github.com/krum110487/go-htaccess@v0.0.0-20240316004156-60641c8e7598/tests/data/apache_2_2_34/manual/mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html.en (about)

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    27  <div class="retired"><h4>Please note</h4>
    28              <p> This document refers to a legacy release (<strong>2.2</strong>) of Apache httpd. The active release (<strong>2.4</strong>) is documented <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current">here</a>. If you have not already upgraded, please follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/upgrading.html">this link</a> for more information.</p>
    29          <p>You may follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html">this link</a> to go to the current version of this document.</p></div><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_proxy_ajp</h1>
    30  <div class="toplang">
    31  <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
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    33  </div>
    34  <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>AJP support module for
    35  <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></td></tr>
    36  <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
    37  <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>proxy_ajp_module</td></tr>
    38  <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_proxy_ajp.c</td></tr>
    39  <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.1 and later</td></tr></table>
    40  <h3>Summary</h3>
    41  
    42      <p>This module <em>requires</em> the service of <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code>. It provides support for the 
    43      <code>Apache JServ Protocol version 1.3</code> (hereafter
    44      <em>AJP13</em>).</p>
    45  
    46      <p>Thus, in order to get the ability of handling <code>AJP13</code>
    47      protocol, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code> and
    48      <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy_ajp.html">mod_proxy_ajp</a></code> have to be present in the server.</p>
    49  
    50      <div class="warning"><h3>Warning</h3>
    51        <p>Do not enable proxying until you have <a href="mod_proxy.html#access">secured your server</a>. Open proxy
    52        servers are dangerous both to your network and to the Internet at
    53        large.</p>
    54      </div>
    55  </div>
    56  <div id="quickview"><h3>Topics</h3>
    57  <ul id="topics">
    58  <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#usage">Usage</a></li>
    59  <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#env">Environment Variables</a></li>
    60  <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overviewprotocol">Overview of the protocol</a></li>
    61  <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#basppacketstruct">Basic Packet Structure</a></li>
    62  <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rpacetstruct">Request Packet Structure</a></li>
    63  <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#resppacketstruct">Response Packet Structure</a></li>
    64  </ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
    65  <p>This module provides no
    66              directives.</p>
    67  <h3>See also</h3>
    68  <ul class="seealso">
    69  <li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html">mod_proxy</a></code></li>
    70  <li><a href="../env.html">Environment Variable documentation</a></li>
    71  </ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
    72  <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
    73  <div class="section">
    74  <h2><a name="usage" id="usage">Usage</a></h2>
    75      <p>This module is used to reverse proxy to a backend application server
    76      (e.g. Apache Tomcat) using the AJP13 protocol. The usage is similar to
    77      an HTTP reverse proxy, but uses the <code>ajp://</code> prefix:</p>
    78  
    79      <div class="example"><h3>Simple Reverse Proxy</h3><p><code>
    80      ProxyPass /app ajp://backend.example.com:8009/app
    81      </code></p></div>
    82  
    83      <p>Balancers may also be used:</p>
    84      <div class="example"><h3>Balancer Reverse Proxy</h3><p><code>
    85        &lt;Proxy balancer://cluster&gt;<br />
    86        <span class="indent">
    87          BalancerMember ajp://app1.example.com:8009 loadfactor=1<br />
    88          BalancerMember ajp://app2.example.com:8009 loadfactor=2<br />
    89          ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic<br />
    90        </span>
    91        &lt;/Proxy&gt;<br />
    92        ProxyPass /app balancer://cluster/app
    93      </code></p></div>
    94      <p>Note that usually no
    95      <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code>
    96      directive is necessary. The AJP request includes the original host
    97      header given to the proxy, and the application server can be expected
    98      to generate self-referential headers relative to this host, so no
    99      rewriting is necessary.
   100      </p>
   101  
   102      <p>The main exception is when the URL path on the proxy differs from that
   103      on the
   104      backend. In this case, a redirect header can be rewritten relative to the
   105      original host URL (not the backend <code>ajp://</code> URL), for
   106      example:</p>
   107      <div class="example"><h3>Rewriting Proxied Path</h3><p><code>
   108        ProxyPass /apps/foo ajp://backend.example.com:8009/foo<br />
   109        ProxyPassReverse /apps/foo http://www.example.com/foo
   110      </code></p></div>
   111  
   112      <p>However, it is usually better to deploy the application on the backend
   113      server at the same path as the proxy rather than to take this approach.
   114      </p>
   115  </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
   116  <div class="section">
   117  <h2><a name="env" id="env">Environment Variables</a></h2>
   118      <p>Environment variables whose names have the prefix <code>AJP_</code> 
   119      are forwarded to the origin server as AJP request attributes 
   120      (with the AJP_ prefix removed from the name of the key).</p>
   121  </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
   122  <div class="section">
   123  <h2><a name="overviewprotocol" id="overviewprotocol">Overview of the protocol</a></h2>
   124      <p>The <code>AJP13</code> protocol is packet-oriented.  A binary format
   125      was presumably chosen over the more readable plain text for reasons of
   126      performance.  The web server communicates with the servlet container over
   127      TCP connections.  To cut down on the expensive process of socket creation,
   128      the web server will attempt to maintain persistent TCP connections to the
   129      servlet container, and to reuse a connection for multiple request/response
   130      cycles.</p>
   131      <p>Once a connection is assigned to a particular request, it will not be
   132      used for any others until the request-handling cycle has terminated.  In
   133      other words, requests are not multiplexed over connections.  This makes
   134      for much simpler code at either end of the connection, although it does
   135      cause more connections to be open at once.</p>
   136      <p>Once the web server has opened a connection to the servlet container,
   137      the connection can be in one of the following states:</p>
   138      <ul>
   139      <li> Idle <br /> No request is being handled over this connection. </li>
   140      <li> Assigned <br /> The connection is handling a specific request.</li>
   141      </ul>
   142      <p>Once a connection is assigned to handle a particular request, the basic
   143      request information (e.g. HTTP headers, etc) is sent over the connection in
   144      a highly condensed form (e.g. common strings are encoded as integers).
   145      Details of that format are below in Request Packet Structure. If there is a
   146      body to the request <code>(content-length &gt; 0)</code>, that is sent in a
   147      separate packet immediately after.</p>
   148      <p>At this point, the servlet container is presumably ready to start
   149      processing the request.  As it does so, it can send the
   150      following messages back to the web server:</p>
   151      <ul>
   152      <li>SEND_HEADERS <br />Send a set of headers back to the browser.</li>
   153      <li>SEND_BODY_CHUNK <br />Send a chunk of body data back to the browser.
   154      </li>
   155      <li>GET_BODY_CHUNK <br />Get further data from the request if it hasn't all
   156      been transferred yet.  This is necessary because the packets have a fixed
   157      maximum size and arbitrary amounts of data can be included the body of a
   158      request (for uploaded files, for example).  (Note: this is unrelated to
   159      HTTP chunked transfer).</li>
   160      <li>END_RESPONSE <br /> Finish the request-handling cycle.</li>
   161      </ul>
   162      <p>Each message is accompanied by a differently formatted packet of data.
   163      See Response Packet Structures below for details.</p>
   164  </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
   165  <div class="section">
   166  <h2><a name="basppacketstruct" id="basppacketstruct">Basic Packet Structure</a></h2>
   167      <p>There is a bit of an XDR heritage to this protocol, but it differs
   168      in lots of ways (no 4 byte alignment, for example).</p>
   169      <p>AJP13 uses network byte order for all data types.</p>
   170      <p>There are four data types in the protocol: bytes, booleans,
   171      integers and strings.</p>
   172      <dl>
   173      <dt><strong>Byte</strong></dt><dd>A single byte.</dd>
   174      <dt><strong>Boolean</strong></dt>
   175        <dd>A single byte, <code>1 = true</code>, <code>0 = false</code>.
   176        Using other non-zero values as true (i.e. C-style) may work in some places,
   177        but it won't in others.</dd>
   178      <dt><strong>Integer</strong></dt>
   179        <dd>A number in the range of <code>0 to 2^16 (32768)</code>.  Stored in
   180        2 bytes with the high-order byte first.</dd>
   181      <dt><strong>String</strong></dt>
   182        <dd>A variable-sized string (length bounded by 2^16). Encoded with
   183        the length packed into two bytes first, followed by the string
   184        (including the terminating '\0').  Note that the encoded length does
   185        <strong>not</strong> include the trailing '\0' -- it is like
   186        <code>strlen</code>.  This is a touch confusing on the Java side, which
   187        is littered with odd autoincrement statements to skip over these
   188        terminators.  I believe the reason this was done was to allow the C
   189        code to be extra efficient when reading strings which the servlet
   190        container is sending back -- with the terminating \0 character, the
   191        C code can pass around references into a single buffer, without copying.
   192        if the \0 was missing, the C code would have to copy things out in order
   193        to get its notion of a string.</dd>
   194      </dl>
   195  
   196    <h3>Packet Size</h3>
   197      <p>According to much of the code, the max packet size is <code>
   198      8 * 1024 bytes (8K)</code>.  The actual length of the packet is encoded in
   199      the header.</p>
   200    
   201    <h3>Packet Headers</h3>
   202      <p>Packets sent from the server to the container begin with
   203      <code>0x1234</code>.  Packets sent from the container to the server
   204      begin with <code>AB</code> (that's the ASCII code for A followed by the
   205      ASCII code for B).  After those first two bytes, there is an integer
   206      (encoded as above) with the length of the payload.  Although this might
   207      suggest that the maximum payload could be as large as 2^16, in fact, the
   208      code sets the maximum to be 8K.</p>
   209      <table>
   210         
   211        <tr>
   212          <th colspan="6"><em>Packet Format (Server-&gt;Container)</em></th>
   213        </tr>
   214        <tr>
   215          <th>Byte</th>
   216          <td>0</td>
   217          <td>1</td>
   218          <td>2</td>
   219          <td>3</td>
   220          <td>4...(n+3)</td>
   221        </tr>
   222        <tr>
   223          <th>Contents</th>
   224          <td>0x12</td>
   225          <td>0x34</td>
   226          <td colspan="2">Data Length (n)</td>
   227          <td>Data</td>
   228        </tr>
   229      </table>
   230      <table>
   231         
   232        <tr>
   233          <th colspan="6"><em>Packet Format (Container-&gt;Server)</em></th>
   234        </tr>
   235        <tr>
   236          <th>Byte</th>
   237          <td>0</td>
   238          <td>1</td>
   239          <td>2</td>
   240          <td>3</td>
   241          <td>4...(n+3)</td>
   242        </tr>
   243        <tr>
   244          <th>Contents</th>
   245          <td>A</td>
   246          <td>B</td>
   247          <td colspan="2">Data Length (n)</td>
   248          <td>Data</td>
   249        </tr>
   250      </table>
   251      <p>For most packets, the first byte of the payload encodes the type of
   252       message.  The exception is for request body packets sent from the server to
   253       the container -- they are sent with a standard packet header (<code>
   254       0x1234</code> and then length of the packet), but without any prefix code
   255       after that.</p>
   256       <p>The web server can send the following messages to the servlet
   257       container:</p>
   258      <table>
   259         
   260        <tr>
   261          <td>Code</td>
   262          <td>Type of Packet</td>
   263          <td>Meaning</td>
   264        </tr>
   265        <tr>
   266          <td>2</td>
   267          <td>Forward Request</td>
   268          <td>Begin the request-processing cycle with the following data</td>
   269        </tr>
   270        <tr>
   271          <td>7</td>
   272          <td>Shutdown</td>
   273          <td>The web server asks the container to shut itself down.</td>
   274        </tr>
   275        <tr>
   276          <td>8</td>
   277          <td>Ping</td>
   278          <td>The web server asks the container to take control
   279          (secure login phase).</td>
   280        </tr>
   281        <tr>
   282          <td>10</td>
   283          <td>CPing</td>
   284          <td>The web server asks the container to respond quickly with a CPong.
   285          </td>
   286        </tr>
   287        <tr>
   288          <td>none</td>
   289          <td>Data</td>
   290          <td>Size (2 bytes) and corresponding body data.</td>
   291        </tr>
   292      </table>
   293      <p>To ensure some basic security, the container will only actually do the
   294      <code>Shutdown</code> if the request comes from the same machine on which
   295      it's hosted.</p>
   296      <p>The first <code>Data</code> packet is send immediately after the
   297      <code>Forward Request</code> by the web server.</p>
   298      <p>The servlet container can send the following types of messages to the
   299      webserver:</p>
   300      <table>
   301         
   302        <tr>
   303          <td>Code</td>
   304          <td>Type of Packet</td>
   305          <td>Meaning</td>
   306        </tr>
   307        <tr>
   308          <td>3</td>
   309          <td>Send Body Chunk</td>
   310          <td>Send a chunk of the body from the servlet container to the web
   311          server (and presumably, onto the browser). </td>
   312        </tr>
   313        <tr>
   314          <td>4</td>
   315          <td>Send Headers</td>
   316          <td>Send the response headers from the servlet container to the web
   317          server (and presumably, onto the browser).</td>
   318        </tr>
   319        <tr>
   320          <td>5</td>
   321          <td>End Response</td>
   322          <td>Marks the end of the response (and thus the request-handling cycle).
   323          </td>
   324        </tr>
   325        <tr>
   326          <td>6</td>
   327          <td>Get Body Chunk</td>
   328          <td>Get further data from the request if it hasn't all been
   329          transferred yet.</td>
   330        </tr>
   331        <tr>
   332          <td>9</td>
   333          <td>CPong Reply</td>
   334          <td>The reply to a CPing request</td>
   335        </tr>
   336      </table>
   337      <p>Each of the above messages has a different internal structure, detailed
   338      below.</p>
   339    
   340  </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
   341  <div class="section">
   342  <h2><a name="rpacetstruct" id="rpacetstruct">Request Packet Structure</a></h2>
   343      <p>For messages from the server to the container of type
   344      <em>Forward Request</em>:</p>
   345      <div class="example"><pre>AJP13_FORWARD_REQUEST :=
   346      prefix_code      (byte) 0x02 = JK_AJP13_FORWARD_REQUEST
   347      method           (byte)
   348      protocol         (string)
   349      req_uri          (string)
   350      remote_addr      (string)
   351      remote_host      (string)
   352      server_name      (string)
   353      server_port      (integer)
   354      is_ssl           (boolean)
   355      num_headers      (integer)
   356      request_headers *(req_header_name req_header_value)
   357      attributes      *(attribut_name attribute_value)
   358      request_terminator (byte) OxFF</pre></div>
   359      <p>The <code>request_headers</code> have the following structure:
   360      </p><div class="example"><pre>req_header_name := 
   361      sc_req_header_name | (string)  [see below for how this is parsed]
   362  
   363  sc_req_header_name := 0xA0xx (integer)
   364  
   365  req_header_value := (string)</pre></div>
   366      <p>The <code>attributes</code> are optional and have the following
   367      structure:</p>
   368      <div class="example"><pre>attribute_name := sc_a_name | (sc_a_req_attribute string)
   369  
   370  attribute_value := (string)</pre></div>
   371      <p>Not that the all-important header is <code>content-length</code>,
   372      because it determines whether or not the container looks for another
   373      packet immediately.</p>
   374    <h3>Detailed description of the elements of Forward Request
   375    </h3>
   376    <h3>Request prefix</h3>
   377      <p>For all requests, this will be 2. See above for details on other Prefix
   378      codes.</p>
   379    
   380    <h3>Method</h3>
   381      <p>The HTTP method, encoded as a single byte:</p>
   382      <table>
   383        <tr><td>Command Name</td><td>Code</td></tr>
   384        <tr><td>OPTIONS</td><td>1</td></tr>
   385        <tr><td>GET</td><td>2</td></tr>
   386        <tr><td>HEAD</td><td>3</td></tr>
   387        <tr><td>POST</td><td>4</td></tr>
   388        <tr><td>PUT</td><td>5</td></tr>
   389        <tr><td>DELETE</td><td>6</td></tr>
   390        <tr><td>TRACE</td><td>7</td></tr>
   391        <tr><td>PROPFIND</td><td>8</td></tr>
   392        <tr><td>PROPPATCH</td><td>9</td></tr>
   393        <tr><td>MKCOL</td><td>10</td></tr>
   394        <tr><td>COPY</td><td>11</td></tr>
   395        <tr><td>MOVE</td><td>12</td></tr>
   396        <tr><td>LOCK</td><td>13</td></tr>
   397        <tr><td>UNLOCK</td><td>14</td></tr>
   398        <tr><td>ACL</td><td>15</td></tr>
   399        <tr><td>REPORT</td><td>16</td></tr>
   400        <tr><td>VERSION-CONTROL</td><td>17</td></tr>
   401        <tr><td>CHECKIN</td><td>18</td></tr>
   402        <tr><td>CHECKOUT</td><td>19</td></tr>
   403        <tr><td>UNCHECKOUT</td><td>20</td></tr>
   404        <tr><td>SEARCH</td><td>21</td></tr>
   405        <tr><td>MKWORKSPACE</td><td>22</td></tr>
   406        <tr><td>UPDATE</td><td>23</td></tr>
   407        <tr><td>LABEL</td><td>24</td></tr>
   408        <tr><td>MERGE</td><td>25</td></tr>
   409        <tr><td>BASELINE_CONTROL</td><td>26</td></tr>
   410        <tr><td>MKACTIVITY</td><td>27</td></tr>
   411      </table>
   412      <p>Later version of ajp13, will transport 
   413      additional methods, even if they are not in this list.</p>
   414    
   415    <h3>protocol, req_uri, remote_addr, remote_host, server_name,
   416    server_port, is_ssl</h3>
   417      <p>These are all fairly self-explanatory.  Each of these is required, and
   418      will be sent for every request.</p>
   419    
   420    <h3>Headers</h3>
   421      <p>The structure of <code>request_headers</code> is the following:
   422      First, the number of headers <code>num_headers</code> is encoded.
   423      Then, a series of header name <code>req_header_name</code> / value
   424      <code>req_header_value</code> pairs follows.
   425      Common header names are encoded as integers,
   426      to save space.  If the header name is not in the list of basic headers,
   427      it is encoded normally (as a string, with prefixed length).  The list of
   428      common headers <code>sc_req_header_name</code>and their codes
   429      is as follows (all are case-sensitive):</p>
   430      <table>
   431        <tr><td>Name</td><td>Code value</td><td>Code name</td></tr>
   432        <tr><td>accept</td><td>0xA001</td><td>SC_REQ_ACCEPT</td></tr>
   433        <tr><td>accept-charset</td><td>0xA002</td><td>SC_REQ_ACCEPT_CHARSET
   434        </td></tr>
   435        <tr><td>accept-encoding</td><td>0xA003</td><td>SC_REQ_ACCEPT_ENCODING
   436        </td></tr>
   437        <tr><td>accept-language</td><td>0xA004</td><td>SC_REQ_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE
   438        </td></tr>
   439        <tr><td>authorization</td><td>0xA005</td><td>SC_REQ_AUTHORIZATION</td>
   440        </tr>
   441        <tr><td>connection</td><td>0xA006</td><td>SC_REQ_CONNECTION</td></tr>
   442        <tr><td>content-type</td><td>0xA007</td><td>SC_REQ_CONTENT_TYPE</td>
   443        </tr>
   444        <tr><td>content-length</td><td>0xA008</td><td>SC_REQ_CONTENT_LENGTH</td>
   445        </tr>
   446        <tr><td>cookie</td><td>0xA009</td><td>SC_REQ_COOKIE</td></tr>
   447        <tr><td>cookie2</td><td>0xA00A</td><td>SC_REQ_COOKIE2</td></tr>
   448        <tr><td>host</td><td>0xA00B</td><td>SC_REQ_HOST</td></tr>
   449        <tr><td>pragma</td><td>0xA00C</td><td>SC_REQ_PRAGMA</td></tr>
   450        <tr><td>referer</td><td>0xA00D</td><td>SC_REQ_REFERER</td></tr>
   451        <tr><td>user-agent</td><td>0xA00E</td><td>SC_REQ_USER_AGENT</td></tr>
   452      </table>
   453      <p>The Java code that reads this grabs the first two-byte integer and if
   454      it sees an <code>'0xA0'</code> in the most significant
   455      byte, it uses the integer in the second byte as an index into an array of
   456      header names.  If the first byte is not <code>0xA0</code>, it assumes that
   457      the two-byte integer is the length of a string, which is then read in.</p>
   458      <p>This works on the assumption that no header names will have length
   459      greater than <code>0x9FFF (==0xA000 - 1)</code>, which is perfectly
   460      reasonable, though somewhat arbitrary.</p>
   461      <div class="note"><h3>Note:</h3>
   462      The <code>content-length</code> header is extremely
   463      important.  If it is present and non-zero, the container assumes that
   464      the request has a body (a POST request, for example), and immediately
   465      reads a separate packet off the input stream to get that body.
   466      </div>
   467    
   468    <h3>Attributes</h3>
   469      <p>The attributes prefixed with a <code>?</code>
   470      (e.g. <code>?context</code>) are all optional.  For each, there is a
   471      single byte code to indicate the type of attribute, and then its value
   472      (string or integer).  They can be sent in any order (though the C code
   473      always sends them in the order listed below).  A special terminating code
   474      is sent to signal the end of the list of optional attributes. The list of
   475      byte codes is:</p>
   476      <table>
   477        <tr><td>Information</td><td>Code Value</td><td>Type Of Value</td><td>Note</td></tr>
   478        <tr><td>?context</td><td>0x01</td><td>-</td><td>Not currently implemented
   479        </td></tr>
   480        <tr><td>?servlet_path</td><td>0x02</td><td>-</td><td>Not currently implemented
   481        </td></tr>
   482        <tr><td>?remote_user</td><td>0x03</td><td>String</td><td /></tr>
   483        <tr><td>?auth_type</td><td>0x04</td><td>String</td><td /></tr>
   484        <tr><td>?query_string</td><td>0x05</td><td>String</td><td /></tr>
   485        <tr><td>?jvm_route</td><td>0x06</td><td>String</td><td /></tr>
   486        <tr><td>?ssl_cert</td><td>0x07</td><td>String</td><td /></tr>
   487        <tr><td>?ssl_cipher</td><td>0x08</td><td>String</td><td /></tr>
   488        <tr><td>?ssl_session</td><td>0x09</td><td>String</td><td /></tr>
   489        <tr><td>?req_attribute</td><td>0x0A</td><td>String</td><td>Name (the name of the
   490        attribute follows)</td></tr>
   491        <tr><td>?ssl_key_size</td><td>0x0B</td><td>Integer</td><td /></tr>
   492        <tr><td>are_done</td><td>0xFF</td><td>-</td><td>request_terminator</td></tr>
   493      </table>
   494      <p>The <code>context</code> and <code>servlet_path</code> are not
   495      currently set by the C code, and most of the Java code completely ignores
   496      whatever is sent over for those fields (and some of it will actually break
   497      if a string is sent along after one of those codes).  I don't know if this
   498      is a bug or an unimplemented feature or just vestigial code, but it's
   499      missing from both sides of the connection.</p>
   500      <p>The <code>remote_user</code> and <code>auth_type</code> presumably
   501      refer to HTTP-level authentication, and communicate the remote user's
   502      username and the type of authentication used to establish their identity
   503      (e.g. Basic, Digest).</p>
   504      <p>The <code>query_string</code>, <code>ssl_cert</code>,
   505      <code>ssl_cipher</code>, and <code>ssl_session</code> refer to the
   506      corresponding pieces of HTTP and HTTPS.</p>
   507      <p>The <code>jvm_route</code>, is used to support sticky
   508      sessions -- associating a user's sesson with a particular Tomcat instance
   509      in the presence of multiple, load-balancing servers.</p>
   510      <p>Beyond this list of basic attributes, any number of other attributes
   511      can be sent via the <code>req_attribute</code> code <code>0x0A</code>.
   512      A pair of strings to represent the attribute name and value are sent
   513      immediately after each instance of that code.  Environment values are passed
   514      in via this method.</p>
   515      <p>Finally, after all the attributes have been sent, the attribute
   516      terminator, <code>0xFF</code>, is sent.  This signals both the end of the
   517      list of attributes and also then end of the Request Packet.</p>
   518    
   519  </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
   520  <div class="section">
   521  <h2><a name="resppacketstruct" id="resppacketstruct">Response Packet Structure</a></h2>
   522      <p>for messages which the container can send back to the server.</p>
   523      <div class="example"><pre>AJP13_SEND_BODY_CHUNK :=
   524    prefix_code   3
   525    chunk_length  (integer)
   526    chunk        *(byte)
   527    chunk_terminator (byte) Ox00
   528  
   529  AJP13_SEND_HEADERS :=
   530    prefix_code       4
   531    http_status_code  (integer)
   532    http_status_msg   (string)
   533    num_headers       (integer)
   534    response_headers *(res_header_name header_value)
   535  
   536  res_header_name :=
   537      sc_res_header_name | (string)   [see below for how this is parsed]
   538  
   539  sc_res_header_name := 0xA0 (byte)
   540  
   541  header_value := (string)
   542  
   543  AJP13_END_RESPONSE :=
   544    prefix_code       5
   545    reuse             (boolean)
   546  
   547  
   548  AJP13_GET_BODY_CHUNK :=
   549    prefix_code       6
   550    requested_length  (integer)</pre></div>
   551    <h3>Details:</h3>
   552    <h3>Send Body Chunk</h3>
   553      <p>The chunk is basically binary data, and is sent directly back to the
   554      browser.</p>
   555    
   556    <h3>Send Headers</h3>
   557      <p>The status code and message are the usual HTTP things
   558      (e.g. <code>200</code> and <code>OK</code>). The response header names are
   559      encoded the same way the request header names are. See header_encoding above
   560      for details about how the codes are distinguished from the strings.<br />
   561      The codes for common headers are:</p>
   562      <table>
   563        <tr><td>Name</td><td>Code value</td></tr>
   564        <tr><td>Content-Type</td><td>0xA001</td></tr>
   565        <tr><td>Content-Language</td><td>0xA002</td></tr>
   566        <tr><td>Content-Length</td><td>0xA003</td></tr>
   567        <tr><td>Date</td><td>0xA004</td></tr>
   568        <tr><td>Last-Modified</td><td>0xA005</td></tr>
   569        <tr><td>Location</td><td>0xA006</td></tr>
   570        <tr><td>Set-Cookie</td><td>0xA007</td></tr>
   571        <tr><td>Set-Cookie2</td><td>0xA008</td></tr>
   572        <tr><td>Servlet-Engine</td><td>0xA009</td></tr>
   573        <tr><td>Status</td><td>0xA00A</td></tr>
   574        <tr><td>WWW-Authenticate</td><td>0xA00B</td></tr>
   575      </table>
   576      <p> After the code or the string header name, the header value is
   577      immediately encoded.</p>
   578    
   579    <h3>End Response</h3>
   580      <p>Signals the end of this request-handling cycle.  If the
   581      <code>reuse</code> flag is true <code>(anything other than 0 in the actual
   582      C code)</code>, this TCP connection can now be used to handle new incoming
   583      requests.  If <code>reuse</code> is false (==0), the connection should
   584      be closed.</p>
   585    
   586    <h3>Get Body Chunk</h3>
   587      <p>The container asks for more data from the request (If the body was
   588      too large to fit in the first packet sent over or when the request is
   589      chunked). The server will send a body packet back with an amount of data
   590      which is the minimum of the <code>request_length</code>, the maximum send
   591      body size <code>(8186 (8 Kbytes - 6))</code>, and the number of bytes
   592      actually left to send from the request body.<br />
   593      If there is no more data in the body (i.e. the servlet container is
   594      trying to read past the end of the body), the server will send back an
   595      <em>empty</em> packet, which is a body packet with a payload length of 0.
   596      <code>(0x12,0x34,0x00,0x00)</code></p>
   597    
   598  </div>
   599  </div>
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