github.com/mithrandie/csvq@v1.18.1/docs/_posts/2006-01-02-set-operators.md (about) 1 --- 2 layout: default 3 title: Set Operators - Reference Manual - csvq 4 category: reference 5 --- 6 7 # Set Operators 8 9 | operator | description | 10 | :- | :- | 11 | [UNION](#union) | Return the union of result sets | 12 | [EXCEPT](#except) | Return the relative complement of result sets | 13 | [INTERSECT](#intersect) | Return the intersection of result sets | 14 15 A set operation combines result sets retrieved by select queries into a single result set. 16 If the ALL keyword is not specified, the result is distinguished. 17 18 ## UNION 19 {: #union} 20 21 ```sql 22 select_query UNION [ALL] select_query 23 ``` 24 25 _select_query_ 26 : [select_set_entity]({{ '/reference/select-query.html' | relative_url }}) 27 28 Return all records of both result sets. 29 30 ## EXCEPT 31 {: #except} 32 33 ```sql 34 select_query EXCEPT [ALL] select_query 35 ``` 36 37 _select_query_ 38 : [select_set_entity]({{ '/reference/select-query.html' | relative_url }}) 39 40 Return records of the result set of the left-hand side query that do not appear in the result set of the right-hand side query. 41 42 ## INTERSECT 43 {: #intersect} 44 45 ```sql 46 select_query INTERSECT [ALL] select_query 47 ``` 48 49 _select_query_ 50 : [select_set_entity]({{ '/reference/select-query.html' | relative_url }}) 51 52 Return only records that appear in both result sets.