 16 for IPv6
   117  		UDP uint16 // for discovery protocol
   118  		TCP uint16 // for RLPx protocol
   119  	}
   120  )
   121  
   122  func makeEndpoint(addr *net.UDPAddr, tcpPort uint16) rpcEndpoint {
   123  	ip := net.IP{}
   124  	if ip4 := addr.IP.To4(); ip4 != nil {
   125  		ip = ip4
   126  	} else if ip6 := addr.IP.To16(); ip6 != nil {
   127  		ip = ip6
   128  	}
   129  	return rpcEndpoint{IP: ip, UDP: uint16(addr.Port), TCP: tcpPort}
   130  }
   131  
   132  func (t *udp) nodeFromRPC(sender *net.UDPAddr, rn rpcNode) (*node, error) {
   133  	if rn.UDP <= 1024 {
   134  		return nil, errors.New("low port")
   135  	}
   136  	if err := netutil.CheckRelayIP(sender.IP, rn.IP); err != nil {
   137  		return nil, err
   138  	}
   139  	if t.netrestrict != nil && !t.netrestrict.Contains(rn.IP) {
   140  		return nil, errors.New("not contained in netrestrict whitelist")
   141  	}
   142  	key, err := decodePubkey(rn.ID)
   143  	if err != nil {
   144  		return nil, err
   145  	}
   146  	n := wrapNode(enode.NewV4(key, rn.IP, int(rn.TCP), int(rn.UDP)))
   147  	err = n.ValidateComplete()
   148  	return n, err
   149  }
   150  
   151  func nodeToRPC(n *node) rpcNode {
   152  	var key ecdsa.PublicKey
   153  	var ekey encPubkey
   154  	if err := n.Load((*enode.Secp256k1)(&key)); err == nil {
   155  		ekey = encodePubkey(&key)
   156  	}
   157  	return rpcNode{ID: ekey, IP: n.IP(), UDP: uint16(n.UDP()), TCP: uint16(n.TCP())}
   158  }
   159  
   160  // packet is implemented by all protocol messages.
   161  type packet interface {
   162  	// preverify checks whether the packet is valid and should be handled at all.
   163  	preverify(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, fromKey encPubkey) error
   164  	// handle handles the packet.
   165  	handle(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, mac []byte)
   166  	// name returns the name of the packet for logging purposes.
   167  	name() string
   168  }
   169  
   170  type conn interface {
   171  	ReadFromUDP(b []byte) (n int, addr *net.UDPAddr, err error)
   172  	WriteToUDP(b []byte, addr *net.UDPAddr) (n int, err error)
   173  	Close() error
   174  	LocalAddr() net.Addr
   175  }
   176  
   177  // udp implements the discovery v4 UDP wire protocol.
   178  type udp struct {
   179  	conn        conn
   180  	netrestrict *netutil.Netlist
   181  	priv        *ecdsa.PrivateKey
   182  	localNode   *enode.LocalNode
   183  	db          *enode.DB
   184  	tab         *Table
   185  	wg          sync.WaitGroup
   186  
   187  	addReplyMatcher chan *replyMatcher
   188  	gotreply        chan reply
   189  	closing         chan struct{}
   190  }
   191  
   192  // pending represents a pending reply.
   193  //
   194  // Some implementations of the protocol wish to send more than one
   195  // reply packet to findnode. In general, any neighbors packet cannot
   196  // be matched up with a specific findnode packet.
   197  //
   198  // Our implementation handles this by storing a callback function for
   199  // each pending reply. Incoming packets from a node are dispatched
   200  // to all callback functions for that node.
   201  type replyMatcher struct {
   202  	// these fields must match in the reply.
   203  	from  enode.ID
   204  	ip    net.IP
   205  	ptype byte
   206  
   207  	// time when the request must complete
   208  	deadline time.Time
   209  
   210  	// callback is called when a matching reply arrives. If it returns matched == true, the
   211  	// reply was acceptable. The second return value indicates whether the callback should
   212  	// be removed from the pending reply queue. If it returns false, the reply is considered
   213  	// incomplete and the callback will be invoked again for the next matching reply.
   214  	callback replyMatchFunc
   215  
   216  	// errc receives nil when the callback indicates completion or an
   217  	// error if no further reply is received within the timeout.
   218  	errc chan<- error
   219  }
   220  
   221  type replyMatchFunc func(interface{}) (matched bool, requestDone bool)
   222  
   223  type reply struct {
   224  	from  enode.ID
   225  	ip    net.IP
   226  	ptype byte
   227  	data  packet
   228  
   229  	// loop indicates whether there was
   230  	// a matching request by sending on this channel.
   231  	matched chan<- bool
   232  }
   233  
   234  // ReadPacket is sent to the unhandled channel when it could not be processed
   235  type ReadPacket struct {
   236  	Data []byte
   237  	Addr *net.UDPAddr
   238  }
   239  
   240  // Config holds Table-related settings.
   241  type Config struct {
   242  	// These settings are required and configure the UDP listener:
   243  	PrivateKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey
   244  
   245  	// These settings are optional:
   246  	NetRestrict *netutil.Netlist  // network whitelist
   247  	Bootnodes   []*enode.Node     // list of bootstrap nodes
   248  	Unhandled   chan<- ReadPacket // unhandled packets are sent on this channel
   249  }
   250  
   251  // ListenUDP returns a new table that listens for UDP packets on laddr.
   252  func ListenUDP(c conn, ln *enode.LocalNode, cfg Config) (*Table, error) {
   253  	tab, _, err := newUDP(c, ln, cfg)
   254  	if err != nil {
   255  		return nil, err
   256  	}
   257  	return tab, nil
   258  }
   259  
   260  func newUDP(c conn, ln *enode.LocalNode, cfg Config) (*Table, *udp, error) {
   261  	udp := &udp{
   262  		conn:            c,
   263  		priv:            cfg.PrivateKey,
   264  		netrestrict:     cfg.NetRestrict,
   265  		localNode:       ln,
   266  		db:              ln.Database(),
   267  		closing:         make(chan struct{}),
   268  		gotreply:        make(chan reply),
   269  		addReplyMatcher: make(chan *replyMatcher),
   270  	}
   271  	tab, err := newTable(udp, ln.Database(), cfg.Bootnodes)
   272  	if err != nil {
   273  		return nil, nil, err
   274  	}
   275  	udp.tab = tab
   276  
   277  	udp.wg.Add(2)
   278  	go udp.loop()
   279  	go udp.readLoop(cfg.Unhandled)
   280  	return udp.tab, udp, nil
   281  }
   282  
   283  func (t *udp) self() *enode.Node {
   284  	return t.localNode.Node()
   285  }
   286  
   287  func (t *udp) close() {
   288  	close(t.closing)
   289  	t.conn.Close()
   290  	t.wg.Wait()
   291  }
   292  
   293  func (t *udp) ourEndpoint() rpcEndpoint {
   294  	n := t.self()
   295  	a := &net.UDPAddr{IP: n.IP(), Port: n.UDP()}
   296  	return makeEndpoint(a, uint16(n.TCP()))
   297  }
   298  
   299  // ping sends a ping message to the given node and waits for a reply.
   300  func (t *udp) ping(toid enode.ID, toaddr *net.UDPAddr) error {
   301  	return <-t.sendPing(toid, toaddr, nil)
   302  }
   303  
   304  // sendPing sends a ping message to the given node and invokes the callback
   305  // when the reply arrives.
   306  func (t *udp) sendPing(toid enode.ID, toaddr *net.UDPAddr, callback func()) <-chan error {
   307  	req := &ping{
   308  		Version:    4,
   309  		From:       t.ourEndpoint(),
   310  		To:         makeEndpoint(toaddr, 0), // TODO: maybe use known TCP port from DB
   311  		Expiration: uint64(time.Now().Add(expiration).Unix()),
   312  	}
   313  	packet, hash, err := encodePacket(t.priv, pingPacket, req)
   314  	if err != nil {
   315  		errc := make(chan error, 1)
   316  		errc <- err
   317  		return errc
   318  	}
   319  	// Add a matcher for the reply to the pending reply queue. Pongs are matched if they
   320  	// reference the ping we're about to send.
   321  	errc := t.pending(toid, toaddr.IP, pongPacket, func(p interface{}) (matched bool, requestDone bool) {
   322  		matched = bytes.Equal(p.(*pong).ReplyTok, hash)
   323  		if matched && callback != nil {
   324  			callback()
   325  		}
   326  		return matched, matched
   327  	})
   328  	// Send the packet.
   329  	t.localNode.UDPContact(toaddr)
   330  	t.write(toaddr, toid, req.name(), packet)
   331  	return errc
   332  }
   333  
   334  // findnode sends a findnode request to the given node and waits until
   335  // the node has sent up to k neighbors.
   336  func (t *udp) findnode(toid enode.ID, toaddr *net.UDPAddr, target encPubkey) ([]*node, error) {
   337  	// If we haven't seen a ping from the destination node for a while, it won't remember
   338  	// our endpoint proof and reject findnode. Solicit a ping first.
   339  	if time.Since(t.db.LastPingReceived(toid, toaddr.IP)) > bondExpiration {
   340  		t.ping(toid, toaddr)
   341  		// Wait for them to ping back and process our pong.
   342  		time.Sleep(respTimeout)
   343  	}
   344  
   345  	// Add a matcher for 'neighbours' replies to the pending reply queue. The matcher is
   346  	// active until enough nodes have been received.
   347  	nodes := make([]*node, 0, bucketSize)
   348  	nreceived := 0
   349  	errc := t.pending(toid, toaddr.IP, neighborsPacket, func(r interface{}) (matched bool, requestDone bool) {
   350  		reply := r.(*neighbors)
   351  		for _, rn := range reply.Nodes {
   352  			nreceived++
   353  			n, err := t.nodeFromRPC(toaddr, rn)
   354  			if err != nil {
   355  				log.Trace("Invalid neighbor node received", "ip", rn.IP, "addr", toaddr, "err", err)
   356  				continue
   357  			}
   358  			nodes = append(nodes, n)
   359  		}
   360  		return true, nreceived >= bucketSize
   361  	})
   362  	t.send(toaddr, toid, findnodePacket, &findnode{
   363  		Target:     target,
   364  		Expiration: uint64(time.Now().Add(expiration).Unix()),
   365  	})
   366  	return nodes, <-errc
   367  }
   368  
   369  // pending adds a reply matcher to the pending reply queue.
   370  // see the documentation of type replyMatcher for a detailed explanation.
   371  func (t *udp) pending(id enode.ID, ip net.IP, ptype byte, callback replyMatchFunc) <-chan error {
   372  	ch := make(chan error, 1)
   373  	p := &replyMatcher{from: id, ip: ip, ptype: ptype, callback: callback, errc: ch}
   374  	select {
   375  	case t.addReplyMatcher <- p:
   376  		// loop will handle it
   377  	case <-t.closing:
   378  		ch <- errClosed
   379  	}
   380  	return ch
   381  }
   382  
   383  // handleReply dispatches a reply packet, invoking reply matchers. It returns
   384  // whether any matcher considered the packet acceptable.
   385  func (t *udp) handleReply(from enode.ID, fromIP net.IP, ptype byte, req packet) bool {
   386  	matched := make(chan bool, 1)
   387  	select {
   388  	case t.gotreply <- reply{from, fromIP, ptype, req, matched}:
   389  		// loop will handle it
   390  		return <-matched
   391  	case <-t.closing:
   392  		return false
   393  	}
   394  }
   395  
   396  // loop runs in its own goroutine. it keeps track of
   397  // the refresh timer and the pending reply queue.
   398  func (t *udp) loop() {
   399  	defer t.wg.Done()
   400  
   401  	var (
   402  		plist        = list.New()
   403  		timeout      = time.NewTimer(0)
   404  		nextTimeout  *replyMatcher // head of plist when timeout was last reset
   405  		contTimeouts = 0           // number of continuous timeouts to do NTP checks
   406  		ntpWarnTime  = time.Unix(0, 0)
   407  	)
   408  	<-timeout.C // ignore first timeout
   409  	defer timeout.Stop()
   410  
   411  	resetTimeout := func() {
   412  		if plist.Front() == nil || nextTimeout == plist.Front().Value {
   413  			return
   414  		}
   415  		// Start the timer so it fires when the next pending reply has expired.
   416  		now := time.Now()
   417  		for el := plist.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
   418  			nextTimeout = el.Value.(*replyMatcher)
   419  			if dist := nextTimeout.deadline.Sub(now); dist < 2*respTimeout {
   420  				timeout.Reset(dist)
   421  				return
   422  			}
   423  			// Remove pending replies whose deadline is too far in the
   424  			// future. These can occur if the system clock jumped
   425  			// backwards after the deadline was assigned.
   426  			nextTimeout.errc <- errClockWarp
   427  			plist.Remove(el)
   428  		}
   429  		nextTimeout = nil
   430  		timeout.Stop()
   431  	}
   432  
   433  	for {
   434  		resetTimeout()
   435  
   436  		select {
   437  		case <-t.closing:
   438  			for el := plist.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
   439  				el.Value.(*replyMatcher).errc <- errClosed
   440  			}
   441  			return
   442  
   443  		case p := <-t.addReplyMatcher:
   444  			p.deadline = time.Now().Add(respTimeout)
   445  			plist.PushBack(p)
   446  
   447  		case r := <-t.gotreply:
   448  			var matched bool // whether any replyMatcher considered the reply acceptable.
   449  			for el := plist.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
   450  				p := el.Value.(*replyMatcher)
   451  				if p.from == r.from && p.ptype == r.ptype && p.ip.Equal(r.ip) {
   452  					ok, requestDone := p.callback(r.data)
   453  					matched = matched || ok
   454  					// Remove the matcher if callback indicates that all replies have been received.
   455  					if requestDone {
   456  						p.errc <- nil
   457  						plist.Remove(el)
   458  					}
   459  					// Reset the continuous timeout counter (time drift detection)
   460  					contTimeouts = 0
   461  				}
   462  			}
   463  			r.matched <- matched
   464  
   465  		case now := <-timeout.C:
   466  			nextTimeout = nil
   467  
   468  			// Notify and remove callbacks whose deadline is in the past.
   469  			for el := plist.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
   470  				p := el.Value.(*replyMatcher)
   471  				if now.After(p.deadline) || now.Equal(p.deadline) {
   472  					p.errc <- errTimeout
   473  					plist.Remove(el)
   474  					contTimeouts++
   475  				}
   476  			}
   477  			// If we've accumulated too many timeouts, do an NTP time sync check
   478  			if contTimeouts > ntpFailureThreshold {
   479  				if time.Since(ntpWarnTime) >= ntpWarningCooldown {
   480  					ntpWarnTime = time.Now()
   481  					go checkClockDrift()
   482  				}
   483  				contTimeouts = 0
   484  			}
   485  		}
   486  	}
   487  }
   488  
   489  const (
   490  	macSize  = 256 / 8
   491  	sigSize  = 520 / 8
   492  	headSize = macSize + sigSize // space of packet frame data
   493  )
   494  
   495  var (
   496  	headSpace = make([]byte, headSize)
   497  
   498  	// Neighbors replies are sent across multiple packets to
   499  	// stay below the 1280 byte limit. We compute the maximum number
   500  	// of entries by stuffing a packet until it grows too large.
   501  	maxNeighbors int
   502  )
   503  
   504  func init() {
   505  	p := neighbors{Expiration: ^uint64(0)}
   506  	maxSizeNode := rpcNode{IP: make(net.IP, 16), UDP: ^uint16(0), TCP: ^uint16(0)}
   507  	for n := 0; ; n++ {
   508  		p.Nodes = append(p.Nodes, maxSizeNode)
   509  		size, _, err := rlp.EncodeToReader(p)
   510  		if err != nil {
   511  			// If this ever happens, it will be caught by the unit tests.
   512  			panic("cannot encode: " + err.Error())
   513  		}
   514  		if headSize+size+1 >= 1280 {
   515  			maxNeighbors = n
   516  			break
   517  		}
   518  	}
   519  }
   520  
   521  func (t *udp) send(toaddr *net.UDPAddr, toid enode.ID, ptype byte, req packet) ([]byte, error) {
   522  	packet, hash, err := encodePacket(t.priv, ptype, req)
   523  	if err != nil {
   524  		return hash, err
   525  	}
   526  	return hash, t.write(toaddr, toid, req.name(), packet)
   527  }
   528  
   529  func (t *udp) write(toaddr *net.UDPAddr, toid enode.ID, what string, packet []byte) error {
   530  	_, err := t.conn.WriteToUDP(packet, toaddr)
   531  	log.Trace(">> "+what, "id", toid, "addr", toaddr, "err", err)
   532  	return err
   533  }
   534  
   535  func encodePacket(priv *ecdsa.PrivateKey, ptype byte, req interface{}) (packet, hash []byte, err error) {
   536  	b := new(bytes.Buffer)
   537  	b.Write(headSpace)
   538  	b.WriteByte(ptype)
   539  	if err := rlp.Encode(b, req); err != nil {
   540  		log.Error("Can't encode discv4 packet", "err", err)
   541  		return nil, nil, err
   542  	}
   543  	packet = b.Bytes()
   544  	sig, err := crypto.Sign(crypto.Keccak256(packet[headSize:]), priv)
   545  	if err != nil {
   546  		log.Error("Can't sign discv4 packet", "err", err)
   547  		return nil, nil, err
   548  	}
   549  	copy(packet[macSize:], sig)
   550  	// add the hash to the front. Note: this doesn't protect the
   551  	// packet in any way. Our public key will be part of this hash in
   552  	// The future.
   553  	hash = crypto.Keccak256(packet[macSize:])
   554  	copy(packet, hash)
   555  	return packet, hash, nil
   556  }
   557  
   558  // readLoop runs in its own goroutine. it handles incoming UDP packets.
   559  func (t *udp) readLoop(unhandled chan<- ReadPacket) {
   560  	defer t.wg.Done()
   561  	if unhandled != nil {
   562  		defer close(unhandled)
   563  	}
   564  
   565  	// Discovery packets are defined to be no larger than 1280 bytes.
   566  	// Packets larger than this size will be cut at the end and treated
   567  	// as invalid because their hash won't match.
   568  	buf := make([]byte, 1280)
   569  	for {
   570  		nbytes, from, err := t.conn.ReadFromUDP(buf)
   571  		if netutil.IsTemporaryError(err) {
   572  			// Ignore temporary read errors.
   573  			log.Debug("Temporary UDP read error", "err", err)
   574  			continue
   575  		} else if err != nil {
   576  			// Shut down the loop for permament errors.
   577  			log.Debug("UDP read error", "err", err)
   578  			return
   579  		}
   580  		if t.handlePacket(from, buf[:nbytes]) != nil && unhandled != nil {
   581  			select {
   582  			case unhandled <- ReadPacket{buf[:nbytes], from}:
   583  			default:
   584  			}
   585  		}
   586  	}
   587  }
   588  
   589  func (t *udp) handlePacket(from *net.UDPAddr, buf []byte) error {
   590  	packet, fromKey, hash, err := decodePacket(buf)
   591  	if err != nil {
   592  		log.Debug("Bad discv4 packet", "addr", from, "err", err)
   593  		return err
   594  	}
   595  	fromID := fromKey.id()
   596  	if err == nil {
   597  		err = packet.preverify(t, from, fromID, fromKey)
   598  	}
   599  	log.Trace("<< "+packet.name(), "id", fromID, "addr", from, "err", err)
   600  	if err == nil {
   601  		packet.handle(t, from, fromID, hash)
   602  	}
   603  	return err
   604  }
   605  
   606  func decodePacket(buf []byte) (packet, encPubkey, []byte, error) {
   607  	if len(buf) < headSize+1 {
   608  		return nil, encPubkey{}, nil, errPacketTooSmall
   609  	}
   610  	hash, sig, sigdata := buf[:macSize], buf[macSize:headSize], buf[headSize:]
   611  	shouldhash := crypto.Keccak256(buf[macSize:])
   612  	if !bytes.Equal(hash, shouldhash) {
   613  		return nil, encPubkey{}, nil, errBadHash
   614  	}
   615  	fromKey, err := recoverNodeKey(crypto.Keccak256(buf[headSize:]), sig)
   616  	if err != nil {
   617  		return nil, fromKey, hash, err
   618  	}
   619  
   620  	var req packet
   621  	switch ptype := sigdata[0]; ptype {
   622  	case pingPacket:
   623  		req = new(ping)
   624  	case pongPacket:
   625  		req = new(pong)
   626  	case findnodePacket:
   627  		req = new(findnode)
   628  	case neighborsPacket:
   629  		req = new(neighbors)
   630  	default:
   631  		return nil, fromKey, hash, fmt.Errorf("unknown type: %d", ptype)
   632  	}
   633  	s := rlp.NewStream(bytes.NewReader(sigdata[1:]), 0)
   634  	err = s.Decode(req)
   635  	return req, fromKey, hash, err
   636  }
   637  
   638  // Packet Handlers
   639  
   640  func (req *ping) preverify(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, fromKey encPubkey) error {
   641  	if expired(req.Expiration) {
   642  		return errExpired
   643  	}
   644  	key, err := decodePubkey(fromKey)
   645  	if err != nil {
   646  		return errors.New("invalid public key")
   647  	}
   648  	req.senderKey = key
   649  	return nil
   650  }
   651  
   652  func (req *ping) handle(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, mac []byte) {
   653  	// Reply.
   654  	t.send(from, fromID, pongPacket, &pong{
   655  		To:         makeEndpoint(from, req.From.TCP),
   656  		ReplyTok:   mac,
   657  		Expiration: uint64(time.Now().Add(expiration).Unix()),
   658  	})
   659  
   660  	// Ping back if our last pong on file is too far in the past.
   661  	n := wrapNode(enode.NewV4(req.senderKey, from.IP, int(req.From.TCP), from.Port))
   662  	if time.Since(t.db.LastPongReceived(n.ID(), from.IP)) > bondExpiration {
   663  		t.sendPing(fromID, from, func() {
   664  			t.tab.addVerifiedNode(n)
   665  		})
   666  	} else {
   667  		t.tab.addVerifiedNode(n)
   668  	}
   669  
   670  	// Update node database and endpoint predictor.
   671  	t.db.UpdateLastPingReceived(n.ID(), from.IP, time.Now())
   672  	t.localNode.UDPEndpointStatement(from, &net.UDPAddr{IP: req.To.IP, Port: int(req.To.UDP)})
   673  }
   674  
   675  func (req *ping) name() string { return "PING/v4" }
   676  
   677  func (req *pong) preverify(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, fromKey encPubkey) error {
   678  	if expired(req.Expiration) {
   679  		return errExpired
   680  	}
   681  	if !t.handleReply(fromID, from.IP, pongPacket, req) {
   682  		return errUnsolicitedReply
   683  	}
   684  	return nil
   685  }
   686  
   687  func (req *pong) handle(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, mac []byte) {
   688  	t.localNode.UDPEndpointStatement(from, &net.UDPAddr{IP: req.To.IP, Port: int(req.To.UDP)})
   689  	t.db.UpdateLastPongReceived(fromID, from.IP, time.Now())
   690  }
   691  
   692  func (req *pong) name() string { return "PONG/v4" }
   693  
   694  func (req *findnode) preverify(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, fromKey encPubkey) error {
   695  	if expired(req.Expiration) {
   696  		return errExpired
   697  	}
   698  	if time.Since(t.db.LastPongReceived(fromID, from.IP)) > bondExpiration {
   699  		// No endpoint proof pong exists, we don't process the packet. This prevents an
   700  		// attack vector where the discovery protocol could be used to amplify traffic in a
   701  		// DDOS attack. A malicious actor would send a findnode request with the IP address
   702  		// and UDP port of the target as the source address. The recipient of the findnode
   703  		// packet would then send a neighbors packet (which is a much bigger packet than
   704  		// findnode) to the victim.
   705  		return errUnknownNode
   706  	}
   707  	return nil
   708  }
   709  
   710  func (req *findnode) handle(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, mac []byte) {
   711  	// Determine closest nodes.
   712  	target := enode.ID(crypto.Keccak256Hash(req.Target[:]))
   713  	t.tab.mutex.Lock()
   714  	closest := t.tab.closest(target, bucketSize).entries
   715  	t.tab.mutex.Unlock()
   716  
   717  	// Send neighbors in chunks with at most maxNeighbors per packet
   718  	// to stay below the 1280 byte limit.
   719  	p := neighbors{Expiration: uint64(time.Now().Add(expiration).Unix())}
   720  	var sent bool
   721  	for _, n := range closest {
   722  		if netutil.CheckRelayIP(from.IP, n.IP()) == nil {
   723  			p.Nodes = append(p.Nodes, nodeToRPC(n))
   724  		}
   725  		if len(p.Nodes) == maxNeighbors {
   726  			t.send(from, fromID, neighborsPacket, &p)
   727  			p.Nodes = p.Nodes[:0]
   728  			sent = true
   729  		}
   730  	}
   731  	if len(p.Nodes) > 0 || !sent {
   732  		t.send(from, fromID, neighborsPacket, &p)
   733  	}
   734  }
   735  
   736  func (req *findnode) name() string { return "FINDNODE/v4" }
   737  
   738  func (req *neighbors) preverify(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, fromKey encPubkey) error {
   739  	if expired(req.Expiration) {
   740  		return errExpired
   741  	}
   742  	if !t.handleReply(fromID, from.IP, neighborsPacket, req) {
   743  		return errUnsolicitedReply
   744  	}
   745  	return nil
   746  }
   747  
   748  func (req *neighbors) handle(t *udp, from *net.UDPAddr, fromID enode.ID, mac []byte) {
   749  }
   750  
   751  func (req *neighbors) name() string { return "NEIGHBORS/v4" }
   752  
   753  func expired(ts uint64) bool {
   754  	return time.Unix(int64(ts), 0).Before(time.Now())
   755  }