github.com/yinchengtsinghua/golang-Eos-dpos-Ethereum@v0.0.0-20190121132951-92cc4225ed8e/cmd/puppeth/wizard_genesis.go

//此源码被清华学神尹成大魔王专业翻译分析并修改
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//版权所有2017 Go Ethereum作者
//此文件是Go以太坊的一部分。
//
//Go以太坊是免费软件：您可以重新发布和/或修改它
//根据GNU通用公共许可证的条款
//自由软件基金会，或者许可证的第3版，或者
//
//
//
//但没有任何保证；甚至没有
//适销性或特定用途的适用性。见
//GNU通用公共许可证了解更多详细信息。
//
//你应该已经收到一份GNU通用公共许可证的副本
//一起去以太坊吧。如果没有，请参见<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>。

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"math/big"
	"math/rand"
	"time"

	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)

//
func (w *wizard) makeGenesis() {
//
	genesis := &core.Genesis{
		Timestamp:  uint64(time.Now().Unix()),
		GasLimit:   4700000,
		Difficulty: big.NewInt(524288),
		Alloc:      make(core.GenesisAlloc),
		Config: &params.ChainConfig{
			HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(1),
			EIP150Block:    big.NewInt(2),
			EIP155Block:    big.NewInt(3),
			EIP158Block:    big.NewInt(3),
			ByzantiumBlock: big.NewInt(4),
		},
	}
//
	fmt.Println()
	fmt.Println("Which consensus engine to use? (default = clique)")
	fmt.Println(" 1. Ethash - proof-of-work")
	fmt.Println(" 2. Clique - proof-of-authority")

	choice := w.read()
	switch {
	case choice == "1":
//
		genesis.Config.Ethash = new(params.EthashConfig)
		genesis.ExtraData = make([]byte, 32)

	case choice == "" || choice == "2":
//
		genesis.Difficulty = big.NewInt(1)
		genesis.Config.Clique = &params.CliqueConfig{
			Period: 15,
			Epoch:  30000,
		}
		fmt.Println()
		fmt.Println("How many seconds should blocks take? (default = 15)")
		genesis.Config.Clique.Period = uint64(w.readDefaultInt(15))

//我们还需要签名者的初始列表
		fmt.Println()
		fmt.Println("Which accounts are allowed to seal? (mandatory at least one)")

		var signers []common.Address
		for {
			if address := w.readAddress(); address != nil {
				signers = append(signers, *address)
				continue
			}
			if len(signers) > 0 {
				break
			}
		}
//对签名者排序并嵌入到额外的数据部分
		for i := 0; i < len(signers); i++ {
			for j := i + 1; j < len(signers); j++ {
				if bytes.Compare(signers[i][:], signers[j][:]) > 0 {
					signers[i], signers[j] = signers[j], signers[i]
				}
			}
		}
		genesis.ExtraData = make([]byte, 32+len(signers)*common.AddressLength+65)
		for i, signer := range signers {
			copy(genesis.ExtraData[32+i*common.AddressLength:], signer[:])
		}

	default:
		log.Crit("Invalid consensus engine choice", "choice", choice)
	}
//协商一致，只需申请初始资金就可以了。
	fmt.Println()
	fmt.Println("Which accounts should be pre-funded? (advisable at least one)")
	for {
//读取要资助的帐户的地址
		if address := w.readAddress(); address != nil {
			genesis.Alloc[*address] = core.GenesisAccount{
Balance: new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 256-7), //2^256/128（允许多个预付款没有余额溢出）
			}
			continue
		}
		break
	}
//添加一批预编译余额以避免删除它们
	for i := int64(0); i < 256; i++ {
		genesis.Alloc[common.BigToAddress(big.NewInt(i))] = core.GenesisAccount{Balance: big.NewInt(1)}
	}
//向用户查询一些自定义附加项
	fmt.Println()
	fmt.Println("Specify your chain/network ID if you want an explicit one (default = random)")
	genesis.Config.ChainID = new(big.Int).SetUint64(uint64(w.readDefaultInt(rand.Intn(65536))))

//全部完成，存储Genesis并刷新到磁盘
	log.Info("Configured new genesis block")

	w.conf.Genesis = genesis
	w.conf.flush()
}

//ManageGenesis允许在
//一个Genesis配置和整个Genesis规范的导出。
func (w *wizard) manageGenesis() {
//确定是修改还是导出Genesis
	fmt.Println()
	fmt.Println(" 1. Modify existing fork rules")
	fmt.Println(" 2. Export genesis configuration")
	fmt.Println(" 3. Remove genesis configuration")

	choice := w.read()
	switch {
	case choice == "1":
//请求了fork规则更新，对每个fork进行迭代
		fmt.Println()
		fmt.Printf("Which block should Homestead come into effect? (default = %v)\n", w.conf.Genesis.Config.HomesteadBlock)
		w.conf.Genesis.Config.HomesteadBlock = w.readDefaultBigInt(w.conf.Genesis.Config.HomesteadBlock)

		fmt.Println()
		fmt.Printf("Which block should EIP150 come into effect? (default = %v)\n", w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP150Block)
		w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP150Block = w.readDefaultBigInt(w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP150Block)

		fmt.Println()
		fmt.Printf("Which block should EIP155 come into effect? (default = %v)\n", w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP155Block)
		w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP155Block = w.readDefaultBigInt(w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP155Block)

		fmt.Println()
		fmt.Printf("Which block should EIP158 come into effect? (default = %v)\n", w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP158Block)
		w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP158Block = w.readDefaultBigInt(w.conf.Genesis.Config.EIP158Block)

		fmt.Println()
		fmt.Printf("Which block should Byzantium come into effect? (default = %v)\n", w.conf.Genesis.Config.ByzantiumBlock)
		w.conf.Genesis.Config.ByzantiumBlock = w.readDefaultBigInt(w.conf.Genesis.Config.ByzantiumBlock)

		out, _ := json.MarshalIndent(w.conf.Genesis.Config, "", "  ")
		fmt.Printf("Chain configuration updated:\n\n%s\n", out)

	case choice == "2":
//保存我们当前的Genesis配置
		fmt.Println()
		fmt.Printf("Which file to save the genesis into? (default = %s.json)\n", w.network)
		out, _ := json.MarshalIndent(w.conf.Genesis, "", "  ")
		if err := ioutil.WriteFile(w.readDefaultString(fmt.Sprintf("%s.json", w.network)), out, 0644); err != nil {
			log.Error("Failed to save genesis file", "err", err)
		}
		log.Info("Exported existing genesis block")

	case choice == "3":
//
		if len(w.conf.servers()) > 0 {
			log.Error("Genesis reset requires all services and servers torn down")
			return
		}
		log.Info("Genesis block destroyed")

		w.conf.Genesis = nil
		w.conf.flush()

	default:
		log.Error("That's not something I can do")
	}
}