github.com/jdgcs/sqlite3@v1.12.1-0.20210908114423-bc5f96e4dd51/testdata/tcl/join.test (about)

     1  # 2002-05-24
     2  #
     3  # The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
     4  # a legal notice, here is a blessing:
     5  #
     6  #    May you do good and not evil.
     7  #    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
     8  #    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
     9  #
    10  #***********************************************************************
    11  # This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.
    12  #
    13  # This file implements tests for joins, including outer joins.
    14  #
    15  
    16  set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
    17  source $testdir/tester.tcl
    18  
    19  do_test join-1.1 {
    20    execsql {
    21      CREATE TABLE t1(a,b,c);
    22      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2,3);
    23      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2,3,4);
    24      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3,4,5);
    25      SELECT * FROM t1;
    26    }  
    27  } {1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5}
    28  do_test join-1.2 {
    29    execsql {
    30      CREATE TABLE t2(b,c,d);
    31      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1,2,3);
    32      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2,3,4);
    33      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(3,4,5);
    34      SELECT * FROM t2;
    35    }  
    36  } {1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5}
    37  
    38  # A FROM clause of the form:  "<table>, <table> ON <expr>" is not
    39  # allowed by the SQLite syntax diagram, nor by any other SQL database
    40  # engine that we are aware of.  Nevertheless, historic versions of
    41  # SQLite have allowed it.  We need to continue to support it moving
    42  # forward to prevent breakage of legacy applications.  Though, we will
    43  # not advertise it as being supported.
    44  #
    45  do_execsql_test join-1.2.1 {
    46    SELECT t1.rowid, t2.rowid, '|' FROM t1, t2 ON t1.a=t2.b;
    47  } {1 1 | 2 2 | 3 3 |}
    48  
    49  do_test join-1.3 {
    50    execsql2 {
    51      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2;
    52    }
    53  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}
    54  do_test join-1.3.1 {
    55    execsql2 {
    56      SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1;
    57    }
    58  } {b 2 c 3 d 4 a 1 b 3 c 4 d 5 a 2}
    59  do_test join-1.3.2 {
    60    execsql2 {
    61      SELECT * FROM t2 AS x NATURAL JOIN t1;
    62    }
    63  } {b 2 c 3 d 4 a 1 b 3 c 4 d 5 a 2}
    64  do_test join-1.3.3 {
    65    execsql2 {
    66      SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1 AS y;
    67    }
    68  } {b 2 c 3 d 4 a 1 b 3 c 4 d 5 a 2}
    69  do_test join-1.3.4 {
    70    execsql {
    71      SELECT b FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2;
    72    }
    73  } {2 3}
    74  
    75  # ticket #3522
    76  do_test join-1.3.5 {
    77    execsql2 {
    78      SELECT t2.* FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1
    79    }
    80  } {b 2 c 3 d 4 b 3 c 4 d 5}
    81  do_test join-1.3.6 {
    82    execsql2 {
    83      SELECT xyzzy.* FROM t2 AS xyzzy NATURAL JOIN t1
    84    }
    85  } {b 2 c 3 d 4 b 3 c 4 d 5}
    86  do_test join-1.3.7 {
    87    execsql2 {
    88      SELECT t1.* FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1
    89    }
    90  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 a 2 b 3 c 4}
    91  do_test join-1.3.8 {
    92    execsql2 {
    93      SELECT xyzzy.* FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1 AS xyzzy
    94    }
    95  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 a 2 b 3 c 4}
    96  do_test join-1.3.9 {
    97    execsql2 {
    98      SELECT aaa.*, bbb.* FROM t2 AS aaa NATURAL JOIN t1 AS bbb
    99    }
   100  } {b 2 c 3 d 4 a 1 b 2 c 3 b 3 c 4 d 5 a 2 b 3 c 4}
   101  do_test join-1.3.10 {
   102    execsql2 {
   103      SELECT t1.*, t2.* FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1
   104    }
   105  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 b 3 c 4 d 5}
   106  
   107  
   108  do_test join-1.4.1 {
   109    execsql2 {
   110      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(b,c);
   111    }
   112  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}
   113  do_test join-1.4.2 {
   114    execsql2 {
   115      SELECT * FROM t1 AS x INNER JOIN t2 USING(b,c);
   116    }
   117  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}
   118  do_test join-1.4.3 {
   119    execsql2 {
   120      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 AS y USING(b,c);
   121    }
   122  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}
   123  do_test join-1.4.4 {
   124    execsql2 {
   125      SELECT * FROM t1 AS x INNER JOIN t2 AS y USING(b,c);
   126    }
   127  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}
   128  do_test join-1.4.5 {
   129    execsql {
   130      SELECT b FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(b);
   131    }
   132  } {2 3}
   133  
   134  # Ticket #3522
   135  do_test join-1.4.6 {
   136    execsql2 {
   137      SELECT t1.* FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(b);
   138    }
   139  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 a 2 b 3 c 4}
   140  do_test join-1.4.7 {
   141    execsql2 {
   142      SELECT t2.* FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(b);
   143    }
   144  } {b 2 c 3 d 4 b 3 c 4 d 5}
   145  
   146  do_test join-1.5 {
   147    execsql2 {
   148      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(b);
   149    }
   150  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 c 4 d 5}
   151  do_test join-1.6 {
   152    execsql2 {
   153      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(c);
   154    }
   155  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 b 2 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 b 3 d 5}
   156  do_test join-1.7 {
   157    execsql2 {
   158      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(c,b);
   159    }
   160  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}
   161  
   162  do_test join-1.8 {
   163    execsql {
   164      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL CROSS JOIN t2;
   165    }
   166  } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}
   167  do_test join-1.9 {
   168    execsql {
   169      SELECT * FROM t1 CROSS JOIN t2 USING(b,c);
   170    }
   171  } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}
   172  do_test join-1.10 {
   173    execsql {
   174      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL INNER JOIN t2;
   175    }
   176  } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}
   177  do_test join-1.11 {
   178    execsql {
   179      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(b,c);
   180    }
   181  } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}
   182  do_test join-1.12 {
   183    execsql {
   184      SELECT * FROM t1 natural inner join t2;
   185    }
   186  } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}
   187  
   188  ifcapable subquery {
   189    do_test join-1.13 {
   190      execsql2 {
   191        SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN 
   192          (SELECT b as 'c', c as 'd', d as 'e' FROM t2) as t3
   193      }
   194    } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 e 5}
   195    do_test join-1.14 {
   196      execsql2 {
   197        SELECT * FROM (SELECT b as 'c', c as 'd', d as 'e' FROM t2) as 'tx'
   198            NATURAL JOIN t1
   199      }
   200    } {c 3 d 4 e 5 a 1 b 2}
   201  }
   202  
   203  do_test join-1.15 {
   204    execsql {
   205      CREATE TABLE t3(c,d,e);
   206      INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(2,3,4);
   207      INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(3,4,5);
   208      INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(4,5,6);
   209      SELECT * FROM t3;
   210    }  
   211  } {2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6}
   212  do_test join-1.16 {
   213    execsql {
   214      SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t3;
   215    }
   216  } {1 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 6}
   217  do_test join-1.17 {
   218    execsql2 {
   219      SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t3;
   220    }
   221  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 e 5 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5 e 6}
   222  do_test join-1.18 {
   223    execsql {
   224      CREATE TABLE t4(d,e,f);
   225      INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(2,3,4);
   226      INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(3,4,5);
   227      INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(4,5,6);
   228      SELECT * FROM t4;
   229    }  
   230  } {2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6}
   231  do_test join-1.19.1 {
   232    execsql {
   233      SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t4;
   234    }
   235  } {1 2 3 4 5 6}
   236  do_test join-1.19.2 {
   237    execsql2 {
   238      SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t4;
   239    }
   240  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 e 5 f 6}
   241  do_test join-1.20 {
   242    execsql {
   243      SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t3 WHERE t1.a=1
   244    }
   245  } {1 2 3 4 5}
   246  
   247  do_test join-2.1 {
   248    execsql {
   249      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t2;
   250    }
   251  } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 {}}
   252  
   253  # ticket #3522
   254  do_test join-2.1.1 {
   255    execsql2 {
   256      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t2;
   257    }
   258  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5 a 3 b 4 c 5 d {}}
   259  do_test join-2.1.2 {
   260    execsql2 {
   261      SELECT t1.* FROM t1 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t2;
   262    }
   263  } {a 1 b 2 c 3 a 2 b 3 c 4 a 3 b 4 c 5}
   264  do_test join-2.1.3 {
   265    execsql2 {
   266      SELECT t2.* FROM t1 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t2;
   267    }
   268  } {b 2 c 3 d 4 b 3 c 4 d 5 b {} c {} d {}}
   269  
   270  do_test join-2.2 {
   271    execsql {
   272      SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL LEFT OUTER JOIN t1;
   273    }
   274  } {1 2 3 {} 2 3 4 1 3 4 5 2}
   275  do_test join-2.3 {
   276    catchsql {
   277      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL RIGHT OUTER JOIN t2;
   278    }
   279  } {1 {RIGHT and FULL OUTER JOINs are not currently supported}}
   280  do_test join-2.4 {
   281    execsql {
   282      SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.d
   283    }
   284  } {1 2 3 {} {} {} 2 3 4 {} {} {} 3 4 5 1 2 3}
   285  do_test join-2.5 {
   286    execsql {
   287      SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.d WHERE t1.a>1
   288    }
   289  } {2 3 4 {} {} {} 3 4 5 1 2 3}
   290  do_test join-2.6 {
   291    execsql {
   292      SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.d WHERE t2.b IS NULL OR t2.b>1
   293    }
   294  } {1 2 3 {} {} {} 2 3 4 {} {} {}}
   295  
   296  do_test join-3.1 {
   297    catchsql {
   298      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.b;
   299    }
   300  } {1 {a NATURAL join may not have an ON or USING clause}}
   301  do_test join-3.2 {
   302    catchsql {
   303      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2 USING(b);
   304    }
   305  } {1 {a NATURAL join may not have an ON or USING clause}}
   306  do_test join-3.3 {
   307    catchsql {
   308      SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.b USING(b);
   309    }
   310  } {1 {cannot have both ON and USING clauses in the same join}}
   311  do_test join-3.4.1 {
   312    catchsql {
   313      SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(a);
   314    }
   315  } {1 {cannot join using column a - column not present in both tables}}
   316  do_test join-3.4.2 {
   317    catchsql {
   318      SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(d);
   319    }
   320  } {1 {cannot join using column d - column not present in both tables}}
   321  do_test join-3.5 {
   322    catchsql { SELECT * FROM t1 USING(a) }
   323  } {1 {a JOIN clause is required before USING}}
   324  do_test join-3.6 {
   325    catchsql {
   326      SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t3.a=t2.b;
   327    }
   328  } {1 {no such column: t3.a}}
   329  do_test join-3.7 {
   330    catchsql {
   331      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER OUTER JOIN t2;
   332    }
   333  } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: INNER OUTER}}
   334  do_test join-3.8 {
   335    catchsql {
   336      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER OUTER CROSS JOIN t2;
   337    }
   338  } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: INNER OUTER CROSS}}
   339  do_test join-3.9 {
   340    catchsql {
   341      SELECT * FROM t1 OUTER NATURAL INNER JOIN t2;
   342    }
   343  } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: OUTER NATURAL INNER}}
   344  do_test join-3.10 {
   345    catchsql {
   346      SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT BOGUS JOIN t2;
   347    }
   348  } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: LEFT BOGUS}}
   349  do_test join-3.11 {
   350    catchsql {
   351      SELECT * FROM t1 INNER BOGUS CROSS JOIN t2;
   352    }
   353  } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: INNER BOGUS CROSS}}
   354  do_test join-3.12 {
   355    catchsql {
   356      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL AWK SED JOIN t2;
   357    }
   358  } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: NATURAL AWK SED}}
   359  
   360  do_test join-4.1 {
   361    execsql {
   362      BEGIN;
   363      CREATE TABLE t5(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);
   364      CREATE TABLE t6(a INTEGER);
   365      INSERT INTO t6 VALUES(NULL);
   366      INSERT INTO t6 VALUES(NULL);
   367      INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;
   368      INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;
   369      INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;
   370      INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;
   371      INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;
   372      INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;
   373      COMMIT;
   374    }
   375    execsql {
   376      SELECT * FROM t6 NATURAL JOIN t5;
   377    }
   378  } {}
   379  do_test join-4.2 {
   380    execsql {
   381      SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a<t5.a;
   382    }
   383  } {}
   384  do_test join-4.3 {
   385    execsql {
   386      SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a>t5.a;
   387    }
   388  } {}
   389  do_test join-4.4 {
   390    execsql {
   391      UPDATE t6 SET a='xyz';
   392      SELECT * FROM t6 NATURAL JOIN t5;
   393    }
   394  } {}
   395  do_test join-4.6 {
   396    execsql {
   397      SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a<t5.a;
   398    }
   399  } {}
   400  do_test join-4.7 {
   401    execsql {
   402      SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a>t5.a;
   403    }
   404  } {}
   405  do_test join-4.8 {
   406    execsql {
   407      UPDATE t6 SET a=1;
   408      SELECT * FROM t6 NATURAL JOIN t5;
   409    }
   410  } {}
   411  do_test join-4.9 {
   412    execsql {
   413      SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a<t5.a;
   414    }
   415  } {}
   416  do_test join-4.10 {
   417    execsql {
   418      SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a>t5.a;
   419    }
   420  } {}
   421  
   422  do_test join-5.1 {
   423    execsql {
   424      BEGIN;
   425      create table centros (id integer primary key, centro);
   426      INSERT INTO centros VALUES(1,'xxx');
   427      create table usuarios (id integer primary key, nombre, apellidos,
   428      idcentro integer);
   429      INSERT INTO usuarios VALUES(1,'a','aa',1);
   430      INSERT INTO usuarios VALUES(2,'b','bb',1);
   431      INSERT INTO usuarios VALUES(3,'c','cc',NULL);
   432      create index idcentro on usuarios (idcentro);
   433      END;
   434      select usuarios.id, usuarios.nombre, centros.centro from
   435      usuarios left outer join centros on usuarios.idcentro = centros.id;
   436    }
   437  } {1 a xxx 2 b xxx 3 c {}}
   438  
   439  # A test for ticket #247.
   440  #
   441  do_test join-7.1 {
   442    execsql {
   443      CREATE TABLE t7 (x, y);
   444      INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa1", 1);
   445      INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa2", NULL);
   446      INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa3", NULL);
   447      INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa4", 2);
   448      INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa30", 131);
   449      INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa31", 130);
   450      INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa28", NULL);
   451  
   452      CREATE TABLE t8 (a integer primary key, b);
   453      INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (1, "pa1");
   454      INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (2, "pa4");
   455      INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (3, NULL);
   456      INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (4, NULL);
   457      INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (130, "pa31");
   458      INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (131, "pa30");
   459  
   460      SELECT coalesce(t8.a,999) from t7 LEFT JOIN t8 on y=a;
   461    }
   462  } {1 999 999 2 131 130 999}
   463  
   464  # Make sure a left join where the right table is really a view that
   465  # is itself a join works right.  Ticket #306.
   466  #
   467  ifcapable view {
   468  do_test join-8.1 {
   469    execsql {
   470      BEGIN;
   471      CREATE TABLE t9(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b);
   472      INSERT INTO t9 VALUES(1,11);
   473      INSERT INTO t9 VALUES(2,22);
   474      CREATE TABLE t10(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y);
   475      INSERT INTO t10 VALUES(1,2);
   476      INSERT INTO t10 VALUES(3,3);    
   477      CREATE TABLE t11(p INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, q);
   478      INSERT INTO t11 VALUES(2,111);
   479      INSERT INTO t11 VALUES(3,333);    
   480      CREATE VIEW v10_11 AS SELECT x, q FROM t10, t11 WHERE t10.y=t11.p;
   481      COMMIT;
   482      SELECT * FROM t9 LEFT JOIN v10_11 ON( a=x );
   483    }
   484  } {1 11 1 111 2 22 {} {}}
   485  ifcapable subquery {
   486    do_test join-8.2 {
   487      execsql {
   488        SELECT * FROM t9 LEFT JOIN (SELECT x, q FROM t10, t11 WHERE t10.y=t11.p)
   489             ON( a=x);
   490      }
   491    } {1 11 1 111 2 22 {} {}}
   492  }
   493  do_test join-8.3 {
   494    execsql {
   495      SELECT * FROM v10_11 LEFT JOIN t9 ON( a=x );
   496    }
   497  } {1 111 1 11 3 333 {} {}}
   498  ifcapable subquery {
   499    # Constant expressions in a subquery that is the right element of a
   500    # LEFT JOIN evaluate to NULL for rows where the LEFT JOIN does not
   501    # match.  Ticket #3300
   502    do_test join-8.4 {
   503      execsql {
   504        SELECT * FROM t9 LEFT JOIN (SELECT 44, p, q FROM t11) AS sub1 ON p=a
   505      }
   506    } {1 11 {} {} {} 2 22 44 2 111}
   507  }
   508  } ;# ifcapable view
   509  
   510  # Ticket #350 describes a scenario where LEFT OUTER JOIN does not
   511  # function correctly if the right table in the join is really
   512  # subquery.
   513  #
   514  # To test the problem, we generate the same LEFT OUTER JOIN in two
   515  # separate selects but with on using a subquery and the other calling
   516  # the table directly.  Then connect the two SELECTs using an EXCEPT.
   517  # Both queries should generate the same results so the answer should
   518  # be an empty set.
   519  #
   520  ifcapable compound {
   521  do_test join-9.1 {
   522    execsql {
   523      BEGIN;
   524      CREATE TABLE t12(a,b);
   525      INSERT INTO t12 VALUES(1,11);
   526      INSERT INTO t12 VALUES(2,22);
   527      CREATE TABLE t13(b,c);
   528      INSERT INTO t13 VALUES(22,222);
   529      COMMIT;
   530    }
   531  } {}
   532  
   533  ifcapable subquery {
   534    do_test join-9.1.1 {
   535      execsql {
   536        SELECT * FROM t12 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t13
   537        EXCEPT
   538        SELECT * FROM t12 NATURAL LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM t13 WHERE b>0);
   539      }
   540    } {}
   541  }
   542  ifcapable view {
   543    do_test join-9.2 {
   544      execsql {
   545        CREATE VIEW v13 AS SELECT * FROM t13 WHERE b>0;
   546        SELECT * FROM t12 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t13
   547          EXCEPT
   548          SELECT * FROM t12 NATURAL LEFT JOIN v13;
   549      }
   550    } {}
   551  } ;# ifcapable view
   552  } ;# ifcapable compound
   553  
   554  ifcapable subquery {
   555    # Ticket #1697:  Left Join WHERE clause terms that contain an
   556    # aggregate subquery.
   557    #
   558    do_test join-10.1 {
   559      execsql {
   560        CREATE TABLE t21(a,b,c);
   561        CREATE TABLE t22(p,q);
   562        CREATE INDEX i22 ON t22(q);
   563        SELECT a FROM t21 LEFT JOIN t22 ON b=p WHERE q=
   564           (SELECT max(m.q) FROM t22 m JOIN t21 n ON n.b=m.p WHERE n.c=1);
   565      }  
   566    } {}
   567  
   568    # Test a LEFT JOIN when the right-hand side of hte join is an empty
   569    # sub-query. Seems fine.
   570    #
   571    do_test join-10.2 {
   572      execsql {
   573        CREATE TABLE t23(a, b, c);
   574        CREATE TABLE t24(a, b, c);
   575        INSERT INTO t23 VALUES(1, 2, 3);
   576      }
   577      execsql {
   578        SELECT * FROM t23 LEFT JOIN t24;
   579      }
   580    } {1 2 3 {} {} {}}
   581    do_test join-10.3 {
   582      execsql {
   583        SELECT * FROM t23 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM t24);
   584      }
   585    } {1 2 3 {} {} {}}
   586  
   587  } ;# ifcapable subquery
   588  
   589  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   590  # The following tests are to ensure that bug b73fb0bd64 is fixed.
   591  #
   592  do_test join-11.1 {
   593    drop_all_tables
   594    execsql {
   595      CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b TEXT);
   596      CREATE TABLE t2(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b TEXT);
   597      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,'abc');
   598      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2,'def');
   599      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1,'abc');
   600      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2,'def');
   601      SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2;
   602    }
   603  } {1 abc 2 def}
   604  
   605  do_test join-11.2 {
   606    execsql { SELECT a FROM t1 JOIN t1 USING (a)}
   607  } {1 2}
   608  do_test join-11.3 {
   609    execsql { SELECT a FROM t1 JOIN t1 AS t2 USING (a)}
   610  } {1 2}
   611  do_test join-11.3 {
   612    execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t1 AS t2}
   613  } {1 abc 2 def}
   614  do_test join-11.4 {
   615    execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t1 }
   616  } {1 abc 2 def}
   617  
   618  do_test join-11.5 {
   619    drop_all_tables
   620    execsql {
   621      CREATE TABLE t1(a COLLATE nocase, b);
   622      CREATE TABLE t2(a, b);
   623      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('ONE', 1);
   624      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('two', 2);
   625      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('one', 1);
   626      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('two', 2);
   627    }
   628  } {}
   629  do_test join-11.6 {
   630    execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2 }
   631  } {ONE 1 two 2}
   632  do_test join-11.7 {
   633    execsql { SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1 }
   634  } {two 2}
   635  
   636  do_test join-11.8 {
   637    drop_all_tables
   638    execsql {
   639      CREATE TABLE t1(a, b TEXT);
   640      CREATE TABLE t2(b INTEGER, a);
   641      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('one', '1.0');
   642      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('two', '2');
   643      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 'one');
   644      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2, 'two');
   645    }
   646  } {}
   647  do_test join-11.9 {
   648    execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2 }
   649  } {one 1.0 two 2}
   650  do_test join-11.10 {
   651    execsql { SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1 }
   652  } {1 one 2 two}
   653  
   654  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   655  # Test that at most 64 tables are allowed in a join.
   656  #
   657  do_execsql_test join-12.1 {
   658    CREATE TABLE t14(x);
   659    INSERT INTO t14 VALUES('abcdefghij');
   660  }
   661  
   662  proc jointest {tn nTbl res} {
   663    set sql "SELECT 1 FROM [string repeat t14, [expr $nTbl-1]] t14;"
   664    uplevel [list do_catchsql_test $tn $sql $res]
   665  }
   666  
   667  jointest join-12.2 30 {0 1}
   668  jointest join-12.3 63 {0 1}
   669  jointest join-12.4 64 {0 1}
   670  jointest join-12.5 65 {1 {at most 64 tables in a join}}
   671  jointest join-12.6 66 {1 {at most 64 tables in a join}}
   672  jointest join-12.7 127 {1 {at most 64 tables in a join}}
   673  jointest join-12.8 128 {1 {at most 64 tables in a join}}
   674  
   675  # As of 2019-01-17, the number of elements in a SrcList is limited
   676  # to 200.  The following tests still run, but the answer is now
   677  # an SQLITE_NOMEM error.
   678  #
   679  # jointest join-12.9 1000 {1 {at most 64 tables in a join}}
   680  #
   681  #  If SQLite is built with SQLITE_MEMDEBUG, then the huge number of realloc()
   682  #  calls made by the following test cases are too time consuming to run.
   683  #  Without SQLITE_MEMDEBUG, realloc() is fast enough that these are not
   684  #  a problem.
   685  #
   686  # ifcapable pragma&&compileoption_diags {
   687  #    if {[lsearch [db eval {PRAGMA compile_options}] MEMDEBUG]<0} {
   688  #     jointest join-12.10 65534 {1 {at most 64 tables in a join}}
   689  #     jointest join-12.11 65535 {1 {too many references to "t14": max 65535}}
   690  #     jointest join-12.12 65536 {1 {too many references to "t14": max 65535}}
   691  #     jointest join-12.13 65537 {1 {too many references to "t14": max 65535}}
   692  #   }
   693  # }
   694  
   695  
   696  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   697  # Test a problem with reordering tables following a LEFT JOIN.
   698  #
   699  do_execsql_test join-13.0 {
   700    CREATE TABLE aa(a);
   701    CREATE TABLE bb(b);
   702    CREATE TABLE cc(c);
   703  
   704    INSERT INTO aa VALUES(45);
   705    INSERT INTO cc VALUES(45);
   706    INSERT INTO cc VALUES(45);
   707  }
   708  
   709  do_execsql_test join-13.1 {
   710    SELECT * FROM aa LEFT JOIN bb, cc WHERE cc.c=aa.a;
   711  } {45 {} 45 45 {} 45}
   712  
   713  # In the following, the order of [cc] and [bb] must not be exchanged, even
   714  # though this would be helpful if the query used an inner join.
   715  do_execsql_test join-13.2 {
   716    CREATE INDEX ccc ON cc(c);
   717    SELECT * FROM aa LEFT JOIN bb, cc WHERE cc.c=aa.a;
   718  } {45 {} 45 45 {} 45}
   719  
   720  # Verify that that iTable attributes the TK_IF_NULL_ROW operators in the
   721  # expression tree are correctly updated by the query flattener.  This was
   722  # a bug discovered on 2017-05-22 by Mark Brand.
   723  #
   724  do_execsql_test join-14.1 {
   725    SELECT *
   726      FROM (SELECT 1 a) AS x 
   727           LEFT JOIN (SELECT 1, * FROM (SELECT * FROM (SELECT 1)));
   728  } {1 1 1}
   729  do_execsql_test join-14.2 {
   730    SELECT *
   731    FROM (SELECT 1 a) AS x
   732      LEFT JOIN (SELECT 1, * FROM (SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM (SELECT 1)))) AS y
   733      JOIN (SELECT * FROM (SELECT 9)) AS z;
   734  } {1 1 1 9}
   735  do_execsql_test join-14.3 {
   736    SELECT *
   737    FROM (SELECT 111)
   738    LEFT JOIN (SELECT cc+222, * FROM (SELECT * FROM (SELECT 333 cc)));
   739  } {111 555 333}
   740  
   741  do_execsql_test join-14.4 {
   742    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
   743    CREATE TABLE t1(c PRIMARY KEY, a TEXT(10000), b TEXT(10000));
   744    SELECT * FROM (SELECT 111) LEFT JOIN (SELECT c+222 FROM t1) GROUP BY 1;
   745  } {111 {}}
   746  do_execsql_test join-14.5 {
   747    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
   748    CREATE TABLE t1(c PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT ROWID;
   749    SELECT * FROM (SELECT 111) LEFT JOIN (SELECT c+222 FROM t1) GROUP BY 1;
   750  } {111 {}}
   751  
   752  # Verify the fix to ticket 
   753  # https://www.sqlite.org/src/tktview/7fde638e94287d2c948cd9389
   754  #
   755  db close
   756  sqlite3 db :memory:
   757  do_execsql_test join-14.10 {
   758    CREATE TABLE t1(a);
   759    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1),(2),(3);
   760    CREATE VIEW v2 AS SELECT a, 1 AS b FROM t1;
   761    CREATE TABLE t3(x);
   762    INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(2),(4);
   763    SELECT *, '|' FROM t3 LEFT JOIN v2 ON a=x WHERE b=1;
   764  } {2 2 1 |}
   765  do_execsql_test join-14.11 {
   766    SELECT *, '|' FROM t3 LEFT JOIN v2 ON a=x WHERE b+1=x;
   767  } {2 2 1 |}
   768  do_execsql_test join-14.12 {
   769    SELECT *, '|' FROM t3 LEFT JOIN v2 ON a=x ORDER BY b;
   770  } {4 {} {} | 2 2 1 |}
   771  
   772  # Verify the fix for ticket
   773  # https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/892fc34f173e99d8
   774  #
   775  db close
   776  sqlite3 db :memory:
   777  do_execsql_test join-14.20 {
   778    CREATE TABLE t1(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);
   779    CREATE TABLE t2(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, c2 INTEGER);
   780    CREATE TABLE t3(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, c3 INTEGER);
   781    INSERT INTO t1(id) VALUES(456);
   782    INSERT INTO t3(id) VALUES(1),(2);
   783    SELECT t1.id, x2.id, x3.id
   784    FROM t1
   785    LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM t2) AS x2 ON t1.id=x2.c2
   786    LEFT JOIN t3 AS x3 ON x2.id=x3.c3;
   787  } {456 {} {}}
   788  
   789  # 2018-03-24.
   790  # E.Pasma discovered that the LEFT JOIN strength reduction optimization
   791  # was misbehaving.  The problem turned out to be that the
   792  # sqlite3ExprImpliesNotNull() routine was saying that CASE expressions
   793  # like
   794  #
   795  #     CASE WHEN true THEN true ELSE x=0 END
   796  #
   797  # could never be true if x is NULL.  The following test cases verify
   798  # that this error has been resolved.
   799  #
   800  db close
   801  sqlite3 db :memory:
   802  do_execsql_test join-15.100 {
   803    CREATE TABLE t1(a INT, b INT);
   804    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2),(3,4);
   805    CREATE TABLE t2(x INT, y INT);
   806    SELECT *, 'x'
   807      FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2
   808     WHERE CASE WHEN FALSE THEN a=x ELSE 1 END;
   809  } {1 2 {} {} x 3 4 {} {} x}
   810  do_execsql_test join-15.105 {
   811    SELECT *, 'x'
   812      FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2
   813     WHERE a IN (1,3,x,y);
   814  } {1 2 {} {} x 3 4 {} {} x}
   815  do_execsql_test join-15.106a {
   816    SELECT *, 'x' 
   817      FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 
   818     WHERE NOT ( 'x'='y' AND t2.y=1 );
   819  } {1 2 {} {} x 3 4 {} {} x}
   820  do_execsql_test join-15.106b {
   821    SELECT *, 'x' 
   822      FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 
   823     WHERE ~ ( 'x'='y' AND t2.y=1 );
   824  } {1 2 {} {} x 3 4 {} {} x}
   825  do_execsql_test join-15.107 {
   826    SELECT *, 'x' 
   827      FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 
   828     WHERE t2.y IS NOT 'abc'
   829  } {1 2 {} {} x 3 4 {} {} x}
   830  do_execsql_test join-15.110 {
   831    DROP TABLE t1;
   832    DROP TABLE t2;
   833    CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b INTEGER);
   834    INSERT INTO t1(a,b) VALUES(1,0),(11,1),(12,1),(13,1),(121,12);
   835    CREATE INDEX t1b ON t1(b);
   836    CREATE TABLE t2(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);
   837    INSERT INTO t2(x) VALUES(0),(1);
   838    SELECT  a1, a2, a3, a4, a5
   839     FROM (SELECT a AS a1 FROM t1 WHERE b=0)
   840          JOIN (SELECT x AS x1 FROM t2)
   841          LEFT JOIN (SELECT a AS a2, b AS b2 FROM t1)
   842            ON x1 IS TRUE AND b2=a1
   843          JOIN (SELECT x AS x2 FROM t2)
   844            ON x2<=CASE WHEN x1 THEN CASE WHEN a2 THEN 1 ELSE -1 END ELSE 0 END
   845          LEFT JOIN (SELECT a AS a3, b AS b3 FROM t1)
   846            ON x2 IS TRUE AND b3=a2
   847          JOIN (SELECT x AS x3 FROM t2)
   848            ON x3<=CASE WHEN x2 THEN CASE WHEN a3 THEN 1 ELSE -1 END ELSE 0 END
   849          LEFT JOIN (SELECT a AS a4, b AS b4 FROM t1)
   850            ON x3 IS TRUE AND b4=a3
   851          JOIN (SELECT x AS x4 FROM t2)
   852            ON x4<=CASE WHEN x3 THEN CASE WHEN a4 THEN 1 ELSE -1 END ELSE 0 END
   853          LEFT JOIN (SELECT a AS a5, b AS b5 FROM t1)
   854            ON x4 IS TRUE AND b5=a4
   855     ORDER BY a1, a2, a3, a4, a5;
   856  } {1 {} {} {} {} 1 11 {} {} {} 1 12 {} {} {} 1 12 121 {} {} 1 13 {} {} {}}
   857  
   858  # 2019-02-05 Ticket https://www.sqlite.org/src/tktview/5948e09b8c415bc45da5c
   859  # Error in join due to the LEFT JOIN strength reduction optimization.
   860  #
   861  do_execsql_test join-16.100 {
   862    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
   863    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t2;
   864    CREATE TABLE t1(a INT);
   865    INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(1);
   866    CREATE TABLE t2(b INT);
   867    SELECT a, b
   868      FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON 0
   869     WHERE (b IS NOT NULL)=0;
   870  } {1 {}}
   871  
   872  # 2019-08-17 ticket https://sqlite.org/src/tktview/6710d2f7a13a299728ab
   873  # Ensure that constants that derive from the right-hand table of a LEFT JOIN
   874  # are never factored out, since they are not really constant.
   875  #
   876  do_execsql_test join-17.100 {
   877    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
   878    CREATE TABLE t1(x);
   879    INSERT INTO t1(x) VALUES(0),(1);
   880    SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT abs(1) AS y FROM t1) ON x WHERE NOT(y='a');
   881  } {1 1 1 1}
   882  do_execsql_test join-17.110 {
   883    SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT abs(1)+2 AS y FROM t1) ON x
   884     WHERE NOT(y='a');
   885  } {1 3 1 3}
   886  
   887  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   888  reset_db
   889  do_execsql_test join-18.1 {
   890    CREATE TABLE t0(a);
   891    CREATE TABLE t1(b);
   892    CREATE VIEW v0 AS SELECT a FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0;
   893    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1);
   894  } {}
   895  
   896  do_execsql_test join-18.2 {
   897    SELECT * FROM v0 WHERE NOT(v0.a IS FALSE);
   898  } {{}}
   899  
   900  do_execsql_test join-18.3 {
   901    SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 WHERE NOT(a IS FALSE);
   902  } {1 {}}
   903  
   904  do_execsql_test join-18.4 {
   905    SELECT NOT(v0.a IS FALSE) FROM v0
   906  } {1}
   907  
   908  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   909  reset_db
   910  do_execsql_test join-19.0 {
   911    CREATE TABLE t1(a);
   912    CREATE TABLE t2(b);
   913    INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(0);
   914    CREATE VIEW v0(c) AS SELECT t2.b FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2;
   915  }
   916  
   917  do_execsql_test join-19.1 {
   918    SELECT * FROM v0 WHERE v0.c NOTNULL NOTNULL; 
   919  } {{}}
   920  
   921  do_execsql_test join-19.2 {
   922    SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2
   923  } {0 {}}
   924  
   925  do_execsql_test join-19.3 {
   926    SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 WHERE (b IS NOT NULL) IS NOT NULL; 
   927  } {0 {}}
   928  
   929  do_execsql_test join-19.4 {
   930    SELECT (b IS NOT NULL) IS NOT NULL FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2
   931  } {1}
   932  
   933  do_execsql_test join-19.5 {
   934    SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 WHERE 
   935      (b IS NOT NULL AND b IS NOT NULL) IS NOT NULL; 
   936  } {0 {}}
   937  
   938  # 2019-11-02 ticket 623eff57e76d45f6
   939  # The optimization of exclusing the WHERE expression of a partial index
   940  # from the WHERE clause of the query if the index is used does not work
   941  # of the table of the index is the right-hand table of a LEFT JOIN.
   942  #
   943  db close
   944  sqlite3 db :memory:
   945  do_execsql_test join-20.1 {
   946    CREATE TABLE t1(c1);
   947    CREATE TABLE t0(c0);
   948    INSERT INTO t0(c0) VALUES (0);
   949    SELECT * FROM t0 LEFT JOIN t1 WHERE NULL IN (c1);
   950  } {}
   951  do_execsql_test join-20.2 {
   952    CREATE INDEX t1x ON t1(0) WHERE NULL IN (c1);
   953    SELECT * FROM t0 LEFT JOIN t1 WHERE NULL IN (c1);
   954  } {}
   955  
   956  # 2019-11-30 ticket 7f39060a24b47353
   957  # Do not allow a WHERE clause term to qualify a partial index on the
   958  # right table of a LEFT JOIN.
   959  #
   960  do_execsql_test join-21.10 {
   961    DROP TABLE t0;
   962    DROP TABLE t1;
   963    CREATE TABLE t0(aa);
   964    CREATE TABLE t1(bb);
   965    INSERT INTO t0(aa) VALUES (1);
   966    INSERT INTO t1(bb) VALUES (1);
   967    SELECT 11, * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 WHERE aa ISNULL;
   968    SELECT 12, * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 WHERE +aa ISNULL;
   969    SELECT 13, * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 ON aa ISNULL;
   970    SELECT 14, * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 ON +aa ISNULL;
   971    CREATE INDEX i0 ON t0(aa) WHERE aa ISNULL;
   972    SELECT 21, * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 WHERE aa ISNULL;
   973    SELECT 22, * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 WHERE +aa ISNULL;
   974    SELECT 23, * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 ON aa ISNULL;
   975    SELECT 24, * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t0 ON +aa ISNULL;
   976  } {13 1 {} 14 1 {} 23 1 {} 24 1 {}}
   977  
   978  # 2019-12-18 problem with a LEFT JOIN where the RHS is a view.
   979  # Detected by Yongheng and Rui.
   980  # Follows from the optimization attempt of check-in 41c27bc0ff1d3135
   981  # on 2017-04-18
   982  #
   983  reset_db
   984  do_execsql_test join-22.10 {
   985    CREATE TABLE t0(a, b);
   986    CREATE INDEX t0a ON t0(a);
   987    INSERT INTO t0 VALUES(10,10),(10,11),(10,12);
   988    SELECT DISTINCT c FROM t0 LEFT JOIN (SELECT a+1 AS c FROM t0) ORDER BY c ;
   989  } {11}
   990  
   991  # 2019-12-22 ticket 7929c1efb2d67e98
   992  #
   993  reset_db
   994  ifcapable vtab {
   995  do_execsql_test join-23.10 {
   996    CREATE TABLE t0(c0);
   997    INSERT INTO t0(c0) VALUES(123);
   998    CREATE VIEW v0(c0) AS SELECT 0 GROUP BY 1;
   999    SELECT t0.c0, v0.c0, vt0.name
  1000     FROM v0, t0 LEFT JOIN pragma_table_info('t0') AS vt0
  1001       ON vt0.name LIKE 'c0'
  1002     WHERE v0.c0 == 0;
  1003  } {123 0 c0}
  1004  }
  1005  
  1006  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1007  reset_db
  1008  do_execsql_test join-24.1 {
  1009    CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, x);
  1010    CREATE TABLE t2(b INT);
  1011    CREATE INDEX t1aa ON t1(a, a);
  1012  
  1013    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('abc', 'def');
  1014    INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1);
  1015  }
  1016  
  1017  do_execsql_test join-24.2 {
  1018    SELECT * FROM t2 JOIN t1 WHERE a='abc' AND x='def';
  1019  } {1 abc def}
  1020  do_execsql_test join-24.3 {
  1021    SELECT * FROM t2 JOIN t1 WHERE a='abc' AND x='abc';
  1022  } {}
  1023  
  1024  do_execsql_test join-24.2 {
  1025    SELECT * FROM t2 LEFT JOIN t1 ON a=0 WHERE (x='x' OR x IS NULL);
  1026  } {1 {} {}}
  1027  
  1028  # 2020-09-30 ticket 66e4b0e271c47145
  1029  # The query flattener inserts an "expr AND expr" expression as a substitution
  1030  # for the column of a view where that view column is part of an ON expression
  1031  # of a LEFT JOIN.
  1032  #
  1033  reset_db
  1034  do_execsql_test join-25.1 {
  1035    CREATE TABLE t0(c0 INT);
  1036    CREATE VIEW v0 AS SELECT (NULL AND 5) as c0 FROM t0;
  1037    INSERT INTO t0(c0) VALUES (NULL);
  1038    SELECT count(*)  FROM v0 LEFT JOIN t0 ON v0.c0;
  1039  } {1}
  1040  
  1041  
  1042  finish_test