github.com/mtsmfm/go/src@v0.0.0-20221020090648-44bdcb9f8fde/syscall/syscall_windows.go (about)

     1  // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  // Windows system calls.
     6  
     7  package syscall
     8  
     9  import (
    10  	errorspkg "errors"
    11  	"internal/bytealg"
    12  	"internal/itoa"
    13  	"internal/oserror"
    14  	"internal/race"
    15  	"runtime"
    16  	"sync"
    17  	"unicode/utf16"
    18  	"unsafe"
    19  )
    20  
    21  type Handle uintptr
    22  
    23  const InvalidHandle = ^Handle(0)
    24  
    25  // StringToUTF16 returns the UTF-16 encoding of the UTF-8 string s,
    26  // with a terminating NUL added. If s contains a NUL byte this
    27  // function panics instead of returning an error.
    28  //
    29  // Deprecated: Use UTF16FromString instead.
    30  func StringToUTF16(s string) []uint16 {
    31  	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
    32  	if err != nil {
    33  		panic("syscall: string with NUL passed to StringToUTF16")
    34  	}
    35  	return a
    36  }
    37  
    38  // UTF16FromString returns the UTF-16 encoding of the UTF-8 string
    39  // s, with a terminating NUL added. If s contains a NUL byte at any
    40  // location, it returns (nil, EINVAL).
    41  func UTF16FromString(s string) ([]uint16, error) {
    42  	if bytealg.IndexByteString(s, 0) != -1 {
    43  		return nil, EINVAL
    44  	}
    45  	// In the worst case all characters require two uint16.
    46  	// Also account for the terminating NULL character.
    47  	buf := make([]uint16, 0, len(s)*2+1)
    48  	for _, r := range s {
    49  		buf = utf16.AppendRune(buf, r)
    50  	}
    51  	return utf16.AppendRune(buf, '\x00'), nil
    52  }
    53  
    54  // UTF16ToString returns the UTF-8 encoding of the UTF-16 sequence s,
    55  // with a terminating NUL removed.
    56  func UTF16ToString(s []uint16) string {
    57  	for i, v := range s {
    58  		if v == 0 {
    59  			s = s[0:i]
    60  			break
    61  		}
    62  	}
    63  	return string(utf16.Decode(s))
    64  }
    65  
    66  // utf16PtrToString is like UTF16ToString, but takes *uint16
    67  // as a parameter instead of []uint16.
    68  func utf16PtrToString(p *uint16) string {
    69  	if p == nil {
    70  		return ""
    71  	}
    72  	// Find NUL terminator.
    73  	end := unsafe.Pointer(p)
    74  	n := 0
    75  	for *(*uint16)(end) != 0 {
    76  		end = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(end) + unsafe.Sizeof(*p))
    77  		n++
    78  	}
    79  	// Turn *uint16 into []uint16.
    80  	s := unsafe.Slice(p, n)
    81  	// Decode []uint16 into string.
    82  	return string(utf16.Decode(s))
    83  }
    84  
    85  // StringToUTF16Ptr returns pointer to the UTF-16 encoding of
    86  // the UTF-8 string s, with a terminating NUL added. If s
    87  // contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
    88  // returning an error.
    89  //
    90  // Deprecated: Use UTF16PtrFromString instead.
    91  func StringToUTF16Ptr(s string) *uint16 { return &StringToUTF16(s)[0] }
    92  
    93  // UTF16PtrFromString returns pointer to the UTF-16 encoding of
    94  // the UTF-8 string s, with a terminating NUL added. If s
    95  // contains a NUL byte at any location, it returns (nil, EINVAL).
    96  func UTF16PtrFromString(s string) (*uint16, error) {
    97  	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
    98  	if err != nil {
    99  		return nil, err
   100  	}
   101  	return &a[0], nil
   102  }
   103  
   104  // Errno is the Windows error number.
   105  //
   106  // Errno values can be tested against error values from the os package
   107  // using errors.Is. For example:
   108  //
   109  //	_, _, err := syscall.Syscall(...)
   110  //	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) ...
   111  type Errno uintptr
   112  
   113  func langid(pri, sub uint16) uint32 { return uint32(sub)<<10 | uint32(pri) }
   114  
   115  // FormatMessage is deprecated (msgsrc should be uintptr, not uint32, but can
   116  // not be changed due to the Go 1 compatibility guarantee).
   117  //
   118  // Deprecated: Use FormatMessage from golang.org/x/sys/windows instead.
   119  func FormatMessage(flags uint32, msgsrc uint32, msgid uint32, langid uint32, buf []uint16, args *byte) (n uint32, err error) {
   120  	return formatMessage(flags, uintptr(msgsrc), msgid, langid, buf, args)
   121  }
   122  
   123  func (e Errno) Error() string {
   124  	// deal with special go errors
   125  	idx := int(e - APPLICATION_ERROR)
   126  	if 0 <= idx && idx < len(errors) {
   127  		return errors[idx]
   128  	}
   129  	// ask windows for the remaining errors
   130  	var flags uint32 = FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_ARGUMENT_ARRAY | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS
   131  	b := make([]uint16, 300)
   132  	n, err := formatMessage(flags, 0, uint32(e), langid(LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US), b, nil)
   133  	if err != nil {
   134  		n, err = formatMessage(flags, 0, uint32(e), 0, b, nil)
   135  		if err != nil {
   136  			return "winapi error #" + itoa.Itoa(int(e))
   137  		}
   138  	}
   139  	// trim terminating \r and \n
   140  	for ; n > 0 && (b[n-1] == '\n' || b[n-1] == '\r'); n-- {
   141  	}
   142  	return string(utf16.Decode(b[:n]))
   143  }
   144  
   145  const _ERROR_BAD_NETPATH = Errno(53)
   146  
   147  func (e Errno) Is(target error) bool {
   148  	switch target {
   149  	case oserror.ErrPermission:
   150  		return e == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED
   151  	case oserror.ErrExist:
   152  		return e == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS ||
   153  			e == ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY ||
   154  			e == ERROR_FILE_EXISTS
   155  	case oserror.ErrNotExist:
   156  		return e == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND ||
   157  			e == _ERROR_BAD_NETPATH ||
   158  			e == ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND
   159  	}
   160  	return false
   161  }
   162  
   163  func (e Errno) Temporary() bool {
   164  	return e == EINTR || e == EMFILE || e.Timeout()
   165  }
   166  
   167  func (e Errno) Timeout() bool {
   168  	return e == EAGAIN || e == EWOULDBLOCK || e == ETIMEDOUT
   169  }
   170  
   171  // Implemented in runtime/syscall_windows.go.
   172  func compileCallback(fn any, cleanstack bool) uintptr
   173  
   174  // NewCallback converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the stdcall calling convention.
   175  // This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
   176  // The argument is expected to be a function with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
   177  // Only a limited number of callbacks may be created in a single Go process, and any memory allocated
   178  // for these callbacks is never released.
   179  // Between NewCallback and NewCallbackCDecl, at least 1024 callbacks can always be created.
   180  func NewCallback(fn any) uintptr {
   181  	return compileCallback(fn, true)
   182  }
   183  
   184  // NewCallbackCDecl converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the cdecl calling convention.
   185  // This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
   186  // The argument is expected to be a function with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
   187  // Only a limited number of callbacks may be created in a single Go process, and any memory allocated
   188  // for these callbacks is never released.
   189  // Between NewCallback and NewCallbackCDecl, at least 1024 callbacks can always be created.
   190  func NewCallbackCDecl(fn any) uintptr {
   191  	return compileCallback(fn, false)
   192  }
   193  
   194  // windows api calls
   195  
   196  //sys	GetLastError() (lasterr error)
   197  //sys	LoadLibrary(libname string) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryW
   198  //sys	FreeLibrary(handle Handle) (err error)
   199  //sys	GetProcAddress(module Handle, procname string) (proc uintptr, err error)
   200  //sys	GetVersion() (ver uint32, err error)
   201  //sys	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(majorVersion *uint32, minorVersion *uint32, buildNumber *uint32) = ntdll.RtlGetNtVersionNumbers
   202  //sys	formatMessage(flags uint32, msgsrc uintptr, msgid uint32, langid uint32, buf []uint16, args *byte) (n uint32, err error) = FormatMessageW
   203  //sys	ExitProcess(exitcode uint32)
   204  //sys	CreateFile(name *uint16, access uint32, mode uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes, createmode uint32, attrs uint32, templatefile int32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateFileW
   205  //sys	readFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = ReadFile
   206  //sys	writeFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = WriteFile
   207  //sys	SetFilePointer(handle Handle, lowoffset int32, highoffsetptr *int32, whence uint32) (newlowoffset uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
   208  //sys	CloseHandle(handle Handle) (err error)
   209  //sys	GetStdHandle(stdhandle int) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle]
   210  //sys	findFirstFile1(name *uint16, data *win32finddata1) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstFileW
   211  //sys	findNextFile1(handle Handle, data *win32finddata1) (err error) = FindNextFileW
   212  //sys	FindClose(handle Handle) (err error)
   213  //sys	GetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, data *ByHandleFileInformation) (err error)
   214  //sys	GetCurrentDirectory(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetCurrentDirectoryW
   215  //sys	SetCurrentDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = SetCurrentDirectoryW
   216  //sys	CreateDirectory(path *uint16, sa *SecurityAttributes) (err error) = CreateDirectoryW
   217  //sys	RemoveDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = RemoveDirectoryW
   218  //sys	DeleteFile(path *uint16) (err error) = DeleteFileW
   219  //sys	MoveFile(from *uint16, to *uint16) (err error) = MoveFileW
   220  //sys	GetComputerName(buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameW
   221  //sys	SetEndOfFile(handle Handle) (err error)
   222  //sys	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
   223  //sys	GetTimeZoneInformation(tzi *Timezoneinformation) (rc uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
   224  //sys	createIoCompletionPort(filehandle Handle, cphandle Handle, key uintptr, threadcnt uint32) (handle Handle, err error) = CreateIoCompletionPort
   225  //sys	getQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty *uint32, key *uintptr, overlapped **Overlapped, timeout uint32) (err error) = GetQueuedCompletionStatus
   226  //sys	postQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty uint32, key uintptr, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = PostQueuedCompletionStatus
   227  //sys	CancelIo(s Handle) (err error)
   228  //sys	CancelIoEx(s Handle, o *Overlapped) (err error)
   229  //sys	CreateProcess(appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = CreateProcessW
   230  //sys	CreateProcessAsUser(token Token, appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = advapi32.CreateProcessAsUserW
   231  //sys	OpenProcess(da uint32, inheritHandle bool, pid uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
   232  //sys	TerminateProcess(handle Handle, exitcode uint32) (err error)
   233  //sys	GetExitCodeProcess(handle Handle, exitcode *uint32) (err error)
   234  //sys	GetStartupInfo(startupInfo *StartupInfo) (err error) = GetStartupInfoW
   235  //sys	GetCurrentProcess() (pseudoHandle Handle, err error)
   236  //sys	GetProcessTimes(handle Handle, creationTime *Filetime, exitTime *Filetime, kernelTime *Filetime, userTime *Filetime) (err error)
   237  //sys	DuplicateHandle(hSourceProcessHandle Handle, hSourceHandle Handle, hTargetProcessHandle Handle, lpTargetHandle *Handle, dwDesiredAccess uint32, bInheritHandle bool, dwOptions uint32) (err error)
   238  //sys	WaitForSingleObject(handle Handle, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
   239  //sys	GetTempPath(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetTempPathW
   240  //sys	CreatePipe(readhandle *Handle, writehandle *Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, size uint32) (err error)
   241  //sys	GetFileType(filehandle Handle) (n uint32, err error)
   242  //sys	CryptAcquireContext(provhandle *Handle, container *uint16, provider *uint16, provtype uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptAcquireContextW
   243  //sys	CryptReleaseContext(provhandle Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptReleaseContext
   244  //sys	CryptGenRandom(provhandle Handle, buflen uint32, buf *byte) (err error) = advapi32.CryptGenRandom
   245  //sys	GetEnvironmentStrings() (envs *uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = kernel32.GetEnvironmentStringsW
   246  //sys	FreeEnvironmentStrings(envs *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.FreeEnvironmentStringsW
   247  //sys	GetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, buffer *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableW
   248  //sys	SetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, value *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.SetEnvironmentVariableW
   249  //sys	SetFileTime(handle Handle, ctime *Filetime, atime *Filetime, wtime *Filetime) (err error)
   250  //sys	GetFileAttributes(name *uint16) (attrs uint32, err error) [failretval==INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES] = kernel32.GetFileAttributesW
   251  //sys	SetFileAttributes(name *uint16, attrs uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileAttributesW
   252  //sys	GetFileAttributesEx(name *uint16, level uint32, info *byte) (err error) = kernel32.GetFileAttributesExW
   253  //sys	GetCommandLine() (cmd *uint16) = kernel32.GetCommandLineW
   254  //sys	CommandLineToArgv(cmd *uint16, argc *int32) (argv *[8192]*[8192]uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
   255  //sys	LocalFree(hmem Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval!=0]
   256  //sys	SetHandleInformation(handle Handle, mask uint32, flags uint32) (err error)
   257  //sys	FlushFileBuffers(handle Handle) (err error)
   258  //sys	GetFullPathName(path *uint16, buflen uint32, buf *uint16, fname **uint16) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFullPathNameW
   259  //sys	GetLongPathName(path *uint16, buf *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetLongPathNameW
   260  //sys	GetShortPathName(longpath *uint16, shortpath *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetShortPathNameW
   261  //sys	CreateFileMapping(fhandle Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, prot uint32, maxSizeHigh uint32, maxSizeLow uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.CreateFileMappingW
   262  //sys	MapViewOfFile(handle Handle, access uint32, offsetHigh uint32, offsetLow uint32, length uintptr) (addr uintptr, err error)
   263  //sys	UnmapViewOfFile(addr uintptr) (err error)
   264  //sys	FlushViewOfFile(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
   265  //sys	VirtualLock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
   266  //sys	VirtualUnlock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
   267  //sys	TransmitFile(s Handle, handle Handle, bytesToWrite uint32, bytsPerSend uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, transmitFileBuf *TransmitFileBuffers, flags uint32) (err error) = mswsock.TransmitFile
   268  //sys	ReadDirectoryChanges(handle Handle, buf *byte, buflen uint32, watchSubTree bool, mask uint32, retlen *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.ReadDirectoryChangesW
   269  //sys	CertOpenSystemStore(hprov Handle, name *uint16) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenSystemStoreW
   270  //sys   CertOpenStore(storeProvider uintptr, msgAndCertEncodingType uint32, cryptProv uintptr, flags uint32, para uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenStore
   271  //sys	CertEnumCertificatesInStore(store Handle, prevContext *CertContext) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertEnumCertificatesInStore
   272  //sys   CertAddCertificateContextToStore(store Handle, certContext *CertContext, addDisposition uint32, storeContext **CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertAddCertificateContextToStore
   273  //sys	CertCloseStore(store Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CertCloseStore
   274  //sys   CertGetCertificateChain(engine Handle, leaf *CertContext, time *Filetime, additionalStore Handle, para *CertChainPara, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, chainCtx **CertChainContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertGetCertificateChain
   275  //sys   CertFreeCertificateChain(ctx *CertChainContext) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateChain
   276  //sys   CertCreateCertificateContext(certEncodingType uint32, certEncoded *byte, encodedLen uint32) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertCreateCertificateContext
   277  //sys   CertFreeCertificateContext(ctx *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateContext
   278  //sys   CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy(policyOID uintptr, chain *CertChainContext, para *CertChainPolicyPara, status *CertChainPolicyStatus) (err error) = crypt32.CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy
   279  //sys	RegOpenKeyEx(key Handle, subkey *uint16, options uint32, desiredAccess uint32, result *Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegOpenKeyExW
   280  //sys	RegCloseKey(key Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegCloseKey
   281  //sys	RegQueryInfoKey(key Handle, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, subkeysLen *uint32, maxSubkeyLen *uint32, maxClassLen *uint32, valuesLen *uint32, maxValueNameLen *uint32, maxValueLen *uint32, saLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryInfoKeyW
   282  //sys	regEnumKeyEx(key Handle, index uint32, name *uint16, nameLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegEnumKeyExW
   283  //sys	RegQueryValueEx(key Handle, name *uint16, reserved *uint32, valtype *uint32, buf *byte, buflen *uint32) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryValueExW
   284  //sys	getCurrentProcessId() (pid uint32) = kernel32.GetCurrentProcessId
   285  //sys	GetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleMode
   286  //sys	WriteConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, towrite uint32, written *uint32, reserved *byte) (err error) = kernel32.WriteConsoleW
   287  //sys	ReadConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, toread uint32, read *uint32, inputControl *byte) (err error) = kernel32.ReadConsoleW
   288  //sys	CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(flags uint32, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
   289  //sys	Process32First(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32FirstW
   290  //sys	Process32Next(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32NextW
   291  //sys	DeviceIoControl(handle Handle, ioControlCode uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferSize uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferSize uint32, bytesReturned *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
   292  // This function returns 1 byte BOOLEAN rather than the 4 byte BOOL.
   293  //sys	CreateSymbolicLink(symlinkfilename *uint16, targetfilename *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateSymbolicLinkW
   294  //sys	CreateHardLink(filename *uint16, existingfilename *uint16, reserved uintptr) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateHardLinkW
   295  //sys	initializeProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *_PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, attrcount uint32, flags uint32, size *uintptr) (err error) = InitializeProcThreadAttributeList
   296  //sys	deleteProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *_PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST) = DeleteProcThreadAttributeList
   297  //sys	updateProcThreadAttribute(attrlist *_PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, flags uint32, attr uintptr, value unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr, prevvalue unsafe.Pointer, returnedsize *uintptr) (err error) = UpdateProcThreadAttribute
   298  
   299  // syscall interface implementation for other packages
   300  
   301  func makeInheritSa() *SecurityAttributes {
   302  	var sa SecurityAttributes
   303  	sa.Length = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa))
   304  	sa.InheritHandle = 1
   305  	return &sa
   306  }
   307  
   308  func Open(path string, mode int, perm uint32) (fd Handle, err error) {
   309  	if len(path) == 0 {
   310  		return InvalidHandle, ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
   311  	}
   312  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   313  	if err != nil {
   314  		return InvalidHandle, err
   315  	}
   316  	var access uint32
   317  	switch mode & (O_RDONLY | O_WRONLY | O_RDWR) {
   318  	case O_RDONLY:
   319  		access = GENERIC_READ
   320  	case O_WRONLY:
   321  		access = GENERIC_WRITE
   322  	case O_RDWR:
   323  		access = GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE
   324  	}
   325  	if mode&O_CREAT != 0 {
   326  		access |= GENERIC_WRITE
   327  	}
   328  	if mode&O_APPEND != 0 {
   329  		access &^= GENERIC_WRITE
   330  		access |= FILE_APPEND_DATA
   331  	}
   332  	sharemode := uint32(FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE)
   333  	var sa *SecurityAttributes
   334  	if mode&O_CLOEXEC == 0 {
   335  		sa = makeInheritSa()
   336  	}
   337  	var createmode uint32
   338  	switch {
   339  	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_EXCL) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL):
   340  		createmode = CREATE_NEW
   341  	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_TRUNC) == (O_CREAT | O_TRUNC):
   342  		createmode = CREATE_ALWAYS
   343  	case mode&O_CREAT == O_CREAT:
   344  		createmode = OPEN_ALWAYS
   345  	case mode&O_TRUNC == O_TRUNC:
   346  		createmode = TRUNCATE_EXISTING
   347  	default:
   348  		createmode = OPEN_EXISTING
   349  	}
   350  	var attrs uint32 = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL
   351  	if perm&S_IWRITE == 0 {
   352  		attrs = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
   353  		if createmode == CREATE_ALWAYS {
   354  			// We have been asked to create a read-only file.
   355  			// If the file already exists, the semantics of
   356  			// the Unix open system call is to preserve the
   357  			// existing permissions. If we pass CREATE_ALWAYS
   358  			// and FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY to CreateFile,
   359  			// and the file already exists, CreateFile will
   360  			// change the file permissions.
   361  			// Avoid that to preserve the Unix semantics.
   362  			h, e := CreateFile(pathp, access, sharemode, sa, TRUNCATE_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, 0)
   363  			switch e {
   364  			case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND, _ERROR_BAD_NETPATH, ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
   365  				// File does not exist. These are the same
   366  				// errors as Errno.Is checks for ErrNotExist.
   367  				// Carry on to create the file.
   368  			default:
   369  				// Success or some different error.
   370  				return h, e
   371  			}
   372  		}
   373  	}
   374  	h, e := CreateFile(pathp, access, sharemode, sa, createmode, attrs, 0)
   375  	return h, e
   376  }
   377  
   378  func Read(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
   379  	var done uint32
   380  	e := ReadFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
   381  	if e != nil {
   382  		if e == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE {
   383  			// NOTE(brainman): work around ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE is returned on reading EOF from stdin
   384  			return 0, nil
   385  		}
   386  		return 0, e
   387  	}
   388  	return int(done), nil
   389  }
   390  
   391  func Write(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
   392  	var done uint32
   393  	e := WriteFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
   394  	if e != nil {
   395  		return 0, e
   396  	}
   397  	return int(done), nil
   398  }
   399  
   400  func ReadFile(fd Handle, p []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
   401  	err := readFile(fd, p, done, overlapped)
   402  	if race.Enabled {
   403  		if *done > 0 {
   404  			race.WriteRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
   405  		}
   406  		race.Acquire(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
   407  	}
   408  	if msanenabled && *done > 0 {
   409  		msanWrite(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
   410  	}
   411  	if asanenabled && *done > 0 {
   412  		asanWrite(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
   413  	}
   414  	return err
   415  }
   416  
   417  func WriteFile(fd Handle, p []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
   418  	if race.Enabled {
   419  		race.ReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
   420  	}
   421  	err := writeFile(fd, p, done, overlapped)
   422  	if race.Enabled && *done > 0 {
   423  		race.ReadRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
   424  	}
   425  	if msanenabled && *done > 0 {
   426  		msanRead(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
   427  	}
   428  	if asanenabled && *done > 0 {
   429  		asanRead(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
   430  	}
   431  	return err
   432  }
   433  
   434  var ioSync int64
   435  
   436  var procSetFilePointerEx = modkernel32.NewProc("SetFilePointerEx")
   437  
   438  const ptrSize = unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0))
   439  
   440  // setFilePointerEx calls SetFilePointerEx.
   441  // See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365542(v=vs.85).aspx
   442  func setFilePointerEx(handle Handle, distToMove int64, newFilePointer *int64, whence uint32) error {
   443  	var e1 Errno
   444  	if unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0)) == 8 {
   445  		_, _, e1 = Syscall6(procSetFilePointerEx.Addr(), 4, uintptr(handle), uintptr(distToMove), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(newFilePointer)), uintptr(whence), 0, 0)
   446  	} else {
   447  		// Different 32-bit systems disgaree about whether distToMove starts 8-byte aligned.
   448  		switch runtime.GOARCH {
   449  		default:
   450  			panic("unsupported 32-bit architecture")
   451  		case "386":
   452  			// distToMove is a LARGE_INTEGER, which is 64 bits.
   453  			_, _, e1 = Syscall6(procSetFilePointerEx.Addr(), 5, uintptr(handle), uintptr(distToMove), uintptr(distToMove>>32), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(newFilePointer)), uintptr(whence), 0)
   454  		case "arm":
   455  			// distToMove must be 8-byte aligned per ARM calling convention
   456  			// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/overview-of-arm-abi-conventions#stage-c-assignment-of-arguments-to-registers-and-stack
   457  			_, _, e1 = Syscall6(procSetFilePointerEx.Addr(), 6, uintptr(handle), 0, uintptr(distToMove), uintptr(distToMove>>32), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(newFilePointer)), uintptr(whence))
   458  		}
   459  	}
   460  	if e1 != 0 {
   461  		return errnoErr(e1)
   462  	}
   463  	return nil
   464  }
   465  
   466  func Seek(fd Handle, offset int64, whence int) (newoffset int64, err error) {
   467  	var w uint32
   468  	switch whence {
   469  	case 0:
   470  		w = FILE_BEGIN
   471  	case 1:
   472  		w = FILE_CURRENT
   473  	case 2:
   474  		w = FILE_END
   475  	}
   476  	// use GetFileType to check pipe, pipe can't do seek
   477  	ft, _ := GetFileType(fd)
   478  	if ft == FILE_TYPE_PIPE {
   479  		return 0, ESPIPE
   480  	}
   481  	err = setFilePointerEx(fd, offset, &newoffset, w)
   482  	return
   483  }
   484  
   485  func Close(fd Handle) (err error) {
   486  	return CloseHandle(fd)
   487  }
   488  
   489  var (
   490  	Stdin  = getStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
   491  	Stdout = getStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
   492  	Stderr = getStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE)
   493  )
   494  
   495  func getStdHandle(h int) (fd Handle) {
   496  	r, _ := GetStdHandle(h)
   497  	return r
   498  }
   499  
   500  const ImplementsGetwd = true
   501  
   502  func Getwd() (wd string, err error) {
   503  	b := make([]uint16, 300)
   504  	n, e := GetCurrentDirectory(uint32(len(b)), &b[0])
   505  	if e != nil {
   506  		return "", e
   507  	}
   508  	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
   509  }
   510  
   511  func Chdir(path string) (err error) {
   512  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   513  	if err != nil {
   514  		return err
   515  	}
   516  	return SetCurrentDirectory(pathp)
   517  }
   518  
   519  func Mkdir(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
   520  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   521  	if err != nil {
   522  		return err
   523  	}
   524  	return CreateDirectory(pathp, nil)
   525  }
   526  
   527  func Rmdir(path string) (err error) {
   528  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   529  	if err != nil {
   530  		return err
   531  	}
   532  	return RemoveDirectory(pathp)
   533  }
   534  
   535  func Unlink(path string) (err error) {
   536  	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   537  	if err != nil {
   538  		return err
   539  	}
   540  	return DeleteFile(pathp)
   541  }
   542  
   543  func Rename(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) {
   544  	from, err := UTF16PtrFromString(oldpath)
   545  	if err != nil {
   546  		return err
   547  	}
   548  	to, err := UTF16PtrFromString(newpath)
   549  	if err != nil {
   550  		return err
   551  	}
   552  	return MoveFile(from, to)
   553  }
   554  
   555  func ComputerName() (name string, err error) {
   556  	var n uint32 = MAX_COMPUTERNAME_LENGTH + 1
   557  	b := make([]uint16, n)
   558  	e := GetComputerName(&b[0], &n)
   559  	if e != nil {
   560  		return "", e
   561  	}
   562  	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
   563  }
   564  
   565  func Ftruncate(fd Handle, length int64) (err error) {
   566  	curoffset, e := Seek(fd, 0, 1)
   567  	if e != nil {
   568  		return e
   569  	}
   570  	defer Seek(fd, curoffset, 0)
   571  	_, e = Seek(fd, length, 0)
   572  	if e != nil {
   573  		return e
   574  	}
   575  	e = SetEndOfFile(fd)
   576  	if e != nil {
   577  		return e
   578  	}
   579  	return nil
   580  }
   581  
   582  func Gettimeofday(tv *Timeval) (err error) {
   583  	var ft Filetime
   584  	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft)
   585  	*tv = NsecToTimeval(ft.Nanoseconds())
   586  	return nil
   587  }
   588  
   589  func Pipe(p []Handle) (err error) {
   590  	if len(p) != 2 {
   591  		return EINVAL
   592  	}
   593  	var r, w Handle
   594  	e := CreatePipe(&r, &w, makeInheritSa(), 0)
   595  	if e != nil {
   596  		return e
   597  	}
   598  	p[0] = r
   599  	p[1] = w
   600  	return nil
   601  }
   602  
   603  func Utimes(path string, tv []Timeval) (err error) {
   604  	if len(tv) != 2 {
   605  		return EINVAL
   606  	}
   607  	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   608  	if e != nil {
   609  		return e
   610  	}
   611  	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
   612  		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
   613  		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
   614  	if e != nil {
   615  		return e
   616  	}
   617  	defer Close(h)
   618  	a := NsecToFiletime(tv[0].Nanoseconds())
   619  	w := NsecToFiletime(tv[1].Nanoseconds())
   620  	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
   621  }
   622  
   623  func UtimesNano(path string, ts []Timespec) (err error) {
   624  	if len(ts) != 2 {
   625  		return EINVAL
   626  	}
   627  	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   628  	if e != nil {
   629  		return e
   630  	}
   631  	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
   632  		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
   633  		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
   634  	if e != nil {
   635  		return e
   636  	}
   637  	defer Close(h)
   638  	a := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[0]))
   639  	w := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[1]))
   640  	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
   641  }
   642  
   643  func Fsync(fd Handle) (err error) {
   644  	return FlushFileBuffers(fd)
   645  }
   646  
   647  func Chmod(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
   648  	p, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
   649  	if e != nil {
   650  		return e
   651  	}
   652  	attrs, e := GetFileAttributes(p)
   653  	if e != nil {
   654  		return e
   655  	}
   656  	if mode&S_IWRITE != 0 {
   657  		attrs &^= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
   658  	} else {
   659  		attrs |= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
   660  	}
   661  	return SetFileAttributes(p, attrs)
   662  }
   663  
   664  func LoadCancelIoEx() error {
   665  	return procCancelIoEx.Find()
   666  }
   667  
   668  func LoadSetFileCompletionNotificationModes() error {
   669  	return procSetFileCompletionNotificationModes.Find()
   670  }
   671  
   672  // net api calls
   673  
   674  const socket_error = uintptr(^uint32(0))
   675  
   676  //sys	WSAStartup(verreq uint32, data *WSAData) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.WSAStartup
   677  //sys	WSACleanup() (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSACleanup
   678  //sys	WSAIoctl(s Handle, iocc uint32, inbuf *byte, cbif uint32, outbuf *byte, cbob uint32, cbbr *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSAIoctl
   679  //sys	socket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.socket
   680  //sys	Setsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.setsockopt
   681  //sys	Getsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockopt
   682  //sys	bind(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.bind
   683  //sys	connect(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.connect
   684  //sys	getsockname(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockname
   685  //sys	getpeername(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getpeername
   686  //sys	listen(s Handle, backlog int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.listen
   687  //sys	shutdown(s Handle, how int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.shutdown
   688  //sys	Closesocket(s Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.closesocket
   689  //sys	AcceptEx(ls Handle, as Handle, buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, recvd *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = mswsock.AcceptEx
   690  //sys	GetAcceptExSockaddrs(buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, lrsa **RawSockaddrAny, lrsalen *int32, rrsa **RawSockaddrAny, rrsalen *int32) = mswsock.GetAcceptExSockaddrs
   691  //sys	WSARecv(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecv
   692  //sys	WSASend(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASend
   693  //sys	WSARecvFrom(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32,  from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecvFrom
   694  //sys	WSASendTo(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to *RawSockaddrAny, tolen int32,  overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASendTo
   695  //sys	GetHostByName(name string) (h *Hostent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.gethostbyname
   696  //sys	GetServByName(name string, proto string) (s *Servent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getservbyname
   697  //sys	Ntohs(netshort uint16) (u uint16) = ws2_32.ntohs
   698  //sys	GetProtoByName(name string) (p *Protoent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getprotobyname
   699  //sys	DnsQuery(name string, qtype uint16, options uint32, extra *byte, qrs **DNSRecord, pr *byte) (status error) = dnsapi.DnsQuery_W
   700  //sys	DnsRecordListFree(rl *DNSRecord, freetype uint32) = dnsapi.DnsRecordListFree
   701  //sys	DnsNameCompare(name1 *uint16, name2 *uint16) (same bool) = dnsapi.DnsNameCompare_W
   702  //sys	GetAddrInfoW(nodename *uint16, servicename *uint16, hints *AddrinfoW, result **AddrinfoW) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.GetAddrInfoW
   703  //sys	FreeAddrInfoW(addrinfo *AddrinfoW) = ws2_32.FreeAddrInfoW
   704  //sys	GetIfEntry(pIfRow *MibIfRow) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetIfEntry
   705  //sys	GetAdaptersInfo(ai *IpAdapterInfo, ol *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersInfo
   706  //sys	SetFileCompletionNotificationModes(handle Handle, flags uint8) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileCompletionNotificationModes
   707  //sys	WSAEnumProtocols(protocols *int32, protocolBuffer *WSAProtocolInfo, bufferLength *uint32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.WSAEnumProtocolsW
   708  
   709  // For testing: clients can set this flag to force
   710  // creation of IPv6 sockets to return EAFNOSUPPORT.
   711  var SocketDisableIPv6 bool
   712  
   713  type RawSockaddrInet4 struct {
   714  	Family uint16
   715  	Port   uint16
   716  	Addr   [4]byte /* in_addr */
   717  	Zero   [8]uint8
   718  }
   719  
   720  type RawSockaddrInet6 struct {
   721  	Family   uint16
   722  	Port     uint16
   723  	Flowinfo uint32
   724  	Addr     [16]byte /* in6_addr */
   725  	Scope_id uint32
   726  }
   727  
   728  type RawSockaddr struct {
   729  	Family uint16
   730  	Data   [14]int8
   731  }
   732  
   733  type RawSockaddrAny struct {
   734  	Addr RawSockaddr
   735  	Pad  [100]int8
   736  }
   737  
   738  type Sockaddr interface {
   739  	sockaddr() (ptr unsafe.Pointer, len int32, err error) // lowercase; only we can define Sockaddrs
   740  }
   741  
   742  type SockaddrInet4 struct {
   743  	Port int
   744  	Addr [4]byte
   745  	raw  RawSockaddrInet4
   746  }
   747  
   748  func (sa *SockaddrInet4) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
   749  	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
   750  		return nil, 0, EINVAL
   751  	}
   752  	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET
   753  	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
   754  	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
   755  	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
   756  	sa.raw.Addr = sa.Addr
   757  	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
   758  }
   759  
   760  type SockaddrInet6 struct {
   761  	Port   int
   762  	ZoneId uint32
   763  	Addr   [16]byte
   764  	raw    RawSockaddrInet6
   765  }
   766  
   767  func (sa *SockaddrInet6) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
   768  	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
   769  		return nil, 0, EINVAL
   770  	}
   771  	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET6
   772  	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
   773  	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
   774  	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
   775  	sa.raw.Scope_id = sa.ZoneId
   776  	sa.raw.Addr = sa.Addr
   777  	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
   778  }
   779  
   780  type RawSockaddrUnix struct {
   781  	Family uint16
   782  	Path   [UNIX_PATH_MAX]int8
   783  }
   784  
   785  type SockaddrUnix struct {
   786  	Name string
   787  	raw  RawSockaddrUnix
   788  }
   789  
   790  func (sa *SockaddrUnix) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
   791  	name := sa.Name
   792  	n := len(name)
   793  	if n > len(sa.raw.Path) {
   794  		return nil, 0, EINVAL
   795  	}
   796  	if n == len(sa.raw.Path) && name[0] != '@' {
   797  		return nil, 0, EINVAL
   798  	}
   799  	sa.raw.Family = AF_UNIX
   800  	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
   801  		sa.raw.Path[i] = int8(name[i])
   802  	}
   803  	// length is family (uint16), name, NUL.
   804  	sl := int32(2)
   805  	if n > 0 {
   806  		sl += int32(n) + 1
   807  	}
   808  	if sa.raw.Path[0] == '@' {
   809  		sa.raw.Path[0] = 0
   810  		// Don't count trailing NUL for abstract address.
   811  		sl--
   812  	}
   813  
   814  	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), sl, nil
   815  }
   816  
   817  func (rsa *RawSockaddrAny) Sockaddr() (Sockaddr, error) {
   818  	switch rsa.Addr.Family {
   819  	case AF_UNIX:
   820  		pp := (*RawSockaddrUnix)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
   821  		sa := new(SockaddrUnix)
   822  		if pp.Path[0] == 0 {
   823  			// "Abstract" Unix domain socket.
   824  			// Rewrite leading NUL as @ for textual display.
   825  			// (This is the standard convention.)
   826  			// Not friendly to overwrite in place,
   827  			// but the callers below don't care.
   828  			pp.Path[0] = '@'
   829  		}
   830  
   831  		// Assume path ends at NUL.
   832  		// This is not technically the Linux semantics for
   833  		// abstract Unix domain sockets--they are supposed
   834  		// to be uninterpreted fixed-size binary blobs--but
   835  		// everyone uses this convention.
   836  		n := 0
   837  		for n < len(pp.Path) && pp.Path[n] != 0 {
   838  			n++
   839  		}
   840  		bytes := (*[len(pp.Path)]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Path[0]))[0:n:n]
   841  		sa.Name = string(bytes)
   842  		return sa, nil
   843  
   844  	case AF_INET:
   845  		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet4)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
   846  		sa := new(SockaddrInet4)
   847  		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
   848  		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
   849  		sa.Addr = pp.Addr
   850  		return sa, nil
   851  
   852  	case AF_INET6:
   853  		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet6)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
   854  		sa := new(SockaddrInet6)
   855  		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
   856  		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
   857  		sa.ZoneId = pp.Scope_id
   858  		sa.Addr = pp.Addr
   859  		return sa, nil
   860  	}
   861  	return nil, EAFNOSUPPORT
   862  }
   863  
   864  func Socket(domain, typ, proto int) (fd Handle, err error) {
   865  	if domain == AF_INET6 && SocketDisableIPv6 {
   866  		return InvalidHandle, EAFNOSUPPORT
   867  	}
   868  	return socket(int32(domain), int32(typ), int32(proto))
   869  }
   870  
   871  func SetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int, value int) (err error) {
   872  	v := int32(value)
   873  	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v)))
   874  }
   875  
   876  func Bind(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
   877  	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
   878  	if err != nil {
   879  		return err
   880  	}
   881  	return bind(fd, ptr, n)
   882  }
   883  
   884  func Connect(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
   885  	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
   886  	if err != nil {
   887  		return err
   888  	}
   889  	return connect(fd, ptr, n)
   890  }
   891  
   892  func Getsockname(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
   893  	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
   894  	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
   895  	if err = getsockname(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
   896  		return
   897  	}
   898  	return rsa.Sockaddr()
   899  }
   900  
   901  func Getpeername(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
   902  	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
   903  	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
   904  	if err = getpeername(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
   905  		return
   906  	}
   907  	return rsa.Sockaddr()
   908  }
   909  
   910  func Listen(s Handle, n int) (err error) {
   911  	return listen(s, int32(n))
   912  }
   913  
   914  func Shutdown(fd Handle, how int) (err error) {
   915  	return shutdown(fd, int32(how))
   916  }
   917  
   918  func WSASendto(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to Sockaddr, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) {
   919  	var rsa unsafe.Pointer
   920  	var len int32
   921  	if to != nil {
   922  		rsa, len, err = to.sockaddr()
   923  		if err != nil {
   924  			return err
   925  		}
   926  	}
   927  	r1, _, e1 := Syscall9(procWSASendTo.Addr(), 9, uintptr(s), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bufs)), uintptr(bufcnt), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(sent)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), uintptr(len), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)))
   928  	if r1 == socket_error {
   929  		if e1 != 0 {
   930  			err = errnoErr(e1)
   931  		} else {
   932  			err = EINVAL
   933  		}
   934  	}
   935  	return err
   936  }
   937  
   938  func wsaSendtoInet4(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to *SockaddrInet4, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) {
   939  	rsa, len, err := to.sockaddr()
   940  	if err != nil {
   941  		return err
   942  	}
   943  	r1, _, e1 := Syscall9(procWSASendTo.Addr(), 9, uintptr(s), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bufs)), uintptr(bufcnt), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(sent)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), uintptr(len), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)))
   944  	if r1 == socket_error {
   945  		if e1 != 0 {
   946  			err = errnoErr(e1)
   947  		} else {
   948  			err = EINVAL
   949  		}
   950  	}
   951  	return err
   952  }
   953  
   954  func wsaSendtoInet6(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to *SockaddrInet6, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) {
   955  	rsa, len, err := to.sockaddr()
   956  	if err != nil {
   957  		return err
   958  	}
   959  	r1, _, e1 := Syscall9(procWSASendTo.Addr(), 9, uintptr(s), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bufs)), uintptr(bufcnt), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(sent)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), uintptr(len), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)))
   960  	if r1 == socket_error {
   961  		if e1 != 0 {
   962  			err = errnoErr(e1)
   963  		} else {
   964  			err = EINVAL
   965  		}
   966  	}
   967  	return err
   968  }
   969  
   970  func LoadGetAddrInfo() error {
   971  	return procGetAddrInfoW.Find()
   972  }
   973  
   974  var connectExFunc struct {
   975  	once sync.Once
   976  	addr uintptr
   977  	err  error
   978  }
   979  
   980  func LoadConnectEx() error {
   981  	connectExFunc.once.Do(func() {
   982  		var s Handle
   983  		s, connectExFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)
   984  		if connectExFunc.err != nil {
   985  			return
   986  		}
   987  		defer CloseHandle(s)
   988  		var n uint32
   989  		connectExFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
   990  			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
   991  			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
   992  			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
   993  			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&connectExFunc.addr)),
   994  			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(connectExFunc.addr)),
   995  			&n, nil, 0)
   996  	})
   997  	return connectExFunc.err
   998  }
   999  
  1000  func connectEx(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) {
  1001  	r1, _, e1 := Syscall9(connectExFunc.addr, 7, uintptr(s), uintptr(name), uintptr(namelen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(sendBuf)), uintptr(sendDataLen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), 0, 0)
  1002  	if r1 == 0 {
  1003  		if e1 != 0 {
  1004  			err = error(e1)
  1005  		} else {
  1006  			err = EINVAL
  1007  		}
  1008  	}
  1009  	return
  1010  }
  1011  
  1012  func ConnectEx(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
  1013  	err := LoadConnectEx()
  1014  	if err != nil {
  1015  		return errorspkg.New("failed to find ConnectEx: " + err.Error())
  1016  	}
  1017  	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
  1018  	if err != nil {
  1019  		return err
  1020  	}
  1021  	return connectEx(fd, ptr, n, sendBuf, sendDataLen, bytesSent, overlapped)
  1022  }
  1023  
  1024  // Invented structures to support what package os expects.
  1025  type Rusage struct {
  1026  	CreationTime Filetime
  1027  	ExitTime     Filetime
  1028  	KernelTime   Filetime
  1029  	UserTime     Filetime
  1030  }
  1031  
  1032  type WaitStatus struct {
  1033  	ExitCode uint32
  1034  }
  1035  
  1036  func (w WaitStatus) Exited() bool { return true }
  1037  
  1038  func (w WaitStatus) ExitStatus() int { return int(w.ExitCode) }
  1039  
  1040  func (w WaitStatus) Signal() Signal { return -1 }
  1041  
  1042  func (w WaitStatus) CoreDump() bool { return false }
  1043  
  1044  func (w WaitStatus) Stopped() bool { return false }
  1045  
  1046  func (w WaitStatus) Continued() bool { return false }
  1047  
  1048  func (w WaitStatus) StopSignal() Signal { return -1 }
  1049  
  1050  func (w WaitStatus) Signaled() bool { return false }
  1051  
  1052  func (w WaitStatus) TrapCause() int { return -1 }
  1053  
  1054  // Timespec is an invented structure on Windows, but here for
  1055  // consistency with the syscall package for other operating systems.
  1056  type Timespec struct {
  1057  	Sec  int64
  1058  	Nsec int64
  1059  }
  1060  
  1061  func TimespecToNsec(ts Timespec) int64 { return int64(ts.Sec)*1e9 + int64(ts.Nsec) }
  1062  
  1063  func NsecToTimespec(nsec int64) (ts Timespec) {
  1064  	ts.Sec = nsec / 1e9
  1065  	ts.Nsec = nsec % 1e9
  1066  	return
  1067  }
  1068  
  1069  // TODO(brainman): fix all needed for net
  1070  
  1071  func Accept(fd Handle) (nfd Handle, sa Sockaddr, err error) { return 0, nil, EWINDOWS }
  1072  func Recvfrom(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int) (n int, from Sockaddr, err error) {
  1073  	return 0, nil, EWINDOWS
  1074  }
  1075  func Sendto(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int, to Sockaddr) (err error)       { return EWINDOWS }
  1076  func SetsockoptTimeval(fd Handle, level, opt int, tv *Timeval) (err error) { return EWINDOWS }
  1077  
  1078  // The Linger struct is wrong but we only noticed after Go 1.
  1079  // sysLinger is the real system call structure.
  1080  
  1081  // BUG(brainman): The definition of Linger is not appropriate for direct use
  1082  // with Setsockopt and Getsockopt.
  1083  // Use SetsockoptLinger instead.
  1084  
  1085  type Linger struct {
  1086  	Onoff  int32
  1087  	Linger int32
  1088  }
  1089  
  1090  type sysLinger struct {
  1091  	Onoff  uint16
  1092  	Linger uint16
  1093  }
  1094  
  1095  type IPMreq struct {
  1096  	Multiaddr [4]byte /* in_addr */
  1097  	Interface [4]byte /* in_addr */
  1098  }
  1099  
  1100  type IPv6Mreq struct {
  1101  	Multiaddr [16]byte /* in6_addr */
  1102  	Interface uint32
  1103  }
  1104  
  1105  func GetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int) (int, error) { return -1, EWINDOWS }
  1106  
  1107  func SetsockoptLinger(fd Handle, level, opt int, l *Linger) (err error) {
  1108  	sys := sysLinger{Onoff: uint16(l.Onoff), Linger: uint16(l.Linger)}
  1109  	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sys)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sys)))
  1110  }
  1111  
  1112  func SetsockoptInet4Addr(fd Handle, level, opt int, value [4]byte) (err error) {
  1113  	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&value[0])), 4)
  1114  }
  1115  func SetsockoptIPMreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPMreq) (err error) {
  1116  	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(mreq)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(*mreq)))
  1117  }
  1118  func SetsockoptIPv6Mreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPv6Mreq) (err error) { return EWINDOWS }
  1119  
  1120  func Getpid() (pid int) { return int(getCurrentProcessId()) }
  1121  
  1122  func FindFirstFile(name *uint16, data *Win32finddata) (handle Handle, err error) {
  1123  	// NOTE(rsc): The Win32finddata struct is wrong for the system call:
  1124  	// the two paths are each one uint16 short. Use the correct struct,
  1125  	// a win32finddata1, and then copy the results out.
  1126  	// There is no loss of expressivity here, because the final
  1127  	// uint16, if it is used, is supposed to be a NUL, and Go doesn't need that.
  1128  	// For Go 1.1, we might avoid the allocation of win32finddata1 here
  1129  	// by adding a final Bug [2]uint16 field to the struct and then
  1130  	// adjusting the fields in the result directly.
  1131  	var data1 win32finddata1
  1132  	handle, err = findFirstFile1(name, &data1)
  1133  	if err == nil {
  1134  		copyFindData(data, &data1)
  1135  	}
  1136  	return
  1137  }
  1138  
  1139  func FindNextFile(handle Handle, data *Win32finddata) (err error) {
  1140  	var data1 win32finddata1
  1141  	err = findNextFile1(handle, &data1)
  1142  	if err == nil {
  1143  		copyFindData(data, &data1)
  1144  	}
  1145  	return
  1146  }
  1147  
  1148  func getProcessEntry(pid int) (*ProcessEntry32, error) {
  1149  	snapshot, err := CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0)
  1150  	if err != nil {
  1151  		return nil, err
  1152  	}
  1153  	defer CloseHandle(snapshot)
  1154  	var procEntry ProcessEntry32
  1155  	procEntry.Size = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(procEntry))
  1156  	if err = Process32First(snapshot, &procEntry); err != nil {
  1157  		return nil, err
  1158  	}
  1159  	for {
  1160  		if procEntry.ProcessID == uint32(pid) {
  1161  			return &procEntry, nil
  1162  		}
  1163  		err = Process32Next(snapshot, &procEntry)
  1164  		if err != nil {
  1165  			return nil, err
  1166  		}
  1167  	}
  1168  }
  1169  
  1170  func Getppid() (ppid int) {
  1171  	pe, err := getProcessEntry(Getpid())
  1172  	if err != nil {
  1173  		return -1
  1174  	}
  1175  	return int(pe.ParentProcessID)
  1176  }
  1177  
  1178  // TODO(brainman): fix all needed for os
  1179  func Fchdir(fd Handle) (err error)             { return EWINDOWS }
  1180  func Link(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) { return EWINDOWS }
  1181  func Symlink(path, link string) (err error)    { return EWINDOWS }
  1182  
  1183  func Fchmod(fd Handle, mode uint32) (err error)        { return EWINDOWS }
  1184  func Chown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error)  { return EWINDOWS }
  1185  func Lchown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error) { return EWINDOWS }
  1186  func Fchown(fd Handle, uid int, gid int) (err error)   { return EWINDOWS }
  1187  
  1188  func Getuid() (uid int)                  { return -1 }
  1189  func Geteuid() (euid int)                { return -1 }
  1190  func Getgid() (gid int)                  { return -1 }
  1191  func Getegid() (egid int)                { return -1 }
  1192  func Getgroups() (gids []int, err error) { return nil, EWINDOWS }
  1193  
  1194  type Signal int
  1195  
  1196  func (s Signal) Signal() {}
  1197  
  1198  func (s Signal) String() string {
  1199  	if 0 <= s && int(s) < len(signals) {
  1200  		str := signals[s]
  1201  		if str != "" {
  1202  			return str
  1203  		}
  1204  	}
  1205  	return "signal " + itoa.Itoa(int(s))
  1206  }
  1207  
  1208  func LoadCreateSymbolicLink() error {
  1209  	return procCreateSymbolicLinkW.Find()
  1210  }
  1211  
  1212  // Readlink returns the destination of the named symbolic link.
  1213  func Readlink(path string, buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
  1214  	fd, err := CreateFile(StringToUTF16Ptr(path), GENERIC_READ, 0, nil, OPEN_EXISTING,
  1215  		FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT|FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
  1216  	if err != nil {
  1217  		return -1, err
  1218  	}
  1219  	defer CloseHandle(fd)
  1220  
  1221  	rdbbuf := make([]byte, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE)
  1222  	var bytesReturned uint32
  1223  	err = DeviceIoControl(fd, FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT, nil, 0, &rdbbuf[0], uint32(len(rdbbuf)), &bytesReturned, nil)
  1224  	if err != nil {
  1225  		return -1, err
  1226  	}
  1227  
  1228  	rdb := (*reparseDataBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdbbuf[0]))
  1229  	var s string
  1230  	switch rdb.ReparseTag {
  1231  	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK:
  1232  		data := (*symbolicLinkReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
  1233  		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
  1234  		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.SubstituteNameOffset/2 : (data.SubstituteNameOffset+data.SubstituteNameLength)/2])
  1235  		if data.Flags&_SYMLINK_FLAG_RELATIVE == 0 {
  1236  			if len(s) >= 4 && s[:4] == `\??\` {
  1237  				s = s[4:]
  1238  				switch {
  1239  				case len(s) >= 2 && s[1] == ':': // \??\C:\foo\bar
  1240  					// do nothing
  1241  				case len(s) >= 4 && s[:4] == `UNC\`: // \??\UNC\foo\bar
  1242  					s = `\\` + s[4:]
  1243  				default:
  1244  					// unexpected; do nothing
  1245  				}
  1246  			} else {
  1247  				// unexpected; do nothing
  1248  			}
  1249  		}
  1250  	case _IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT:
  1251  		data := (*mountPointReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
  1252  		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
  1253  		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.SubstituteNameOffset/2 : (data.SubstituteNameOffset+data.SubstituteNameLength)/2])
  1254  		if len(s) >= 4 && s[:4] == `\??\` { // \??\C:\foo\bar
  1255  			s = s[4:]
  1256  		} else {
  1257  			// unexpected; do nothing
  1258  		}
  1259  	default:
  1260  		// the path is not a symlink or junction but another type of reparse
  1261  		// point
  1262  		return -1, ENOENT
  1263  	}
  1264  	n = copy(buf, []byte(s))
  1265  
  1266  	return n, nil
  1267  }
  1268  
  1269  // Deprecated: CreateIoCompletionPort has the wrong function signature. Use x/sys/windows.CreateIoCompletionPort.
  1270  func CreateIoCompletionPort(filehandle Handle, cphandle Handle, key uint32, threadcnt uint32) (Handle, error) {
  1271  	return createIoCompletionPort(filehandle, cphandle, uintptr(key), threadcnt)
  1272  }
  1273  
  1274  // Deprecated: GetQueuedCompletionStatus has the wrong function signature. Use x/sys/windows.GetQueuedCompletionStatus.
  1275  func GetQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty *uint32, key *uint32, overlapped **Overlapped, timeout uint32) error {
  1276  	var ukey uintptr
  1277  	var pukey *uintptr
  1278  	if key != nil {
  1279  		ukey = uintptr(*key)
  1280  		pukey = &ukey
  1281  	}
  1282  	err := getQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle, qty, pukey, overlapped, timeout)
  1283  	if key != nil {
  1284  		*key = uint32(ukey)
  1285  		if uintptr(*key) != ukey && err == nil {
  1286  			err = errorspkg.New("GetQueuedCompletionStatus returned key overflow")
  1287  		}
  1288  	}
  1289  	return err
  1290  }
  1291  
  1292  // Deprecated: PostQueuedCompletionStatus has the wrong function signature. Use x/sys/windows.PostQueuedCompletionStatus.
  1293  func PostQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty uint32, key uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
  1294  	return postQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle, qty, uintptr(key), overlapped)
  1295  }
  1296  
  1297  // newProcThreadAttributeList allocates new PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, with
  1298  // the requested maximum number of attributes, which must be cleaned up by
  1299  // deleteProcThreadAttributeList.
  1300  func newProcThreadAttributeList(maxAttrCount uint32) (*_PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, error) {
  1301  	var size uintptr
  1302  	err := initializeProcThreadAttributeList(nil, maxAttrCount, 0, &size)
  1303  	if err != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER {
  1304  		if err == nil {
  1305  			return nil, errorspkg.New("unable to query buffer size from InitializeProcThreadAttributeList")
  1306  		}
  1307  		return nil, err
  1308  	}
  1309  	// size is guaranteed to be ≥1 by initializeProcThreadAttributeList.
  1310  	al := (*_PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_LIST)(unsafe.Pointer(&make([]byte, size)[0]))
  1311  	err = initializeProcThreadAttributeList(al, maxAttrCount, 0, &size)
  1312  	if err != nil {
  1313  		return nil, err
  1314  	}
  1315  	return al, nil
  1316  }
  1317  
  1318  // RegEnumKeyEx enumerates the subkeys of an open registry key.
  1319  // Each call retrieves information about one subkey. name is
  1320  // a buffer that should be large enough to hold the name of the
  1321  // subkey plus a null terminating character. nameLen is its
  1322  // length. On return, nameLen will contain the actual length of the
  1323  // subkey.
  1324  //
  1325  // Should name not be large enough to hold the subkey, this function
  1326  // will return ERROR_MORE_DATA, and must be called again with an
  1327  // appropriately sized buffer.
  1328  //
  1329  // reserved must be nil. class and classLen behave like name and nameLen
  1330  // but for the class of the subkey, except that they are optional.
  1331  // lastWriteTime, if not nil, will be populated with the time the subkey
  1332  // was last written.
  1333  //
  1334  // The caller must enumerate all subkeys in order. That is
  1335  // RegEnumKeyEx must be called with index starting at 0, incrementing
  1336  // the index until the function returns ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS, or with
  1337  // the index of the last subkey (obtainable from RegQueryInfoKey),
  1338  // decrementing until index 0 is enumerated.
  1339  //
  1340  // Successive calls to this API must happen on the same OS thread,
  1341  // so call runtime.LockOSThread before calling this function.
  1342  func RegEnumKeyEx(key Handle, index uint32, name *uint16, nameLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) {
  1343  	return regEnumKeyEx(key, index, name, nameLen, reserved, class, classLen, lastWriteTime)
  1344  }