golang.org/toolchain@v0.0.1-go1.9rc2.windows-amd64/src/runtime/runtime2.go (about)

     1  // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  package runtime
     6  
     7  import (
     8  	"runtime/internal/atomic"
     9  	"runtime/internal/sys"
    10  	"unsafe"
    11  )
    12  
    13  // defined constants
    14  const (
    15  	// G status
    16  	//
    17  	// Beyond indicating the general state of a G, the G status
    18  	// acts like a lock on the goroutine's stack (and hence its
    19  	// ability to execute user code).
    20  	//
    21  	// If you add to this list, add to the list
    22  	// of "okay during garbage collection" status
    23  	// in mgcmark.go too.
    24  
    25  	// _Gidle means this goroutine was just allocated and has not
    26  	// yet been initialized.
    27  	_Gidle = iota // 0
    28  
    29  	// _Grunnable means this goroutine is on a run queue. It is
    30  	// not currently executing user code. The stack is not owned.
    31  	_Grunnable // 1
    32  
    33  	// _Grunning means this goroutine may execute user code. The
    34  	// stack is owned by this goroutine. It is not on a run queue.
    35  	// It is assigned an M and a P.
    36  	_Grunning // 2
    37  
    38  	// _Gsyscall means this goroutine is executing a system call.
    39  	// It is not executing user code. The stack is owned by this
    40  	// goroutine. It is not on a run queue. It is assigned an M.
    41  	_Gsyscall // 3
    42  
    43  	// _Gwaiting means this goroutine is blocked in the runtime.
    44  	// It is not executing user code. It is not on a run queue,
    45  	// but should be recorded somewhere (e.g., a channel wait
    46  	// queue) so it can be ready()d when necessary. The stack is
    47  	// not owned *except* that a channel operation may read or
    48  	// write parts of the stack under the appropriate channel
    49  	// lock. Otherwise, it is not safe to access the stack after a
    50  	// goroutine enters _Gwaiting (e.g., it may get moved).
    51  	_Gwaiting // 4
    52  
    53  	// _Gmoribund_unused is currently unused, but hardcoded in gdb
    54  	// scripts.
    55  	_Gmoribund_unused // 5
    56  
    57  	// _Gdead means this goroutine is currently unused. It may be
    58  	// just exited, on a free list, or just being initialized. It
    59  	// is not executing user code. It may or may not have a stack
    60  	// allocated. The G and its stack (if any) are owned by the M
    61  	// that is exiting the G or that obtained the G from the free
    62  	// list.
    63  	_Gdead // 6
    64  
    65  	// _Genqueue_unused is currently unused.
    66  	_Genqueue_unused // 7
    67  
    68  	// _Gcopystack means this goroutine's stack is being moved. It
    69  	// is not executing user code and is not on a run queue. The
    70  	// stack is owned by the goroutine that put it in _Gcopystack.
    71  	_Gcopystack // 8
    72  
    73  	// _Gscan combined with one of the above states other than
    74  	// _Grunning indicates that GC is scanning the stack. The
    75  	// goroutine is not executing user code and the stack is owned
    76  	// by the goroutine that set the _Gscan bit.
    77  	//
    78  	// _Gscanrunning is different: it is used to briefly block
    79  	// state transitions while GC signals the G to scan its own
    80  	// stack. This is otherwise like _Grunning.
    81  	//
    82  	// atomicstatus&~Gscan gives the state the goroutine will
    83  	// return to when the scan completes.
    84  	_Gscan         = 0x1000
    85  	_Gscanrunnable = _Gscan + _Grunnable // 0x1001
    86  	_Gscanrunning  = _Gscan + _Grunning  // 0x1002
    87  	_Gscansyscall  = _Gscan + _Gsyscall  // 0x1003
    88  	_Gscanwaiting  = _Gscan + _Gwaiting  // 0x1004
    89  )
    90  
    91  const (
    92  	// P status
    93  	_Pidle    = iota
    94  	_Prunning // Only this P is allowed to change from _Prunning.
    95  	_Psyscall
    96  	_Pgcstop
    97  	_Pdead
    98  )
    99  
   100  // Mutual exclusion locks.  In the uncontended case,
   101  // as fast as spin locks (just a few user-level instructions),
   102  // but on the contention path they sleep in the kernel.
   103  // A zeroed Mutex is unlocked (no need to initialize each lock).
   104  type mutex struct {
   105  	// Futex-based impl treats it as uint32 key,
   106  	// while sema-based impl as M* waitm.
   107  	// Used to be a union, but unions break precise GC.
   108  	key uintptr
   109  }
   110  
   111  // sleep and wakeup on one-time events.
   112  // before any calls to notesleep or notewakeup,
   113  // must call noteclear to initialize the Note.
   114  // then, exactly one thread can call notesleep
   115  // and exactly one thread can call notewakeup (once).
   116  // once notewakeup has been called, the notesleep
   117  // will return.  future notesleep will return immediately.
   118  // subsequent noteclear must be called only after
   119  // previous notesleep has returned, e.g. it's disallowed
   120  // to call noteclear straight after notewakeup.
   121  //
   122  // notetsleep is like notesleep but wakes up after
   123  // a given number of nanoseconds even if the event
   124  // has not yet happened.  if a goroutine uses notetsleep to
   125  // wake up early, it must wait to call noteclear until it
   126  // can be sure that no other goroutine is calling
   127  // notewakeup.
   128  //
   129  // notesleep/notetsleep are generally called on g0,
   130  // notetsleepg is similar to notetsleep but is called on user g.
   131  type note struct {
   132  	// Futex-based impl treats it as uint32 key,
   133  	// while sema-based impl as M* waitm.
   134  	// Used to be a union, but unions break precise GC.
   135  	key uintptr
   136  }
   137  
   138  type funcval struct {
   139  	fn uintptr
   140  	// variable-size, fn-specific data here
   141  }
   142  
   143  type iface struct {
   144  	tab  *itab
   145  	data unsafe.Pointer
   146  }
   147  
   148  type eface struct {
   149  	_type *_type
   150  	data  unsafe.Pointer
   151  }
   152  
   153  func efaceOf(ep *interface{}) *eface {
   154  	return (*eface)(unsafe.Pointer(ep))
   155  }
   156  
   157  // The guintptr, muintptr, and puintptr are all used to bypass write barriers.
   158  // It is particularly important to avoid write barriers when the current P has
   159  // been released, because the GC thinks the world is stopped, and an
   160  // unexpected write barrier would not be synchronized with the GC,
   161  // which can lead to a half-executed write barrier that has marked the object
   162  // but not queued it. If the GC skips the object and completes before the
   163  // queuing can occur, it will incorrectly free the object.
   164  //
   165  // We tried using special assignment functions invoked only when not
   166  // holding a running P, but then some updates to a particular memory
   167  // word went through write barriers and some did not. This breaks the
   168  // write barrier shadow checking mode, and it is also scary: better to have
   169  // a word that is completely ignored by the GC than to have one for which
   170  // only a few updates are ignored.
   171  //
   172  // Gs, Ms, and Ps are always reachable via true pointers in the
   173  // allgs, allm, and allp lists or (during allocation before they reach those lists)
   174  // from stack variables.
   175  
   176  // A guintptr holds a goroutine pointer, but typed as a uintptr
   177  // to bypass write barriers. It is used in the Gobuf goroutine state
   178  // and in scheduling lists that are manipulated without a P.
   179  //
   180  // The Gobuf.g goroutine pointer is almost always updated by assembly code.
   181  // In one of the few places it is updated by Go code - func save - it must be
   182  // treated as a uintptr to avoid a write barrier being emitted at a bad time.
   183  // Instead of figuring out how to emit the write barriers missing in the
   184  // assembly manipulation, we change the type of the field to uintptr,
   185  // so that it does not require write barriers at all.
   186  //
   187  // Goroutine structs are published in the allg list and never freed.
   188  // That will keep the goroutine structs from being collected.
   189  // There is never a time that Gobuf.g's contain the only references
   190  // to a goroutine: the publishing of the goroutine in allg comes first.
   191  // Goroutine pointers are also kept in non-GC-visible places like TLS,
   192  // so I can't see them ever moving. If we did want to start moving data
   193  // in the GC, we'd need to allocate the goroutine structs from an
   194  // alternate arena. Using guintptr doesn't make that problem any worse.
   195  type guintptr uintptr
   196  
   197  //go:nosplit
   198  func (gp guintptr) ptr() *g { return (*g)(unsafe.Pointer(gp)) }
   199  
   200  //go:nosplit
   201  func (gp *guintptr) set(g *g) { *gp = guintptr(unsafe.Pointer(g)) }
   202  
   203  //go:nosplit
   204  func (gp *guintptr) cas(old, new guintptr) bool {
   205  	return atomic.Casuintptr((*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(gp)), uintptr(old), uintptr(new))
   206  }
   207  
   208  // setGNoWB performs *gp = new without a write barrier.
   209  // For times when it's impractical to use a guintptr.
   210  //go:nosplit
   211  //go:nowritebarrier
   212  func setGNoWB(gp **g, new *g) {
   213  	(*guintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(gp)).set(new)
   214  }
   215  
   216  type puintptr uintptr
   217  
   218  //go:nosplit
   219  func (pp puintptr) ptr() *p { return (*p)(unsafe.Pointer(pp)) }
   220  
   221  //go:nosplit
   222  func (pp *puintptr) set(p *p) { *pp = puintptr(unsafe.Pointer(p)) }
   223  
   224  type muintptr uintptr
   225  
   226  //go:nosplit
   227  func (mp muintptr) ptr() *m { return (*m)(unsafe.Pointer(mp)) }
   228  
   229  //go:nosplit
   230  func (mp *muintptr) set(m *m) { *mp = muintptr(unsafe.Pointer(m)) }
   231  
   232  // setMNoWB performs *mp = new without a write barrier.
   233  // For times when it's impractical to use an muintptr.
   234  //go:nosplit
   235  //go:nowritebarrier
   236  func setMNoWB(mp **m, new *m) {
   237  	(*muintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(mp)).set(new)
   238  }
   239  
   240  type gobuf struct {
   241  	// The offsets of sp, pc, and g are known to (hard-coded in) libmach.
   242  	//
   243  	// ctxt is unusual with respect to GC: it may be a
   244  	// heap-allocated funcval so write require a write barrier,
   245  	// but gobuf needs to be cleared from assembly. We take
   246  	// advantage of the fact that the only path that uses a
   247  	// non-nil ctxt is morestack. As a result, gogo is the only
   248  	// place where it may not already be nil, so gogo uses an
   249  	// explicit write barrier. Everywhere else that resets the
   250  	// gobuf asserts that ctxt is already nil.
   251  	sp   uintptr
   252  	pc   uintptr
   253  	g    guintptr
   254  	ctxt unsafe.Pointer // this has to be a pointer so that gc scans it
   255  	ret  sys.Uintreg
   256  	lr   uintptr
   257  	bp   uintptr // for GOEXPERIMENT=framepointer
   258  }
   259  
   260  // sudog represents a g in a wait list, such as for sending/receiving
   261  // on a channel.
   262  //
   263  // sudog is necessary because the g ↔ synchronization object relation
   264  // is many-to-many. A g can be on many wait lists, so there may be
   265  // many sudogs for one g; and many gs may be waiting on the same
   266  // synchronization object, so there may be many sudogs for one object.
   267  //
   268  // sudogs are allocated from a special pool. Use acquireSudog and
   269  // releaseSudog to allocate and free them.
   270  type sudog struct {
   271  	// The following fields are protected by the hchan.lock of the
   272  	// channel this sudog is blocking on. shrinkstack depends on
   273  	// this for sudogs involved in channel ops.
   274  
   275  	g          *g
   276  	selectdone *uint32 // CAS to 1 to win select race (may point to stack)
   277  	next       *sudog
   278  	prev       *sudog
   279  	elem       unsafe.Pointer // data element (may point to stack)
   280  
   281  	// The following fields are never accessed concurrently.
   282  	// For channels, waitlink is only accessed by g.
   283  	// For semaphores, all fields (including the ones above)
   284  	// are only accessed when holding a semaRoot lock.
   285  
   286  	acquiretime int64
   287  	releasetime int64
   288  	ticket      uint32
   289  	parent      *sudog // semaRoot binary tree
   290  	waitlink    *sudog // g.waiting list or semaRoot
   291  	waittail    *sudog // semaRoot
   292  	c           *hchan // channel
   293  }
   294  
   295  type libcall struct {
   296  	fn   uintptr
   297  	n    uintptr // number of parameters
   298  	args uintptr // parameters
   299  	r1   uintptr // return values
   300  	r2   uintptr
   301  	err  uintptr // error number
   302  }
   303  
   304  // describes how to handle callback
   305  type wincallbackcontext struct {
   306  	gobody       unsafe.Pointer // go function to call
   307  	argsize      uintptr        // callback arguments size (in bytes)
   308  	restorestack uintptr        // adjust stack on return by (in bytes) (386 only)
   309  	cleanstack   bool
   310  }
   311  
   312  // Stack describes a Go execution stack.
   313  // The bounds of the stack are exactly [lo, hi),
   314  // with no implicit data structures on either side.
   315  type stack struct {
   316  	lo uintptr
   317  	hi uintptr
   318  }
   319  
   320  type g struct {
   321  	// Stack parameters.
   322  	// stack describes the actual stack memory: [stack.lo, stack.hi).
   323  	// stackguard0 is the stack pointer compared in the Go stack growth prologue.
   324  	// It is stack.lo+StackGuard normally, but can be StackPreempt to trigger a preemption.
   325  	// stackguard1 is the stack pointer compared in the C stack growth prologue.
   326  	// It is stack.lo+StackGuard on g0 and gsignal stacks.
   327  	// It is ~0 on other goroutine stacks, to trigger a call to morestackc (and crash).
   328  	stack       stack   // offset known to runtime/cgo
   329  	stackguard0 uintptr // offset known to liblink
   330  	stackguard1 uintptr // offset known to liblink
   331  
   332  	_panic         *_panic // innermost panic - offset known to liblink
   333  	_defer         *_defer // innermost defer
   334  	m              *m      // current m; offset known to arm liblink
   335  	sched          gobuf
   336  	syscallsp      uintptr        // if status==Gsyscall, syscallsp = sched.sp to use during gc
   337  	syscallpc      uintptr        // if status==Gsyscall, syscallpc = sched.pc to use during gc
   338  	stktopsp       uintptr        // expected sp at top of stack, to check in traceback
   339  	param          unsafe.Pointer // passed parameter on wakeup
   340  	atomicstatus   uint32
   341  	stackLock      uint32 // sigprof/scang lock; TODO: fold in to atomicstatus
   342  	goid           int64
   343  	waitsince      int64  // approx time when the g become blocked
   344  	waitreason     string // if status==Gwaiting
   345  	schedlink      guintptr
   346  	preempt        bool     // preemption signal, duplicates stackguard0 = stackpreempt
   347  	paniconfault   bool     // panic (instead of crash) on unexpected fault address
   348  	preemptscan    bool     // preempted g does scan for gc
   349  	gcscandone     bool     // g has scanned stack; protected by _Gscan bit in status
   350  	gcscanvalid    bool     // false at start of gc cycle, true if G has not run since last scan; TODO: remove?
   351  	throwsplit     bool     // must not split stack
   352  	raceignore     int8     // ignore race detection events
   353  	sysblocktraced bool     // StartTrace has emitted EvGoInSyscall about this goroutine
   354  	sysexitticks   int64    // cputicks when syscall has returned (for tracing)
   355  	traceseq       uint64   // trace event sequencer
   356  	tracelastp     puintptr // last P emitted an event for this goroutine
   357  	lockedm        *m
   358  	sig            uint32
   359  	writebuf       []byte
   360  	sigcode0       uintptr
   361  	sigcode1       uintptr
   362  	sigpc          uintptr
   363  	gopc           uintptr // pc of go statement that created this goroutine
   364  	startpc        uintptr // pc of goroutine function
   365  	racectx        uintptr
   366  	waiting        *sudog         // sudog structures this g is waiting on (that have a valid elem ptr); in lock order
   367  	cgoCtxt        []uintptr      // cgo traceback context
   368  	labels         unsafe.Pointer // profiler labels
   369  	timer          *timer         // cached timer for time.Sleep
   370  
   371  	// Per-G GC state
   372  
   373  	// gcAssistBytes is this G's GC assist credit in terms of
   374  	// bytes allocated. If this is positive, then the G has credit
   375  	// to allocate gcAssistBytes bytes without assisting. If this
   376  	// is negative, then the G must correct this by performing
   377  	// scan work. We track this in bytes to make it fast to update
   378  	// and check for debt in the malloc hot path. The assist ratio
   379  	// determines how this corresponds to scan work debt.
   380  	gcAssistBytes int64
   381  }
   382  
   383  type m struct {
   384  	g0      *g     // goroutine with scheduling stack
   385  	morebuf gobuf  // gobuf arg to morestack
   386  	divmod  uint32 // div/mod denominator for arm - known to liblink
   387  
   388  	// Fields not known to debuggers.
   389  	procid        uint64     // for debuggers, but offset not hard-coded
   390  	gsignal       *g         // signal-handling g
   391  	sigmask       sigset     // storage for saved signal mask
   392  	tls           [6]uintptr // thread-local storage (for x86 extern register)
   393  	mstartfn      func()
   394  	curg          *g       // current running goroutine
   395  	caughtsig     guintptr // goroutine running during fatal signal
   396  	p             puintptr // attached p for executing go code (nil if not executing go code)
   397  	nextp         puintptr
   398  	id            int32
   399  	mallocing     int32
   400  	throwing      int32
   401  	preemptoff    string // if != "", keep curg running on this m
   402  	locks         int32
   403  	softfloat     int32
   404  	dying         int32
   405  	profilehz     int32
   406  	helpgc        int32
   407  	spinning      bool // m is out of work and is actively looking for work
   408  	blocked       bool // m is blocked on a note
   409  	inwb          bool // m is executing a write barrier
   410  	newSigstack   bool // minit on C thread called sigaltstack
   411  	printlock     int8
   412  	incgo         bool // m is executing a cgo call
   413  	fastrand      uint32
   414  	ncgocall      uint64      // number of cgo calls in total
   415  	ncgo          int32       // number of cgo calls currently in progress
   416  	cgoCallersUse uint32      // if non-zero, cgoCallers in use temporarily
   417  	cgoCallers    *cgoCallers // cgo traceback if crashing in cgo call
   418  	park          note
   419  	alllink       *m // on allm
   420  	schedlink     muintptr
   421  	mcache        *mcache
   422  	lockedg       *g
   423  	createstack   [32]uintptr // stack that created this thread.
   424  	freglo        [16]uint32  // d[i] lsb and f[i]
   425  	freghi        [16]uint32  // d[i] msb and f[i+16]
   426  	fflag         uint32      // floating point compare flags
   427  	locked        uint32      // tracking for lockosthread
   428  	nextwaitm     uintptr     // next m waiting for lock
   429  	needextram    bool
   430  	traceback     uint8
   431  	waitunlockf   unsafe.Pointer // todo go func(*g, unsafe.pointer) bool
   432  	waitlock      unsafe.Pointer
   433  	waittraceev   byte
   434  	waittraceskip int
   435  	startingtrace bool
   436  	syscalltick   uint32
   437  	thread        uintptr // thread handle
   438  
   439  	// these are here because they are too large to be on the stack
   440  	// of low-level NOSPLIT functions.
   441  	libcall   libcall
   442  	libcallpc uintptr // for cpu profiler
   443  	libcallsp uintptr
   444  	libcallg  guintptr
   445  	syscall   libcall // stores syscall parameters on windows
   446  
   447  	mOS
   448  }
   449  
   450  type p struct {
   451  	lock mutex
   452  
   453  	id          int32
   454  	status      uint32 // one of pidle/prunning/...
   455  	link        puintptr
   456  	schedtick   uint32     // incremented on every scheduler call
   457  	syscalltick uint32     // incremented on every system call
   458  	sysmontick  sysmontick // last tick observed by sysmon
   459  	m           muintptr   // back-link to associated m (nil if idle)
   460  	mcache      *mcache
   461  	racectx     uintptr
   462  
   463  	deferpool    [5][]*_defer // pool of available defer structs of different sizes (see panic.go)
   464  	deferpoolbuf [5][32]*_defer
   465  
   466  	// Cache of goroutine ids, amortizes accesses to runtime·sched.goidgen.
   467  	goidcache    uint64
   468  	goidcacheend uint64
   469  
   470  	// Queue of runnable goroutines. Accessed without lock.
   471  	runqhead uint32
   472  	runqtail uint32
   473  	runq     [256]guintptr
   474  	// runnext, if non-nil, is a runnable G that was ready'd by
   475  	// the current G and should be run next instead of what's in
   476  	// runq if there's time remaining in the running G's time
   477  	// slice. It will inherit the time left in the current time
   478  	// slice. If a set of goroutines is locked in a
   479  	// communicate-and-wait pattern, this schedules that set as a
   480  	// unit and eliminates the (potentially large) scheduling
   481  	// latency that otherwise arises from adding the ready'd
   482  	// goroutines to the end of the run queue.
   483  	runnext guintptr
   484  
   485  	// Available G's (status == Gdead)
   486  	gfree    *g
   487  	gfreecnt int32
   488  
   489  	sudogcache []*sudog
   490  	sudogbuf   [128]*sudog
   491  
   492  	tracebuf traceBufPtr
   493  
   494  	// traceSweep indicates the sweep events should be traced.
   495  	// This is used to defer the sweep start event until a span
   496  	// has actually been swept.
   497  	traceSweep bool
   498  	// traceSwept and traceReclaimed track the number of bytes
   499  	// swept and reclaimed by sweeping in the current sweep loop.
   500  	traceSwept, traceReclaimed uintptr
   501  
   502  	palloc persistentAlloc // per-P to avoid mutex
   503  
   504  	// Per-P GC state
   505  	gcAssistTime     int64 // Nanoseconds in assistAlloc
   506  	gcBgMarkWorker   guintptr
   507  	gcMarkWorkerMode gcMarkWorkerMode
   508  
   509  	// gcw is this P's GC work buffer cache. The work buffer is
   510  	// filled by write barriers, drained by mutator assists, and
   511  	// disposed on certain GC state transitions.
   512  	gcw gcWork
   513  
   514  	runSafePointFn uint32 // if 1, run sched.safePointFn at next safe point
   515  
   516  	pad [sys.CacheLineSize]byte
   517  }
   518  
   519  const (
   520  	// The max value of GOMAXPROCS.
   521  	// There are no fundamental restrictions on the value.
   522  	_MaxGomaxprocs = 1 << 10
   523  )
   524  
   525  type schedt struct {
   526  	// accessed atomically. keep at top to ensure alignment on 32-bit systems.
   527  	goidgen  uint64
   528  	lastpoll uint64
   529  
   530  	lock mutex
   531  
   532  	midle        muintptr // idle m's waiting for work
   533  	nmidle       int32    // number of idle m's waiting for work
   534  	nmidlelocked int32    // number of locked m's waiting for work
   535  	mcount       int32    // number of m's that have been created
   536  	maxmcount    int32    // maximum number of m's allowed (or die)
   537  
   538  	ngsys uint32 // number of system goroutines; updated atomically
   539  
   540  	pidle      puintptr // idle p's
   541  	npidle     uint32
   542  	nmspinning uint32 // See "Worker thread parking/unparking" comment in proc.go.
   543  
   544  	// Global runnable queue.
   545  	runqhead guintptr
   546  	runqtail guintptr
   547  	runqsize int32
   548  
   549  	// Global cache of dead G's.
   550  	gflock       mutex
   551  	gfreeStack   *g
   552  	gfreeNoStack *g
   553  	ngfree       int32
   554  
   555  	// Central cache of sudog structs.
   556  	sudoglock  mutex
   557  	sudogcache *sudog
   558  
   559  	// Central pool of available defer structs of different sizes.
   560  	deferlock mutex
   561  	deferpool [5]*_defer
   562  
   563  	gcwaiting  uint32 // gc is waiting to run
   564  	stopwait   int32
   565  	stopnote   note
   566  	sysmonwait uint32
   567  	sysmonnote note
   568  
   569  	// safepointFn should be called on each P at the next GC
   570  	// safepoint if p.runSafePointFn is set.
   571  	safePointFn   func(*p)
   572  	safePointWait int32
   573  	safePointNote note
   574  
   575  	profilehz int32 // cpu profiling rate
   576  
   577  	procresizetime int64 // nanotime() of last change to gomaxprocs
   578  	totaltime      int64 // ∫gomaxprocs dt up to procresizetime
   579  }
   580  
   581  // The m.locked word holds two pieces of state counting active calls to LockOSThread/lockOSThread.
   582  // The low bit (LockExternal) is a boolean reporting whether any LockOSThread call is active.
   583  // External locks are not recursive; a second lock is silently ignored.
   584  // The upper bits of m.locked record the nesting depth of calls to lockOSThread
   585  // (counting up by LockInternal), popped by unlockOSThread (counting down by LockInternal).
   586  // Internal locks can be recursive. For instance, a lock for cgo can occur while the main
   587  // goroutine is holding the lock during the initialization phase.
   588  const (
   589  	_LockExternal = 1
   590  	_LockInternal = 2
   591  )
   592  
   593  const (
   594  	_SigNotify   = 1 << iota // let signal.Notify have signal, even if from kernel
   595  	_SigKill                 // if signal.Notify doesn't take it, exit quietly
   596  	_SigThrow                // if signal.Notify doesn't take it, exit loudly
   597  	_SigPanic                // if the signal is from the kernel, panic
   598  	_SigDefault              // if the signal isn't explicitly requested, don't monitor it
   599  	_SigGoExit               // cause all runtime procs to exit (only used on Plan 9).
   600  	_SigSetStack             // add SA_ONSTACK to libc handler
   601  	_SigUnblock              // unblocked in minit
   602  )
   603  
   604  // Layout of in-memory per-function information prepared by linker
   605  // See https://golang.org/s/go12symtab.
   606  // Keep in sync with linker (../cmd/link/internal/ld/pcln.go:/pclntab)
   607  // and with package debug/gosym and with symtab.go in package runtime.
   608  type _func struct {
   609  	entry   uintptr // start pc
   610  	nameoff int32   // function name
   611  
   612  	args int32 // in/out args size
   613  	_    int32 // previously legacy frame size; kept for layout compatibility
   614  
   615  	pcsp      int32
   616  	pcfile    int32
   617  	pcln      int32
   618  	npcdata   int32
   619  	nfuncdata int32
   620  }
   621  
   622  // layout of Itab known to compilers
   623  // allocated in non-garbage-collected memory
   624  // Needs to be in sync with
   625  // ../cmd/compile/internal/gc/reflect.go:/^func.dumptypestructs.
   626  type itab struct {
   627  	inter  *interfacetype
   628  	_type  *_type
   629  	link   *itab
   630  	hash   uint32 // copy of _type.hash. Used for type switches.
   631  	bad    bool   // type does not implement interface
   632  	inhash bool   // has this itab been added to hash?
   633  	unused [2]byte
   634  	fun    [1]uintptr // variable sized
   635  }
   636  
   637  // Lock-free stack node.
   638  // // Also known to export_test.go.
   639  type lfnode struct {
   640  	next    uint64
   641  	pushcnt uintptr
   642  }
   643  
   644  type forcegcstate struct {
   645  	lock mutex
   646  	g    *g
   647  	idle uint32
   648  }
   649  
   650  // startup_random_data holds random bytes initialized at startup. These come from
   651  // the ELF AT_RANDOM auxiliary vector (vdso_linux_amd64.go or os_linux_386.go).
   652  var startupRandomData []byte
   653  
   654  // extendRandom extends the random numbers in r[:n] to the whole slice r.
   655  // Treats n<0 as n==0.
   656  func extendRandom(r []byte, n int) {
   657  	if n < 0 {
   658  		n = 0
   659  	}
   660  	for n < len(r) {
   661  		// Extend random bits using hash function & time seed
   662  		w := n
   663  		if w > 16 {
   664  			w = 16
   665  		}
   666  		h := memhash(unsafe.Pointer(&r[n-w]), uintptr(nanotime()), uintptr(w))
   667  		for i := 0; i < sys.PtrSize && n < len(r); i++ {
   668  			r[n] = byte(h)
   669  			n++
   670  			h >>= 8
   671  		}
   672  	}
   673  }
   674  
   675  // deferred subroutine calls
   676  type _defer struct {
   677  	siz     int32
   678  	started bool
   679  	sp      uintptr // sp at time of defer
   680  	pc      uintptr
   681  	fn      *funcval
   682  	_panic  *_panic // panic that is running defer
   683  	link    *_defer
   684  }
   685  
   686  // panics
   687  type _panic struct {
   688  	argp      unsafe.Pointer // pointer to arguments of deferred call run during panic; cannot move - known to liblink
   689  	arg       interface{}    // argument to panic
   690  	link      *_panic        // link to earlier panic
   691  	recovered bool           // whether this panic is over
   692  	aborted   bool           // the panic was aborted
   693  }
   694  
   695  // stack traces
   696  type stkframe struct {
   697  	fn       funcInfo   // function being run
   698  	pc       uintptr    // program counter within fn
   699  	continpc uintptr    // program counter where execution can continue, or 0 if not
   700  	lr       uintptr    // program counter at caller aka link register
   701  	sp       uintptr    // stack pointer at pc
   702  	fp       uintptr    // stack pointer at caller aka frame pointer
   703  	varp     uintptr    // top of local variables
   704  	argp     uintptr    // pointer to function arguments
   705  	arglen   uintptr    // number of bytes at argp
   706  	argmap   *bitvector // force use of this argmap
   707  }
   708  
   709  const (
   710  	_TraceRuntimeFrames = 1 << iota // include frames for internal runtime functions.
   711  	_TraceTrap                      // the initial PC, SP are from a trap, not a return PC from a call
   712  	_TraceJumpStack                 // if traceback is on a systemstack, resume trace at g that called into it
   713  )
   714  
   715  // The maximum number of frames we print for a traceback
   716  const _TracebackMaxFrames = 100
   717  
   718  var (
   719  	emptystring string
   720  	allglen     uintptr
   721  	allm        *m
   722  	allp        [_MaxGomaxprocs + 1]*p
   723  	gomaxprocs  int32
   724  	ncpu        int32
   725  	forcegc     forcegcstate
   726  	sched       schedt
   727  	newprocs    int32
   728  
   729  	// Information about what cpu features are available.
   730  	// Set on startup in asm_{386,amd64,amd64p32}.s.
   731  	// Packages outside the runtime should not use these
   732  	// as they are not an external api.
   733  	processorVersionInfo uint32
   734  	isIntel              bool
   735  	lfenceBeforeRdtsc    bool
   736  	support_aes          bool
   737  	support_avx          bool
   738  	support_avx2         bool
   739  	support_bmi1         bool
   740  	support_bmi2         bool
   741  	support_erms         bool
   742  	support_osxsave      bool
   743  	support_popcnt       bool
   744  	support_sse2         bool
   745  	support_sse41        bool
   746  	support_sse42        bool
   747  	support_ssse3        bool
   748  
   749  	goarm                uint8 // set by cmd/link on arm systems
   750  	framepointer_enabled bool  // set by cmd/link
   751  )
   752  
   753  // Set by the linker so the runtime can determine the buildmode.
   754  var (
   755  	islibrary bool // -buildmode=c-shared
   756  	isarchive bool // -buildmode=c-archive
   757  )