github.com/kikitux/packer@v0.10.1-0.20160322154024-6237df566f9f/website/source/docs/other/debugging.html.md (about) 1 --- 2 description: | 3 Packer strives to be stable and bug-free, but issues inevitably arise where 4 certain things may not work entirely correctly, or may not appear to work 5 correctly. In these cases, it is sometimes helpful to see more details about 6 what Packer is actually doing. 7 layout: docs 8 page_title: Debugging Packer 9 ... 10 11 # Debugging Packer Builds 12 13 For remote builds with cloud providers like Amazon Web Services AMIs, debugging 14 a Packer build can be eased greatly with `packer build -debug`. This disables 15 parallelization and enables debug mode. 16 17 Debug mode informs the builders that they should output debugging information. 18 The exact behavior of debug mode is left to the builder. In general, builders 19 usually will stop between each step, waiting for keyboard input before 20 continuing. This will allow you to inspect state and so on. 21 22 In debug mode once the remote instance is instantiated, Packer will emit to the 23 current directory an ephemeral private ssh key as a .pem file. Using that you 24 can `ssh -i <key.pem>` into the remote build instance and see what is going on 25 for debugging. The ephemeral key will be deleted at the end of the packer run 26 during cleanup. 27 28 ### Windows 29 30 As of Packer 0.8.1 the default WinRM communicator will emit the password for a 31 Remote Desktop Connection into your instance. This happens following the several 32 minute pause as the instance is booted. Note a .pem key is still created for 33 securely transmitting the password. Packer automatically decrypts the password 34 for you in debug mode. 35 36 ## Debugging Packer 37 38 Issues occasionally arise where certain things may not work entirely correctly, 39 or may not appear to work correctly. In these cases, it is sometimes helpful to 40 see more details about what Packer is actually doing. 41 42 Packer has detailed logs which can be enabled by setting the `PACKER_LOG` 43 environmental variable to any value like this 44 `PACKER_LOG=1 packer build <config.json>`. This will cause detailed logs to 45 appear on stderr. The logs contain log messages from Packer as well as any 46 plugins that are being used. Log messages from plugins are prefixed by their 47 application name. 48 49 Note that because Packer is highly parallelized, log messages sometimes appear 50 out of order, especially with respect to plugins. In this case, it is important 51 to pay attention to the timestamp of the log messages to determine order. 52 53 In addition to simply enabling the log, you can set `PACKER_LOG_PATH` in order 54 to force the log to always go to a specific file when logging is enabled. Note 55 that even when `PACKER_LOG_PATH` is set, `PACKER_LOG` must be set in order for 56 any logging to be enabled. 57 58 ### Debugging Packer in Powershell/Windows 59 60 In Windows you can set the detailed logs environmental variable `PACKER_LOG` or 61 the log variable `PACKER_LOG_PATH` using powershell environment variables. For 62 example: 63 64 $env:PACKER_LOG=1 65 $env:PACKER_LOG_PATH="packerlog.txt" 66 67 If you find a bug with Packer, please include the detailed log by using a 68 service such as [gist](https://gist.github.com). 69 70 ## Issues Installing Ubuntu Packages 71 72 Issues may arise using and building Ubuntu AMIs where common packages that 73 *should* be installed from Ubuntu's Main repository are not found during a 74 provisioner step: 75 76 amazon-ebs: No candidate version found for build-essential 77 amazon-ebs: No candidate version found for build-essential 78 79 This, obviously can cause problems where a build is unable to finish 80 successfully as the proper packages cannot be provisioned correctly. The problem 81 arises when cloud-init has not finished fully running on the source AMI by the 82 time that packer starts any provisioning steps. 83 84 Adding the following provisioner to the packer template, allows for the 85 cloud-init process to fully finish before packer starts provisioning the source 86 AMI. 87 88 { 89 "type": "shell", 90 "inline": [ 91 "while [ ! -f /var/lib/cloud/instance/boot-finished ]; do echo 'Waiting for cloud-init...'; sleep 1; done" 92 ] 93 }