modernc.org/cc@v1.0.1/v2/testdata/_sqlite/src/tokenize.c (about)

     1  /*
     2  ** 2001 September 15
     3  **
     4  ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
     5  ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
     6  **
     7  **    May you do good and not evil.
     8  **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
     9  **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
    10  **
    11  *************************************************************************
    12  ** An tokenizer for SQL
    13  **
    14  ** This file contains C code that splits an SQL input string up into
    15  ** individual tokens and sends those tokens one-by-one over to the
    16  ** parser for analysis.
    17  */
    18  #include "sqliteInt.h"
    19  #include <stdlib.h>
    20  
    21  /* Character classes for tokenizing
    22  **
    23  ** In the sqlite3GetToken() function, a switch() on aiClass[c] is implemented
    24  ** using a lookup table, whereas a switch() directly on c uses a binary search.
    25  ** The lookup table is much faster.  To maximize speed, and to ensure that
    26  ** a lookup table is used, all of the classes need to be small integers and
    27  ** all of them need to be used within the switch.
    28  */
    29  #define CC_X          0    /* The letter 'x', or start of BLOB literal */
    30  #define CC_KYWD       1    /* Alphabetics or '_'.  Usable in a keyword */
    31  #define CC_ID         2    /* unicode characters usable in IDs */
    32  #define CC_DIGIT      3    /* Digits */
    33  #define CC_DOLLAR     4    /* '$' */
    34  #define CC_VARALPHA   5    /* '@', '#', ':'.  Alphabetic SQL variables */
    35  #define CC_VARNUM     6    /* '?'.  Numeric SQL variables */
    36  #define CC_SPACE      7    /* Space characters */
    37  #define CC_QUOTE      8    /* '"', '\'', or '`'.  String literals, quoted ids */
    38  #define CC_QUOTE2     9    /* '['.   [...] style quoted ids */
    39  #define CC_PIPE      10    /* '|'.   Bitwise OR or concatenate */
    40  #define CC_MINUS     11    /* '-'.  Minus or SQL-style comment */
    41  #define CC_LT        12    /* '<'.  Part of < or <= or <> */
    42  #define CC_GT        13    /* '>'.  Part of > or >= */
    43  #define CC_EQ        14    /* '='.  Part of = or == */
    44  #define CC_BANG      15    /* '!'.  Part of != */
    45  #define CC_SLASH     16    /* '/'.  / or c-style comment */
    46  #define CC_LP        17    /* '(' */
    47  #define CC_RP        18    /* ')' */
    48  #define CC_SEMI      19    /* ';' */
    49  #define CC_PLUS      20    /* '+' */
    50  #define CC_STAR      21    /* '*' */
    51  #define CC_PERCENT   22    /* '%' */
    52  #define CC_COMMA     23    /* ',' */
    53  #define CC_AND       24    /* '&' */
    54  #define CC_TILDA     25    /* '~' */
    55  #define CC_DOT       26    /* '.' */
    56  #define CC_ILLEGAL   27    /* Illegal character */
    57  
    58  static const unsigned char aiClass[] = {
    59  #ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
    60  /*         x0  x1  x2  x3  x4  x5  x6  x7  x8  x9  xa  xb  xc  xd  xe  xf */
    61  /* 0x */   27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,  7,  7, 27,  7,  7, 27, 27,
    62  /* 1x */   27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    63  /* 2x */    7, 15,  8,  5,  4, 22, 24,  8, 17, 18, 21, 20, 23, 11, 26, 16,
    64  /* 3x */    3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  5, 19, 12, 14, 13,  6,
    65  /* 4x */    5,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,
    66  /* 5x */    1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  0,  1,  1,  9, 27, 27, 27,  1,
    67  /* 6x */    8,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,
    68  /* 7x */    1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  0,  1,  1, 27, 10, 27, 25, 27,
    69  /* 8x */    2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,
    70  /* 9x */    2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,
    71  /* Ax */    2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,
    72  /* Bx */    2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,
    73  /* Cx */    2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,
    74  /* Dx */    2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,
    75  /* Ex */    2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,
    76  /* Fx */    2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2,  2
    77  #endif
    78  #ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
    79  /*         x0  x1  x2  x3  x4  x5  x6  x7  x8  x9  xa  xb  xc  xd  xe  xf */
    80  /* 0x */   27, 27, 27, 27, 27,  7, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,  7,  7, 27, 27,
    81  /* 1x */   27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    82  /* 2x */   27, 27, 27, 27, 27,  7, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    83  /* 3x */   27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    84  /* 4x */    7, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 12, 17, 20, 10,
    85  /* 5x */   24, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 15,  4, 21, 18, 19, 27,
    86  /* 6x */   11, 16, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 23, 22,  1, 13,  6,
    87  /* 7x */   27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,  8,  5,  5,  5,  8, 14,  8,
    88  /* 8x */   27,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    89  /* 9x */   27,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    90  /* Ax */   27, 25,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  0,  1,  1, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    91  /* Bx */   27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,  9, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    92  /* Cx */   27,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    93  /* Dx */   27,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    94  /* Ex */   27, 27,  1,  1,  1,  1,  1,  0,  1,  1, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    95  /* Fx */    3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3,  3, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
    96  #endif
    97  };
    98  
    99  /*
   100  ** The charMap() macro maps alphabetic characters (only) into their
   101  ** lower-case ASCII equivalent.  On ASCII machines, this is just
   102  ** an upper-to-lower case map.  On EBCDIC machines we also need
   103  ** to adjust the encoding.  The mapping is only valid for alphabetics
   104  ** which are the only characters for which this feature is used. 
   105  **
   106  ** Used by keywordhash.h
   107  */
   108  #ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
   109  # define charMap(X) sqlite3UpperToLower[(unsigned char)X]
   110  #endif
   111  #ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
   112  # define charMap(X) ebcdicToAscii[(unsigned char)X]
   113  const unsigned char ebcdicToAscii[] = {
   114  /* 0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   A   B   C   D   E   F */
   115     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 0x */
   116     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 1x */
   117     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 2x */
   118     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 3x */
   119     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 4x */
   120     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 5x */
   121     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 95,  0,  0,  /* 6x */
   122     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 7x */
   123     0, 97, 98, 99,100,101,102,103,104,105,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 8x */
   124     0,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 9x */
   125     0,  0,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Ax */
   126     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Bx */
   127     0, 97, 98, 99,100,101,102,103,104,105,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Cx */
   128     0,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Dx */
   129     0,  0,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Ex */
   130     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Fx */
   131  };
   132  #endif
   133  
   134  /*
   135  ** The sqlite3KeywordCode function looks up an identifier to determine if
   136  ** it is a keyword.  If it is a keyword, the token code of that keyword is 
   137  ** returned.  If the input is not a keyword, TK_ID is returned.
   138  **
   139  ** The implementation of this routine was generated by a program,
   140  ** mkkeywordhash.c, located in the tool subdirectory of the distribution.
   141  ** The output of the mkkeywordhash.c program is written into a file
   142  ** named keywordhash.h and then included into this source file by
   143  ** the #include below.
   144  */
   145  #include "keywordhash.h"
   146  
   147  
   148  /*
   149  ** If X is a character that can be used in an identifier then
   150  ** IdChar(X) will be true.  Otherwise it is false.
   151  **
   152  ** For ASCII, any character with the high-order bit set is
   153  ** allowed in an identifier.  For 7-bit characters, 
   154  ** sqlite3IsIdChar[X] must be 1.
   155  **
   156  ** For EBCDIC, the rules are more complex but have the same
   157  ** end result.
   158  **
   159  ** Ticket #1066.  the SQL standard does not allow '$' in the
   160  ** middle of identifiers.  But many SQL implementations do. 
   161  ** SQLite will allow '$' in identifiers for compatibility.
   162  ** But the feature is undocumented.
   163  */
   164  #ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
   165  #define IdChar(C)  ((sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)C]&0x46)!=0)
   166  #endif
   167  #ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
   168  const char sqlite3IsEbcdicIdChar[] = {
   169  /* x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 xA xB xC xD xE xF */
   170      0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 4x */
   171      0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 5x */
   172      0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,  /* 6x */
   173      0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 7x */
   174      0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0,  /* 8x */
   175      0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0,  /* 9x */
   176      1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0,  /* Ax */
   177      0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* Bx */
   178      0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  /* Cx */
   179      0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  /* Dx */
   180      0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  /* Ex */
   181      1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,  /* Fx */
   182  };
   183  #define IdChar(C)  (((c=C)>=0x42 && sqlite3IsEbcdicIdChar[c-0x40]))
   184  #endif
   185  
   186  /* Make the IdChar function accessible from ctime.c */
   187  #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
   188  int sqlite3IsIdChar(u8 c){ return IdChar(c); }
   189  #endif
   190  
   191  
   192  /*
   193  ** Return the length (in bytes) of the token that begins at z[0]. 
   194  ** Store the token type in *tokenType before returning.
   195  */
   196  int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *z, int *tokenType){
   197    int i, c;
   198    switch( aiClass[*z] ){  /* Switch on the character-class of the first byte
   199                            ** of the token. See the comment on the CC_ defines
   200                            ** above. */
   201      case CC_SPACE: {
   202        testcase( z[0]==' ' );
   203        testcase( z[0]=='\t' );
   204        testcase( z[0]=='\n' );
   205        testcase( z[0]=='\f' );
   206        testcase( z[0]=='\r' );
   207        for(i=1; sqlite3Isspace(z[i]); i++){}
   208        *tokenType = TK_SPACE;
   209        return i;
   210      }
   211      case CC_MINUS: {
   212        if( z[1]=='-' ){
   213          for(i=2; (c=z[i])!=0 && c!='\n'; i++){}
   214          *tokenType = TK_SPACE;   /* IMP: R-22934-25134 */
   215          return i;
   216        }
   217        *tokenType = TK_MINUS;
   218        return 1;
   219      }
   220      case CC_LP: {
   221        *tokenType = TK_LP;
   222        return 1;
   223      }
   224      case CC_RP: {
   225        *tokenType = TK_RP;
   226        return 1;
   227      }
   228      case CC_SEMI: {
   229        *tokenType = TK_SEMI;
   230        return 1;
   231      }
   232      case CC_PLUS: {
   233        *tokenType = TK_PLUS;
   234        return 1;
   235      }
   236      case CC_STAR: {
   237        *tokenType = TK_STAR;
   238        return 1;
   239      }
   240      case CC_SLASH: {
   241        if( z[1]!='*' || z[2]==0 ){
   242          *tokenType = TK_SLASH;
   243          return 1;
   244        }
   245        for(i=3, c=z[2]; (c!='*' || z[i]!='/') && (c=z[i])!=0; i++){}
   246        if( c ) i++;
   247        *tokenType = TK_SPACE;   /* IMP: R-22934-25134 */
   248        return i;
   249      }
   250      case CC_PERCENT: {
   251        *tokenType = TK_REM;
   252        return 1;
   253      }
   254      case CC_EQ: {
   255        *tokenType = TK_EQ;
   256        return 1 + (z[1]=='=');
   257      }
   258      case CC_LT: {
   259        if( (c=z[1])=='=' ){
   260          *tokenType = TK_LE;
   261          return 2;
   262        }else if( c=='>' ){
   263          *tokenType = TK_NE;
   264          return 2;
   265        }else if( c=='<' ){
   266          *tokenType = TK_LSHIFT;
   267          return 2;
   268        }else{
   269          *tokenType = TK_LT;
   270          return 1;
   271        }
   272      }
   273      case CC_GT: {
   274        if( (c=z[1])=='=' ){
   275          *tokenType = TK_GE;
   276          return 2;
   277        }else if( c=='>' ){
   278          *tokenType = TK_RSHIFT;
   279          return 2;
   280        }else{
   281          *tokenType = TK_GT;
   282          return 1;
   283        }
   284      }
   285      case CC_BANG: {
   286        if( z[1]!='=' ){
   287          *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
   288          return 1;
   289        }else{
   290          *tokenType = TK_NE;
   291          return 2;
   292        }
   293      }
   294      case CC_PIPE: {
   295        if( z[1]!='|' ){
   296          *tokenType = TK_BITOR;
   297          return 1;
   298        }else{
   299          *tokenType = TK_CONCAT;
   300          return 2;
   301        }
   302      }
   303      case CC_COMMA: {
   304        *tokenType = TK_COMMA;
   305        return 1;
   306      }
   307      case CC_AND: {
   308        *tokenType = TK_BITAND;
   309        return 1;
   310      }
   311      case CC_TILDA: {
   312        *tokenType = TK_BITNOT;
   313        return 1;
   314      }
   315      case CC_QUOTE: {
   316        int delim = z[0];
   317        testcase( delim=='`' );
   318        testcase( delim=='\'' );
   319        testcase( delim=='"' );
   320        for(i=1; (c=z[i])!=0; i++){
   321          if( c==delim ){
   322            if( z[i+1]==delim ){
   323              i++;
   324            }else{
   325              break;
   326            }
   327          }
   328        }
   329        if( c=='\'' ){
   330          *tokenType = TK_STRING;
   331          return i+1;
   332        }else if( c!=0 ){
   333          *tokenType = TK_ID;
   334          return i+1;
   335        }else{
   336          *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
   337          return i;
   338        }
   339      }
   340      case CC_DOT: {
   341  #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
   342        if( !sqlite3Isdigit(z[1]) )
   343  #endif
   344        {
   345          *tokenType = TK_DOT;
   346          return 1;
   347        }
   348        /* If the next character is a digit, this is a floating point
   349        ** number that begins with ".".  Fall thru into the next case */
   350      }
   351      case CC_DIGIT: {
   352        testcase( z[0]=='0' );  testcase( z[0]=='1' );  testcase( z[0]=='2' );
   353        testcase( z[0]=='3' );  testcase( z[0]=='4' );  testcase( z[0]=='5' );
   354        testcase( z[0]=='6' );  testcase( z[0]=='7' );  testcase( z[0]=='8' );
   355        testcase( z[0]=='9' );
   356        *tokenType = TK_INTEGER;
   357  #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_HEX_INTEGER
   358        if( z[0]=='0' && (z[1]=='x' || z[1]=='X') && sqlite3Isxdigit(z[2]) ){
   359          for(i=3; sqlite3Isxdigit(z[i]); i++){}
   360          return i;
   361        }
   362  #endif
   363        for(i=0; sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]); i++){}
   364  #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
   365        if( z[i]=='.' ){
   366          i++;
   367          while( sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]) ){ i++; }
   368          *tokenType = TK_FLOAT;
   369        }
   370        if( (z[i]=='e' || z[i]=='E') &&
   371             ( sqlite3Isdigit(z[i+1]) 
   372              || ((z[i+1]=='+' || z[i+1]=='-') && sqlite3Isdigit(z[i+2]))
   373             )
   374        ){
   375          i += 2;
   376          while( sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]) ){ i++; }
   377          *tokenType = TK_FLOAT;
   378        }
   379  #endif
   380        while( IdChar(z[i]) ){
   381          *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
   382          i++;
   383        }
   384        return i;
   385      }
   386      case CC_QUOTE2: {
   387        for(i=1, c=z[0]; c!=']' && (c=z[i])!=0; i++){}
   388        *tokenType = c==']' ? TK_ID : TK_ILLEGAL;
   389        return i;
   390      }
   391      case CC_VARNUM: {
   392        *tokenType = TK_VARIABLE;
   393        for(i=1; sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]); i++){}
   394        return i;
   395      }
   396      case CC_DOLLAR:
   397      case CC_VARALPHA: {
   398        int n = 0;
   399        testcase( z[0]=='$' );  testcase( z[0]=='@' );
   400        testcase( z[0]==':' );  testcase( z[0]=='#' );
   401        *tokenType = TK_VARIABLE;
   402        for(i=1; (c=z[i])!=0; i++){
   403          if( IdChar(c) ){
   404            n++;
   405  #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TCL_VARIABLE
   406          }else if( c=='(' && n>0 ){
   407            do{
   408              i++;
   409            }while( (c=z[i])!=0 && !sqlite3Isspace(c) && c!=')' );
   410            if( c==')' ){
   411              i++;
   412            }else{
   413              *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
   414            }
   415            break;
   416          }else if( c==':' && z[i+1]==':' ){
   417            i++;
   418  #endif
   419          }else{
   420            break;
   421          }
   422        }
   423        if( n==0 ) *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
   424        return i;
   425      }
   426      case CC_KYWD: {
   427        for(i=1; aiClass[z[i]]<=CC_KYWD; i++){}
   428        if( IdChar(z[i]) ){
   429          /* This token started out using characters that can appear in keywords,
   430          ** but z[i] is a character not allowed within keywords, so this must
   431          ** be an identifier instead */
   432          i++;
   433          break;
   434        }
   435        *tokenType = TK_ID;
   436        return keywordCode((char*)z, i, tokenType);
   437      }
   438      case CC_X: {
   439  #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BLOB_LITERAL
   440        testcase( z[0]=='x' ); testcase( z[0]=='X' );
   441        if( z[1]=='\'' ){
   442          *tokenType = TK_BLOB;
   443          for(i=2; sqlite3Isxdigit(z[i]); i++){}
   444          if( z[i]!='\'' || i%2 ){
   445            *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
   446            while( z[i] && z[i]!='\'' ){ i++; }
   447          }
   448          if( z[i] ) i++;
   449          return i;
   450        }
   451  #endif
   452        /* If it is not a BLOB literal, then it must be an ID, since no
   453        ** SQL keywords start with the letter 'x'.  Fall through */
   454      }
   455      case CC_ID: {
   456        i = 1;
   457        break;
   458      }
   459      default: {
   460        *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
   461        return 1;
   462      }
   463    }
   464    while( IdChar(z[i]) ){ i++; }
   465    *tokenType = TK_ID;
   466    return i;
   467  }
   468  
   469  /*
   470  ** Run the parser on the given SQL string.  The parser structure is
   471  ** passed in.  An SQLITE_ status code is returned.  If an error occurs
   472  ** then an and attempt is made to write an error message into 
   473  ** memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc() and to make *pzErrMsg point to that
   474  ** error message.
   475  */
   476  int sqlite3RunParser(Parse *pParse, const char *zSql, char **pzErrMsg){
   477    int nErr = 0;                   /* Number of errors encountered */
   478    void *pEngine;                  /* The LEMON-generated LALR(1) parser */
   479    int n = 0;                      /* Length of the next token token */
   480    int tokenType;                  /* type of the next token */
   481    int lastTokenParsed = -1;       /* type of the previous token */
   482    sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;       /* The database connection */
   483    int mxSqlLen;                   /* Max length of an SQL string */
   484  #ifdef sqlite3Parser_ENGINEALWAYSONSTACK
   485    yyParser sEngine;    /* Space to hold the Lemon-generated Parser object */
   486  #endif
   487  
   488    assert( zSql!=0 );
   489    mxSqlLen = db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH];
   490    if( db->nVdbeActive==0 ){
   491      db->u1.isInterrupted = 0;
   492    }
   493    pParse->rc = SQLITE_OK;
   494    pParse->zTail = zSql;
   495    assert( pzErrMsg!=0 );
   496    /* sqlite3ParserTrace(stdout, "parser: "); */
   497  #ifdef sqlite3Parser_ENGINEALWAYSONSTACK
   498    pEngine = &sEngine;
   499    sqlite3ParserInit(pEngine);
   500  #else
   501    pEngine = sqlite3ParserAlloc(sqlite3Malloc);
   502    if( pEngine==0 ){
   503      sqlite3OomFault(db);
   504      return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
   505    }
   506  #endif
   507    assert( pParse->pNewTable==0 );
   508    assert( pParse->pNewTrigger==0 );
   509    assert( pParse->nVar==0 );
   510    assert( pParse->pVList==0 );
   511    while( 1 ){
   512      if( zSql[0]!=0 ){
   513        n = sqlite3GetToken((u8*)zSql, &tokenType);
   514        mxSqlLen -= n;
   515        if( mxSqlLen<0 ){
   516          pParse->rc = SQLITE_TOOBIG;
   517          break;
   518        }
   519      }else{
   520        /* Upon reaching the end of input, call the parser two more times
   521        ** with tokens TK_SEMI and 0, in that order. */
   522        if( lastTokenParsed==TK_SEMI ){
   523          tokenType = 0;
   524        }else if( lastTokenParsed==0 ){
   525          break;
   526        }else{
   527          tokenType = TK_SEMI;
   528        }
   529        zSql -= n;
   530      }
   531      if( tokenType>=TK_SPACE ){
   532        assert( tokenType==TK_SPACE || tokenType==TK_ILLEGAL );
   533        if( db->u1.isInterrupted ){
   534          pParse->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
   535          break;
   536        }
   537        if( tokenType==TK_ILLEGAL ){
   538          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unrecognized token: \"%.*s\"", n, zSql);
   539          break;
   540        }
   541        zSql += n;
   542      }else{
   543        pParse->sLastToken.z = zSql;
   544        pParse->sLastToken.n = n;
   545        sqlite3Parser(pEngine, tokenType, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
   546        lastTokenParsed = tokenType;
   547        zSql += n;
   548        if( pParse->rc!=SQLITE_OK || db->mallocFailed ) break;
   549      }
   550    }
   551    assert( nErr==0 );
   552    pParse->zTail = zSql;
   553  #ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
   554    sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3MallocMutex());
   555    sqlite3StatusHighwater(SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK,
   556        sqlite3ParserStackPeak(pEngine)
   557    );
   558    sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3MallocMutex());
   559  #endif /* YYDEBUG */
   560  #ifdef sqlite3Parser_ENGINEALWAYSONSTACK
   561    sqlite3ParserFinalize(pEngine);
   562  #else
   563    sqlite3ParserFree(pEngine, sqlite3_free);
   564  #endif
   565    if( db->mallocFailed ){
   566      pParse->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
   567    }
   568    if( pParse->rc!=SQLITE_OK && pParse->rc!=SQLITE_DONE && pParse->zErrMsg==0 ){
   569      pParse->zErrMsg = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "%s", sqlite3ErrStr(pParse->rc));
   570    }
   571    assert( pzErrMsg!=0 );
   572    if( pParse->zErrMsg ){
   573      *pzErrMsg = pParse->zErrMsg;
   574      sqlite3_log(pParse->rc, "%s", *pzErrMsg);
   575      pParse->zErrMsg = 0;
   576      nErr++;
   577    }
   578    if( pParse->pVdbe && pParse->nErr>0 && pParse->nested==0 ){
   579      sqlite3VdbeDelete(pParse->pVdbe);
   580      pParse->pVdbe = 0;
   581    }
   582  #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
   583    if( pParse->nested==0 ){
   584      sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->aTableLock);
   585      pParse->aTableLock = 0;
   586      pParse->nTableLock = 0;
   587    }
   588  #endif
   589  #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
   590    sqlite3_free(pParse->apVtabLock);
   591  #endif
   592  
   593    if( !IN_DECLARE_VTAB ){
   594      /* If the pParse->declareVtab flag is set, do not delete any table 
   595      ** structure built up in pParse->pNewTable. The calling code (see vtab.c)
   596      ** will take responsibility for freeing the Table structure.
   597      */
   598      sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pParse->pNewTable);
   599    }
   600  
   601    if( pParse->pWithToFree ) sqlite3WithDelete(db, pParse->pWithToFree);
   602    sqlite3DeleteTrigger(db, pParse->pNewTrigger);
   603    sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->pVList);
   604    while( pParse->pAinc ){
   605      AutoincInfo *p = pParse->pAinc;
   606      pParse->pAinc = p->pNext;
   607      sqlite3DbFreeNN(db, p);
   608    }
   609    while( pParse->pZombieTab ){
   610      Table *p = pParse->pZombieTab;
   611      pParse->pZombieTab = p->pNextZombie;
   612      sqlite3DeleteTable(db, p);
   613    }
   614    assert( nErr==0 || pParse->rc!=SQLITE_OK );
   615    return nErr;
   616  }