github.com/snowblossomcoin/go-ethereum@v1.9.25/accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go (about)

     1  // Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
     2  // This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
     3  //
     4  // The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
     5  // it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
     6  // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
     7  // (at your option) any later version.
     8  //
     9  // The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    10  // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    11  // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
    12  // GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
    13  //
    14  // You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
    15  // along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
    16  
    17  package backends
    18  
    19  import (
    20  	"context"
    21  	"errors"
    22  	"fmt"
    23  	"math/big"
    24  	"sync"
    25  	"time"
    26  
    27  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum"
    28  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi"
    29  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi/bind"
    30  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
    31  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
    32  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
    33  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/ethash"
    34  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
    35  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/bloombits"
    36  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
    37  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
    38  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
    39  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
    40  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/filters"
    41  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
    42  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
    43  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
    44  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
    45  	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
    46  )
    47  
    48  // This nil assignment ensures at compile time that SimulatedBackend implements bind.ContractBackend.
    49  var _ bind.ContractBackend = (*SimulatedBackend)(nil)
    50  
    51  var (
    52  	errBlockNumberUnsupported  = errors.New("simulatedBackend cannot access blocks other than the latest block")
    53  	errBlockDoesNotExist       = errors.New("block does not exist in blockchain")
    54  	errTransactionDoesNotExist = errors.New("transaction does not exist")
    55  )
    56  
    57  // SimulatedBackend implements bind.ContractBackend, simulating a blockchain in
    58  // the background. Its main purpose is to allow for easy testing of contract bindings.
    59  // Simulated backend implements the following interfaces:
    60  // ChainReader, ChainStateReader, ContractBackend, ContractCaller, ContractFilterer, ContractTransactor,
    61  // DeployBackend, GasEstimator, GasPricer, LogFilterer, PendingContractCaller, TransactionReader, and TransactionSender
    62  type SimulatedBackend struct {
    63  	database   ethdb.Database   // In memory database to store our testing data
    64  	blockchain *core.BlockChain // Ethereum blockchain to handle the consensus
    65  
    66  	mu           sync.Mutex
    67  	pendingBlock *types.Block   // Currently pending block that will be imported on request
    68  	pendingState *state.StateDB // Currently pending state that will be the active on request
    69  
    70  	events *filters.EventSystem // Event system for filtering log events live
    71  
    72  	config *params.ChainConfig
    73  }
    74  
    75  // NewSimulatedBackendWithDatabase creates a new binding backend based on the given database
    76  // and uses a simulated blockchain for testing purposes.
    77  func NewSimulatedBackendWithDatabase(database ethdb.Database, alloc core.GenesisAlloc, gasLimit uint64) *SimulatedBackend {
    78  	genesis := core.Genesis{Config: params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, GasLimit: gasLimit, Alloc: alloc}
    79  	genesis.MustCommit(database)
    80  	blockchain, _ := core.NewBlockChain(database, nil, genesis.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
    81  
    82  	backend := &SimulatedBackend{
    83  		database:   database,
    84  		blockchain: blockchain,
    85  		config:     genesis.Config,
    86  		events:     filters.NewEventSystem(&filterBackend{database, blockchain}, false),
    87  	}
    88  	backend.rollback()
    89  	return backend
    90  }
    91  
    92  // NewSimulatedBackend creates a new binding backend using a simulated blockchain
    93  // for testing purposes.
    94  func NewSimulatedBackend(alloc core.GenesisAlloc, gasLimit uint64) *SimulatedBackend {
    95  	return NewSimulatedBackendWithDatabase(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), alloc, gasLimit)
    96  }
    97  
    98  // Close terminates the underlying blockchain's update loop.
    99  func (b *SimulatedBackend) Close() error {
   100  	b.blockchain.Stop()
   101  	return nil
   102  }
   103  
   104  // Commit imports all the pending transactions as a single block and starts a
   105  // fresh new state.
   106  func (b *SimulatedBackend) Commit() {
   107  	b.mu.Lock()
   108  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   109  
   110  	if _, err := b.blockchain.InsertChain([]*types.Block{b.pendingBlock}); err != nil {
   111  		panic(err) // This cannot happen unless the simulator is wrong, fail in that case
   112  	}
   113  	b.rollback()
   114  }
   115  
   116  // Rollback aborts all pending transactions, reverting to the last committed state.
   117  func (b *SimulatedBackend) Rollback() {
   118  	b.mu.Lock()
   119  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   120  
   121  	b.rollback()
   122  }
   123  
   124  func (b *SimulatedBackend) rollback() {
   125  	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(b.config, b.blockchain.CurrentBlock(), ethash.NewFaker(), b.database, 1, func(int, *core.BlockGen) {})
   126  	stateDB, _ := b.blockchain.State()
   127  
   128  	b.pendingBlock = blocks[0]
   129  	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), stateDB.Database(), nil)
   130  }
   131  
   132  // stateByBlockNumber retrieves a state by a given blocknumber.
   133  func (b *SimulatedBackend) stateByBlockNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNumber *big.Int) (*state.StateDB, error) {
   134  	if blockNumber == nil || blockNumber.Cmp(b.blockchain.CurrentBlock().Number()) == 0 {
   135  		return b.blockchain.State()
   136  	}
   137  	block, err := b.blockByNumberNoLock(ctx, blockNumber)
   138  	if err != nil {
   139  		return nil, err
   140  	}
   141  	return b.blockchain.StateAt(block.Root())
   142  }
   143  
   144  // CodeAt returns the code associated with a certain account in the blockchain.
   145  func (b *SimulatedBackend) CodeAt(ctx context.Context, contract common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error) {
   146  	b.mu.Lock()
   147  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   148  
   149  	stateDB, err := b.stateByBlockNumber(ctx, blockNumber)
   150  	if err != nil {
   151  		return nil, err
   152  	}
   153  
   154  	return stateDB.GetCode(contract), nil
   155  }
   156  
   157  // BalanceAt returns the wei balance of a certain account in the blockchain.
   158  func (b *SimulatedBackend) BalanceAt(ctx context.Context, contract common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) (*big.Int, error) {
   159  	b.mu.Lock()
   160  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   161  
   162  	stateDB, err := b.stateByBlockNumber(ctx, blockNumber)
   163  	if err != nil {
   164  		return nil, err
   165  	}
   166  
   167  	return stateDB.GetBalance(contract), nil
   168  }
   169  
   170  // NonceAt returns the nonce of a certain account in the blockchain.
   171  func (b *SimulatedBackend) NonceAt(ctx context.Context, contract common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) (uint64, error) {
   172  	b.mu.Lock()
   173  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   174  
   175  	stateDB, err := b.stateByBlockNumber(ctx, blockNumber)
   176  	if err != nil {
   177  		return 0, err
   178  	}
   179  
   180  	return stateDB.GetNonce(contract), nil
   181  }
   182  
   183  // StorageAt returns the value of key in the storage of an account in the blockchain.
   184  func (b *SimulatedBackend) StorageAt(ctx context.Context, contract common.Address, key common.Hash, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error) {
   185  	b.mu.Lock()
   186  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   187  
   188  	stateDB, err := b.stateByBlockNumber(ctx, blockNumber)
   189  	if err != nil {
   190  		return nil, err
   191  	}
   192  
   193  	val := stateDB.GetState(contract, key)
   194  	return val[:], nil
   195  }
   196  
   197  // TransactionReceipt returns the receipt of a transaction.
   198  func (b *SimulatedBackend) TransactionReceipt(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (*types.Receipt, error) {
   199  	b.mu.Lock()
   200  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   201  
   202  	receipt, _, _, _ := rawdb.ReadReceipt(b.database, txHash, b.config)
   203  	return receipt, nil
   204  }
   205  
   206  // TransactionByHash checks the pool of pending transactions in addition to the
   207  // blockchain. The isPending return value indicates whether the transaction has been
   208  // mined yet. Note that the transaction may not be part of the canonical chain even if
   209  // it's not pending.
   210  func (b *SimulatedBackend) TransactionByHash(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (*types.Transaction, bool, error) {
   211  	b.mu.Lock()
   212  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   213  
   214  	tx := b.pendingBlock.Transaction(txHash)
   215  	if tx != nil {
   216  		return tx, true, nil
   217  	}
   218  	tx, _, _, _ = rawdb.ReadTransaction(b.database, txHash)
   219  	if tx != nil {
   220  		return tx, false, nil
   221  	}
   222  	return nil, false, ethereum.NotFound
   223  }
   224  
   225  // BlockByHash retrieves a block based on the block hash.
   226  func (b *SimulatedBackend) BlockByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error) {
   227  	b.mu.Lock()
   228  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   229  
   230  	if hash == b.pendingBlock.Hash() {
   231  		return b.pendingBlock, nil
   232  	}
   233  
   234  	block := b.blockchain.GetBlockByHash(hash)
   235  	if block != nil {
   236  		return block, nil
   237  	}
   238  
   239  	return nil, errBlockDoesNotExist
   240  }
   241  
   242  // BlockByNumber retrieves a block from the database by number, caching it
   243  // (associated with its hash) if found.
   244  func (b *SimulatedBackend) BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, number *big.Int) (*types.Block, error) {
   245  	b.mu.Lock()
   246  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   247  
   248  	return b.blockByNumberNoLock(ctx, number)
   249  }
   250  
   251  // blockByNumberNoLock retrieves a block from the database by number, caching it
   252  // (associated with its hash) if found without Lock.
   253  func (b *SimulatedBackend) blockByNumberNoLock(ctx context.Context, number *big.Int) (*types.Block, error) {
   254  	if number == nil || number.Cmp(b.pendingBlock.Number()) == 0 {
   255  		return b.blockchain.CurrentBlock(), nil
   256  	}
   257  
   258  	block := b.blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(number.Int64()))
   259  	if block == nil {
   260  		return nil, errBlockDoesNotExist
   261  	}
   262  
   263  	return block, nil
   264  }
   265  
   266  // HeaderByHash returns a block header from the current canonical chain.
   267  func (b *SimulatedBackend) HeaderByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Header, error) {
   268  	b.mu.Lock()
   269  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   270  
   271  	if hash == b.pendingBlock.Hash() {
   272  		return b.pendingBlock.Header(), nil
   273  	}
   274  
   275  	header := b.blockchain.GetHeaderByHash(hash)
   276  	if header == nil {
   277  		return nil, errBlockDoesNotExist
   278  	}
   279  
   280  	return header, nil
   281  }
   282  
   283  // HeaderByNumber returns a block header from the current canonical chain. If number is
   284  // nil, the latest known header is returned.
   285  func (b *SimulatedBackend) HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, block *big.Int) (*types.Header, error) {
   286  	b.mu.Lock()
   287  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   288  
   289  	if block == nil || block.Cmp(b.pendingBlock.Number()) == 0 {
   290  		return b.blockchain.CurrentHeader(), nil
   291  	}
   292  
   293  	return b.blockchain.GetHeaderByNumber(uint64(block.Int64())), nil
   294  }
   295  
   296  // TransactionCount returns the number of transactions in a given block.
   297  func (b *SimulatedBackend) TransactionCount(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash) (uint, error) {
   298  	b.mu.Lock()
   299  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   300  
   301  	if blockHash == b.pendingBlock.Hash() {
   302  		return uint(b.pendingBlock.Transactions().Len()), nil
   303  	}
   304  
   305  	block := b.blockchain.GetBlockByHash(blockHash)
   306  	if block == nil {
   307  		return uint(0), errBlockDoesNotExist
   308  	}
   309  
   310  	return uint(block.Transactions().Len()), nil
   311  }
   312  
   313  // TransactionInBlock returns the transaction for a specific block at a specific index.
   314  func (b *SimulatedBackend) TransactionInBlock(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash, index uint) (*types.Transaction, error) {
   315  	b.mu.Lock()
   316  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   317  
   318  	if blockHash == b.pendingBlock.Hash() {
   319  		transactions := b.pendingBlock.Transactions()
   320  		if uint(len(transactions)) < index+1 {
   321  			return nil, errTransactionDoesNotExist
   322  		}
   323  
   324  		return transactions[index], nil
   325  	}
   326  
   327  	block := b.blockchain.GetBlockByHash(blockHash)
   328  	if block == nil {
   329  		return nil, errBlockDoesNotExist
   330  	}
   331  
   332  	transactions := block.Transactions()
   333  	if uint(len(transactions)) < index+1 {
   334  		return nil, errTransactionDoesNotExist
   335  	}
   336  
   337  	return transactions[index], nil
   338  }
   339  
   340  // PendingCodeAt returns the code associated with an account in the pending state.
   341  func (b *SimulatedBackend) PendingCodeAt(ctx context.Context, contract common.Address) ([]byte, error) {
   342  	b.mu.Lock()
   343  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   344  
   345  	return b.pendingState.GetCode(contract), nil
   346  }
   347  
   348  func newRevertError(result *core.ExecutionResult) *revertError {
   349  	reason, errUnpack := abi.UnpackRevert(result.Revert())
   350  	err := errors.New("execution reverted")
   351  	if errUnpack == nil {
   352  		err = fmt.Errorf("execution reverted: %v", reason)
   353  	}
   354  	return &revertError{
   355  		error:  err,
   356  		reason: hexutil.Encode(result.Revert()),
   357  	}
   358  }
   359  
   360  // revertError is an API error that encompasses an EVM revert with JSON error
   361  // code and a binary data blob.
   362  type revertError struct {
   363  	error
   364  	reason string // revert reason hex encoded
   365  }
   366  
   367  // ErrorCode returns the JSON error code for a revert.
   368  // See: https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/JSON-RPC-Error-Codes-Improvement-Proposal
   369  func (e *revertError) ErrorCode() int {
   370  	return 3
   371  }
   372  
   373  // ErrorData returns the hex encoded revert reason.
   374  func (e *revertError) ErrorData() interface{} {
   375  	return e.reason
   376  }
   377  
   378  // CallContract executes a contract call.
   379  func (b *SimulatedBackend) CallContract(ctx context.Context, call ethereum.CallMsg, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error) {
   380  	b.mu.Lock()
   381  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   382  
   383  	if blockNumber != nil && blockNumber.Cmp(b.blockchain.CurrentBlock().Number()) != 0 {
   384  		return nil, errBlockNumberUnsupported
   385  	}
   386  	stateDB, err := b.blockchain.State()
   387  	if err != nil {
   388  		return nil, err
   389  	}
   390  	res, err := b.callContract(ctx, call, b.blockchain.CurrentBlock(), stateDB)
   391  	if err != nil {
   392  		return nil, err
   393  	}
   394  	// If the result contains a revert reason, try to unpack and return it.
   395  	if len(res.Revert()) > 0 {
   396  		return nil, newRevertError(res)
   397  	}
   398  	return res.Return(), res.Err
   399  }
   400  
   401  // PendingCallContract executes a contract call on the pending state.
   402  func (b *SimulatedBackend) PendingCallContract(ctx context.Context, call ethereum.CallMsg) ([]byte, error) {
   403  	b.mu.Lock()
   404  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   405  	defer b.pendingState.RevertToSnapshot(b.pendingState.Snapshot())
   406  
   407  	res, err := b.callContract(ctx, call, b.pendingBlock, b.pendingState)
   408  	if err != nil {
   409  		return nil, err
   410  	}
   411  	// If the result contains a revert reason, try to unpack and return it.
   412  	if len(res.Revert()) > 0 {
   413  		return nil, newRevertError(res)
   414  	}
   415  	return res.Return(), res.Err
   416  }
   417  
   418  // PendingNonceAt implements PendingStateReader.PendingNonceAt, retrieving
   419  // the nonce currently pending for the account.
   420  func (b *SimulatedBackend) PendingNonceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) (uint64, error) {
   421  	b.mu.Lock()
   422  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   423  
   424  	return b.pendingState.GetOrNewStateObject(account).Nonce(), nil
   425  }
   426  
   427  // SuggestGasPrice implements ContractTransactor.SuggestGasPrice. Since the simulated
   428  // chain doesn't have miners, we just return a gas price of 1 for any call.
   429  func (b *SimulatedBackend) SuggestGasPrice(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error) {
   430  	return big.NewInt(1), nil
   431  }
   432  
   433  // EstimateGas executes the requested code against the currently pending block/state and
   434  // returns the used amount of gas.
   435  func (b *SimulatedBackend) EstimateGas(ctx context.Context, call ethereum.CallMsg) (uint64, error) {
   436  	b.mu.Lock()
   437  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   438  
   439  	// Determine the lowest and highest possible gas limits to binary search in between
   440  	var (
   441  		lo  uint64 = params.TxGas - 1
   442  		hi  uint64
   443  		cap uint64
   444  	)
   445  	if call.Gas >= params.TxGas {
   446  		hi = call.Gas
   447  	} else {
   448  		hi = b.pendingBlock.GasLimit()
   449  	}
   450  	// Recap the highest gas allowance with account's balance.
   451  	if call.GasPrice != nil && call.GasPrice.BitLen() != 0 {
   452  		balance := b.pendingState.GetBalance(call.From) // from can't be nil
   453  		available := new(big.Int).Set(balance)
   454  		if call.Value != nil {
   455  			if call.Value.Cmp(available) >= 0 {
   456  				return 0, errors.New("insufficient funds for transfer")
   457  			}
   458  			available.Sub(available, call.Value)
   459  		}
   460  		allowance := new(big.Int).Div(available, call.GasPrice)
   461  		if allowance.IsUint64() && hi > allowance.Uint64() {
   462  			transfer := call.Value
   463  			if transfer == nil {
   464  				transfer = new(big.Int)
   465  			}
   466  			log.Warn("Gas estimation capped by limited funds", "original", hi, "balance", balance,
   467  				"sent", transfer, "gasprice", call.GasPrice, "fundable", allowance)
   468  			hi = allowance.Uint64()
   469  		}
   470  	}
   471  	cap = hi
   472  
   473  	// Create a helper to check if a gas allowance results in an executable transaction
   474  	executable := func(gas uint64) (bool, *core.ExecutionResult, error) {
   475  		call.Gas = gas
   476  
   477  		snapshot := b.pendingState.Snapshot()
   478  		res, err := b.callContract(ctx, call, b.pendingBlock, b.pendingState)
   479  		b.pendingState.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
   480  
   481  		if err != nil {
   482  			if err == core.ErrIntrinsicGas {
   483  				return true, nil, nil // Special case, raise gas limit
   484  			}
   485  			return true, nil, err // Bail out
   486  		}
   487  		return res.Failed(), res, nil
   488  	}
   489  	// Execute the binary search and hone in on an executable gas limit
   490  	for lo+1 < hi {
   491  		mid := (hi + lo) / 2
   492  		failed, _, err := executable(mid)
   493  
   494  		// If the error is not nil(consensus error), it means the provided message
   495  		// call or transaction will never be accepted no matter how much gas it is
   496  		// assigned. Return the error directly, don't struggle any more
   497  		if err != nil {
   498  			return 0, err
   499  		}
   500  		if failed {
   501  			lo = mid
   502  		} else {
   503  			hi = mid
   504  		}
   505  	}
   506  	// Reject the transaction as invalid if it still fails at the highest allowance
   507  	if hi == cap {
   508  		failed, result, err := executable(hi)
   509  		if err != nil {
   510  			return 0, err
   511  		}
   512  		if failed {
   513  			if result != nil && result.Err != vm.ErrOutOfGas {
   514  				if len(result.Revert()) > 0 {
   515  					return 0, newRevertError(result)
   516  				}
   517  				return 0, result.Err
   518  			}
   519  			// Otherwise, the specified gas cap is too low
   520  			return 0, fmt.Errorf("gas required exceeds allowance (%d)", cap)
   521  		}
   522  	}
   523  	return hi, nil
   524  }
   525  
   526  // callContract implements common code between normal and pending contract calls.
   527  // state is modified during execution, make sure to copy it if necessary.
   528  func (b *SimulatedBackend) callContract(ctx context.Context, call ethereum.CallMsg, block *types.Block, stateDB *state.StateDB) (*core.ExecutionResult, error) {
   529  	// Ensure message is initialized properly.
   530  	if call.GasPrice == nil {
   531  		call.GasPrice = big.NewInt(1)
   532  	}
   533  	if call.Gas == 0 {
   534  		call.Gas = 50000000
   535  	}
   536  	if call.Value == nil {
   537  		call.Value = new(big.Int)
   538  	}
   539  	// Set infinite balance to the fake caller account.
   540  	from := stateDB.GetOrNewStateObject(call.From)
   541  	from.SetBalance(math.MaxBig256)
   542  	// Execute the call.
   543  	msg := callMsg{call}
   544  
   545  	evmContext := core.NewEVMContext(msg, block.Header(), b.blockchain, nil)
   546  	// Create a new environment which holds all relevant information
   547  	// about the transaction and calling mechanisms.
   548  	vmEnv := vm.NewEVM(evmContext, stateDB, b.config, vm.Config{})
   549  	gasPool := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(math.MaxUint64)
   550  
   551  	return core.NewStateTransition(vmEnv, msg, gasPool).TransitionDb()
   552  }
   553  
   554  // SendTransaction updates the pending block to include the given transaction.
   555  // It panics if the transaction is invalid.
   556  func (b *SimulatedBackend) SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction) error {
   557  	b.mu.Lock()
   558  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   559  
   560  	sender, err := types.Sender(types.NewEIP155Signer(b.config.ChainID), tx)
   561  	if err != nil {
   562  		panic(fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction: %v", err))
   563  	}
   564  	nonce := b.pendingState.GetNonce(sender)
   565  	if tx.Nonce() != nonce {
   566  		panic(fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction nonce: got %d, want %d", tx.Nonce(), nonce))
   567  	}
   568  
   569  	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(b.config, b.blockchain.CurrentBlock(), ethash.NewFaker(), b.database, 1, func(number int, block *core.BlockGen) {
   570  		for _, tx := range b.pendingBlock.Transactions() {
   571  			block.AddTxWithChain(b.blockchain, tx)
   572  		}
   573  		block.AddTxWithChain(b.blockchain, tx)
   574  	})
   575  	stateDB, _ := b.blockchain.State()
   576  
   577  	b.pendingBlock = blocks[0]
   578  	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), stateDB.Database(), nil)
   579  	return nil
   580  }
   581  
   582  // FilterLogs executes a log filter operation, blocking during execution and
   583  // returning all the results in one batch.
   584  //
   585  // TODO(karalabe): Deprecate when the subscription one can return past data too.
   586  func (b *SimulatedBackend) FilterLogs(ctx context.Context, query ethereum.FilterQuery) ([]types.Log, error) {
   587  	var filter *filters.Filter
   588  	if query.BlockHash != nil {
   589  		// Block filter requested, construct a single-shot filter
   590  		filter = filters.NewBlockFilter(&filterBackend{b.database, b.blockchain}, *query.BlockHash, query.Addresses, query.Topics)
   591  	} else {
   592  		// Initialize unset filter boundaries to run from genesis to chain head
   593  		from := int64(0)
   594  		if query.FromBlock != nil {
   595  			from = query.FromBlock.Int64()
   596  		}
   597  		to := int64(-1)
   598  		if query.ToBlock != nil {
   599  			to = query.ToBlock.Int64()
   600  		}
   601  		// Construct the range filter
   602  		filter = filters.NewRangeFilter(&filterBackend{b.database, b.blockchain}, from, to, query.Addresses, query.Topics)
   603  	}
   604  	// Run the filter and return all the logs
   605  	logs, err := filter.Logs(ctx)
   606  	if err != nil {
   607  		return nil, err
   608  	}
   609  	res := make([]types.Log, len(logs))
   610  	for i, nLog := range logs {
   611  		res[i] = *nLog
   612  	}
   613  	return res, nil
   614  }
   615  
   616  // SubscribeFilterLogs creates a background log filtering operation, returning a
   617  // subscription immediately, which can be used to stream the found events.
   618  func (b *SimulatedBackend) SubscribeFilterLogs(ctx context.Context, query ethereum.FilterQuery, ch chan<- types.Log) (ethereum.Subscription, error) {
   619  	// Subscribe to contract events
   620  	sink := make(chan []*types.Log)
   621  
   622  	sub, err := b.events.SubscribeLogs(query, sink)
   623  	if err != nil {
   624  		return nil, err
   625  	}
   626  	// Since we're getting logs in batches, we need to flatten them into a plain stream
   627  	return event.NewSubscription(func(quit <-chan struct{}) error {
   628  		defer sub.Unsubscribe()
   629  		for {
   630  			select {
   631  			case logs := <-sink:
   632  				for _, nlog := range logs {
   633  					select {
   634  					case ch <- *nlog:
   635  					case err := <-sub.Err():
   636  						return err
   637  					case <-quit:
   638  						return nil
   639  					}
   640  				}
   641  			case err := <-sub.Err():
   642  				return err
   643  			case <-quit:
   644  				return nil
   645  			}
   646  		}
   647  	}), nil
   648  }
   649  
   650  // SubscribeNewHead returns an event subscription for a new header.
   651  func (b *SimulatedBackend) SubscribeNewHead(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- *types.Header) (ethereum.Subscription, error) {
   652  	// subscribe to a new head
   653  	sink := make(chan *types.Header)
   654  	sub := b.events.SubscribeNewHeads(sink)
   655  
   656  	return event.NewSubscription(func(quit <-chan struct{}) error {
   657  		defer sub.Unsubscribe()
   658  		for {
   659  			select {
   660  			case head := <-sink:
   661  				select {
   662  				case ch <- head:
   663  				case err := <-sub.Err():
   664  					return err
   665  				case <-quit:
   666  					return nil
   667  				}
   668  			case err := <-sub.Err():
   669  				return err
   670  			case <-quit:
   671  				return nil
   672  			}
   673  		}
   674  	}), nil
   675  }
   676  
   677  // AdjustTime adds a time shift to the simulated clock.
   678  // It can only be called on empty blocks.
   679  func (b *SimulatedBackend) AdjustTime(adjustment time.Duration) error {
   680  	b.mu.Lock()
   681  	defer b.mu.Unlock()
   682  
   683  	if len(b.pendingBlock.Transactions()) != 0 {
   684  		return errors.New("Could not adjust time on non-empty block")
   685  	}
   686  
   687  	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(b.config, b.blockchain.CurrentBlock(), ethash.NewFaker(), b.database, 1, func(number int, block *core.BlockGen) {
   688  		block.OffsetTime(int64(adjustment.Seconds()))
   689  	})
   690  	stateDB, _ := b.blockchain.State()
   691  
   692  	b.pendingBlock = blocks[0]
   693  	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), stateDB.Database(), nil)
   694  
   695  	return nil
   696  }
   697  
   698  // Blockchain returns the underlying blockchain.
   699  func (b *SimulatedBackend) Blockchain() *core.BlockChain {
   700  	return b.blockchain
   701  }
   702  
   703  // callMsg implements core.Message to allow passing it as a transaction simulator.
   704  type callMsg struct {
   705  	ethereum.CallMsg
   706  }
   707  
   708  func (m callMsg) From() common.Address { return m.CallMsg.From }
   709  func (m callMsg) Nonce() uint64        { return 0 }
   710  func (m callMsg) CheckNonce() bool     { return false }
   711  func (m callMsg) To() *common.Address  { return m.CallMsg.To }
   712  func (m callMsg) GasPrice() *big.Int   { return m.CallMsg.GasPrice }
   713  func (m callMsg) Gas() uint64          { return m.CallMsg.Gas }
   714  func (m callMsg) Value() *big.Int      { return m.CallMsg.Value }
   715  func (m callMsg) Data() []byte         { return m.CallMsg.Data }
   716  
   717  // filterBackend implements filters.Backend to support filtering for logs without
   718  // taking bloom-bits acceleration structures into account.
   719  type filterBackend struct {
   720  	db ethdb.Database
   721  	bc *core.BlockChain
   722  }
   723  
   724  func (fb *filterBackend) ChainDb() ethdb.Database  { return fb.db }
   725  func (fb *filterBackend) EventMux() *event.TypeMux { panic("not supported") }
   726  
   727  func (fb *filterBackend) HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, block rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Header, error) {
   728  	if block == rpc.LatestBlockNumber {
   729  		return fb.bc.CurrentHeader(), nil
   730  	}
   731  	return fb.bc.GetHeaderByNumber(uint64(block.Int64())), nil
   732  }
   733  
   734  func (fb *filterBackend) HeaderByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Header, error) {
   735  	return fb.bc.GetHeaderByHash(hash), nil
   736  }
   737  
   738  func (fb *filterBackend) GetReceipts(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (types.Receipts, error) {
   739  	number := rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(fb.db, hash)
   740  	if number == nil {
   741  		return nil, nil
   742  	}
   743  	return rawdb.ReadReceipts(fb.db, hash, *number, fb.bc.Config()), nil
   744  }
   745  
   746  func (fb *filterBackend) GetLogs(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) ([][]*types.Log, error) {
   747  	number := rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(fb.db, hash)
   748  	if number == nil {
   749  		return nil, nil
   750  	}
   751  	receipts := rawdb.ReadReceipts(fb.db, hash, *number, fb.bc.Config())
   752  	if receipts == nil {
   753  		return nil, nil
   754  	}
   755  	logs := make([][]*types.Log, len(receipts))
   756  	for i, receipt := range receipts {
   757  		logs[i] = receipt.Logs
   758  	}
   759  	return logs, nil
   760  }
   761  
   762  func (fb *filterBackend) SubscribeNewTxsEvent(ch chan<- core.NewTxsEvent) event.Subscription {
   763  	return nullSubscription()
   764  }
   765  
   766  func (fb *filterBackend) SubscribeChainEvent(ch chan<- core.ChainEvent) event.Subscription {
   767  	return fb.bc.SubscribeChainEvent(ch)
   768  }
   769  
   770  func (fb *filterBackend) SubscribeRemovedLogsEvent(ch chan<- core.RemovedLogsEvent) event.Subscription {
   771  	return fb.bc.SubscribeRemovedLogsEvent(ch)
   772  }
   773  
   774  func (fb *filterBackend) SubscribeLogsEvent(ch chan<- []*types.Log) event.Subscription {
   775  	return fb.bc.SubscribeLogsEvent(ch)
   776  }
   777  
   778  func (fb *filterBackend) SubscribePendingLogsEvent(ch chan<- []*types.Log) event.Subscription {
   779  	return nullSubscription()
   780  }
   781  
   782  func (fb *filterBackend) BloomStatus() (uint64, uint64) { return 4096, 0 }
   783  
   784  func (fb *filterBackend) ServiceFilter(ctx context.Context, ms *bloombits.MatcherSession) {
   785  	panic("not supported")
   786  }
   787  
   788  func nullSubscription() event.Subscription {
   789  	return event.NewSubscription(func(quit <-chan struct{}) error {
   790  		<-quit
   791  		return nil
   792  	})
   793  }